{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416799577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ppps56198.2025.11248553","title":"Controllable Synthesis of Core-Shell Nanomaterials in a Triple-Stage Microwave Plasma System: Hierarchical Regulation of Precursors and Gas Composition","display_name":"Controllable Synthesis of Core-Shell Nanomaterials in a Triple-Stage Microwave Plasma System: Hierarchical Regulation of Precursors and Gas Composition","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416799577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ppps56198.2025.11248553"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ppps56198.2025.11248553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ppps56198.2025.11248553","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ppps56198.2025.11248553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607929","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","issn_l":"0730-9244","issn":["0730-9244","2576-7208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Pulsed Power &amp;amp; Plasma Science (PPPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"N. Luo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112228867","display_name":"Wenhui Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6454-8353","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6454-8353","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4979-6286"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042955565","display_name":"Xin Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3815-0878","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3815-0878","https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0448-5700"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X. Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067643108","display_name":"G. Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2256-2673","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2256-2673"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12270","display_name":"Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Applications","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12270","display_name":"Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Applications","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13104","display_name":"Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10642","display_name":"Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Applications","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-shell-nanoparticles","display_name":"core-shell nanoparticles","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-plasma-synthesis","display_name":"microwave plasma synthesis","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carrier-gas-composition","display_name":"carrier gas composition","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-power","display_name":"plasma power","score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-nanomaterials","display_name":"magnetic nanomaterials","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biocompatibility","display_name":"biocompatibility","score":0.8629999756813049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138631740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967847","display_name":"Nanomaterials","level":2,"score":0.8597000241279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.6887999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6703000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.5705999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61048295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909022","display_name":"Nucleation","level":2,"score":0.5551000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.5034999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.43959999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.400299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778541603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152763","display_name":"Lithium (medication)","level":2,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.37610000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.3441999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194439259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3273339","display_name":"Syngas","level":3,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87023908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3870166","display_name":"Magnetic nanoparticles","level":3,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175721412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5526327","display_name":"Gas composition","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95974651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2454436","display_name":"Inductively coupled plasma","level":3,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7877","display_name":"Electrochemistry","level":3,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779131772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103223","display_name":"Hematite","level":2,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89395315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181232","display_name":"Anode","level":3,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910607562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3870166","display_name":"Magnetite Nanoparticles","level":4,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776871784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861356","display_name":"Hydrothermal synthesis","level":3,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145738678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4364316","display_name":"Plasma processing","level":3,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ppps56198.2025.11248553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ppps56198.2025.11248553","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ppps56198.2025.11248553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607929","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","issn_l":"0730-9244","issn":["0730-9244","2576-7208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Pulsed Power &amp;amp; Plasma Science (PPPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6981466896","https://openalex.org/W2743439244","https://openalex.org/W2059453576","https://openalex.org/W2605045292","https://openalex.org/W2019454684","https://openalex.org/W1973979995","https://openalex.org/W3085801965","https://openalex.org/W3032925041","https://openalex.org/W2335138326","https://openalex.org/W2610376917"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"develops":[2],"a":[3],"multi-stage":[4,40],"microwave":[5,41,186],"plasma":[6,42,75,187],"strategy":[7],"for":[8,64,68,161,195],"one-step":[9],"synthesis":[10,105,128,180,198],"of":[11,58,181,199],"core-shell":[12,182,200],"nanoparticles,":[13],"achieving":[14],"carbon-encapsulated":[15],"silicon":[16],"(C@Si,":[17],"core:":[18],"60-200":[19],"nm)":[20],"from":[21,33],"carbon":[22],"black/micron":[23],"Si":[24],"(1-3":[25],"\u03bc":[26,37],"m)":[27],"and":[28,52,70,88,91,97,129,138,176],"iron":[29,31],"oxide-coated":[30],"(FeOx@Fe)":[32],"hematite":[34],"micropowder":[35],"(1-10":[36],"m).":[38],"The":[39,179],"reactor":[43],"enables":[44],"control":[45,134,140],"over":[46],"core":[47],"size":[48],"(60-200":[49],"nm":[50],"tunable)":[51],"shell":[53],"composition":[54,94],"through":[55],"independent":[56,137],"regulation":[57],"precursor":[59],"feed":[60],"rates":[61,72],"(10-100":[62],"mL/min":[63,67],"Si/C,":[65],"10-35":[66],"Fe2O3)":[69],"gas":[71,93],"(9-15":[73],"L/min),":[74],"power":[76],"at":[77],"each":[78],"stage":[79],"(1500-3500":[80],"W,":[81],"2500-3500":[82],"W":[83,86],"vaporization,":[84],"1500-2000":[85],"oxidation":[87],"nucleation":[89],"growth),":[90],"carrier":[92],"(Ar/H2":[95],"mixtures":[96],"N2/O2":[98],"mixtures).":[99],"Key":[100],"advantages":[101],"include:":[102],"1)":[103],"Ultrarapid":[104],"(<200":[106],"ms":[107],"residence":[108],"time)":[109],"enabled":[110],"by":[111],"localized":[112],"high-temperature":[113],"zones":[114],"(estimated":[115],"5000-6000":[116],"K)":[117],"with":[118,151],"steep":[119],"thermal":[120],"gradients;":[121],"2)":[122],"Low":[123],"byproduct":[124],"formation;":[125],"3)":[126],"One-step":[127],"small":[130],"device":[131],"size;":[132],"4)The":[133],"parameters":[135],"are":[136],"the":[139,196],"method":[141],"is":[142],"simple.":[143],"Core-shell":[144],"structure":[145,153],"nanomaterials":[146,170,183],"exhibit":[147,165],"excellent":[148,166],"performance":[149],"compared":[150],"ordinary":[152],"nanomaterials,":[154],"C@Si":[155],"nanoparticles":[156],"as":[157],"negative":[158],"electrode":[159],"materials":[160],"lithium":[162],"ion":[163],"batteries":[164],"electrochemical":[167],"performance,":[168],"FeOx@Fe":[169],"have":[171],"high":[172,177],"specific":[173],"magnetic":[174],"moment":[175],"biocompatibility.":[178],"using":[184],"multistage":[185],"in":[188],"one":[189],"step":[190],"provides":[191],"an":[192],"innovative":[193],"idea":[194],"industrial":[197],"materials.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"}
