{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416788574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","title":"Experimental stopping power estimation in a homogeneous phantom via prompt gamma timing towards proton therapy monitoring","display_name":"Experimental stopping power estimation in a homogeneous phantom via prompt gamma timing towards proton therapy monitoring","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416788574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42374062"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-59468-w_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-59468-w_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048767301","display_name":"J. Werner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2389-0371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2389-0371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9341345","display_name":"University of L\u00fcbeck","ror":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julius Werner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Engineering, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, 23562, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Engineering, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, 23562, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028206115","display_name":"F. Pennazio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8323-0132","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8323-0132"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099850","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/01vj6ck58","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Pennazio","raw_affiliation_strings":["INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036440473","display_name":"P. Cerello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2443-5178","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2443-5178"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099850","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/01vj6ck58","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piergiorgio Cerello","raw_affiliation_strings":["INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065215430","display_name":"Elisa Fiorina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8172-4283","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8172-4283"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099850","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/01vj6ck58","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisa Fiorina","raw_affiliation_strings":["INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017836757","display_name":"S. Giordanengo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-1182","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-1182"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099850","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/01vj6ck58","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simona Giordanengo","raw_affiliation_strings":["INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042096762","display_name":"F\u00e9lix M\u00e1s Mili\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5588-1672","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5588-1672"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122449915","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/01zwq4y59","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122449915"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099850","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/01vj6ck58","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}],"countries":["BR","IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Felix Mas Milian","raw_affiliation_strings":["INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy. masmilia@to.infn.it","State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilh\u00e9us, 45662-900, Brazil. masmilia@to.infn.it"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy. masmilia@to.infn.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilh\u00e9us, 45662-900, Brazil. masmilia@to.infn.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122449915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056933443","display_name":"Alessio Mereghetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0586-257X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0586-257X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101051","display_name":"National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy","ror":"https://ror.org/016fa9e26","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessio Mereghetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, 27100, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, 27100, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093479842","display_name":"F. Mostardi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franco Mostardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Turin (UNITO), Turin, 10125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Turin (UNITO), Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004489921","display_name":"Marco Giuseppe Pullia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-431X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-431X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101051","display_name":"National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy","ror":"https://ror.org/016fa9e26","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Pullia","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, 27100, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, 27100, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111241808","display_name":"Sahar Ranjbar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9998-4094","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9998-4094"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099850","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/01vj6ck58","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahar Ranjbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Turin (UNITO), Turin, 10125, Italy","INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Turin (UNITO), Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087667872","display_name":"Roberto Sacchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7794-0170","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7794-0170"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099850","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/01vj6ck58","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Sacchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Turin (UNITO), Turin, 10125, Italy","INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Turin (UNITO), Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022507645","display_name":"A. Vignati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8137-9080","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8137-9080"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099850","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/01vj6ck58","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Vignati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Turin (UNITO), Turin, 10125, Italy","INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Turin (UNITO), Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085577749","display_name":"M. Rafecas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5691-7756","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5691-7756"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9341345","display_name":"University of L\u00fcbeck","ror":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Magdalena Rafecas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Engineering, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, 23562, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Engineering, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, 23562, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027406104","display_name":"V. Ferrero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3900-6680","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3900-6680"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099850","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/01vj6ck58","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veronica Ferrero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Turin (UNITO), Turin, 10125, Italy","INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Turin (UNITO), Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INFN Sezione di Torino, Turin, 10125, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042096762"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122449915","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0044164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range-shifts","display_name":"range shifts","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-gain-avalanche-diodes","display_name":"low gain avalanche diodes","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous-phantom","display_name":"homogeneous phantom","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-treatment-planning","display_name":"adaptive treatment planning","score":0.6800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.8284000158309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146904657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201332","display_name":"Stopping power","level":3,"score":0.7038999795913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.6917999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6108999848365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54516573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294","display_name":"Proton","level":2,"score":0.5246999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778418280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38276304","display_name":"Particle therapy","level":3,"score":0.5016000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.44179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779244869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507667","display_name":"Proton therapy","level":3,"score":0.43970000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.4323999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.421999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3831000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.36660000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.34619998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.289900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87133666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161699","display_name":"Dynamic range","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-59468-w_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42374062","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42374062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.21344","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.21344","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.21344","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ca0cc64466464d28ae6bc1eefaa83dee","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ca0cc64466464d28ae6bc1eefaa83dee","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 16, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2511.21344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.21344","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.21344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-59468-w","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-59468-w_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5947820222","display_name":"Sch\u00e4tzung des Bremsverm\u00f6gen in Ionentherapie (PROSIT)","funder_award_id":"516587313","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416788574.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416788574.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1751989058","https://openalex.org/W1914053366","https://openalex.org/W1996311760","https://openalex.org/W1999189079","https://openalex.org/W2007352833","https://openalex.org/W2013406493","https://openalex.org/W2039699511","https://openalex.org/W2063713461","https://openalex.org/W2092513871","https://openalex.org/W2104891102","https://openalex.org/W2143395375","https://openalex.org/W2144241398","https://openalex.org/W2149479064","https://openalex.org/W2169074175","https://openalex.org/W2257349442","https://openalex.org/W2291317308","https://openalex.org/W2462360953","https://openalex.org/W2509332681","https://openalex.org/W2610283735","https://openalex.org/W2802172296","https://openalex.org/W2898322726","https://openalex.org/W2996841403","https://openalex.org/W3019278181","https://openalex.org/W3047464075","https://openalex.org/W3092391897","https://openalex.org/W3110938694","https://openalex.org/W3124882440","https://openalex.org/W3173087657","https://openalex.org/W3181747661","https://openalex.org/W3194262682","https://openalex.org/W3215632340","https://openalex.org/W4213289300","https://openalex.org/W4213447364","https://openalex.org/W4220693075","https://openalex.org/W4233028976","https://openalex.org/W4248473228","https://openalex.org/W4292371282","https://openalex.org/W4297100688","https://openalex.org/W4297541835","https://openalex.org/W4307211005","https://openalex.org/W4310815629","https://openalex.org/W4315783622","https://openalex.org/W4323048115","https://openalex.org/W4362721530","https://openalex.org/W4366439485","https://openalex.org/W4375846889","https://openalex.org/W4376891616","https://openalex.org/W4385264044","https://openalex.org/W4385825719","https://openalex.org/W4397043591","https://openalex.org/W4400093561","https://openalex.org/W4400106538","https://openalex.org/W4401028261","https://openalex.org/W4402168199","https://openalex.org/W4402645169","https://openalex.org/W4402833193","https://openalex.org/W4402833980","https://openalex.org/W4403857329","https://openalex.org/W4404933394","https://openalex.org/W4408613840","https://openalex.org/W4411348784","https://openalex.org/W7138909624","https://openalex.org/W7160924620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297541835","https://openalex.org/W4400106538","https://openalex.org/W4213289300","https://openalex.org/W4402833388","https://openalex.org/W2783964817","https://openalex.org/W7135015264","https://openalex.org/W2939027394","https://openalex.org/W7220945291","https://openalex.org/W4391249964","https://openalex.org/W3176347539"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,118],"full":[1],"potential":[2],"of":[3,49,69,179],"proton":[4,109],"therapy":[5],"is":[6,33],"limited":[7],"by":[8],"uncertainties":[9,20],"that":[10,37,58],"prevent":[11],"optimal":[12],"dose":[13],"distribution.":[14],"Monitoring":[15],"techniques":[16],"can":[17],"reduce":[18],"these":[19],"and":[21,44,102,111,135,182,190],"enable":[22],"adaptive":[23],"treatment":[24],"planning.":[25],"Spatiotemporal":[26],"Emission":[27],"Reconstruction":[28],"from":[29,96],"Prompt-Gamma":[30],"Timing":[31],"(SER-PGT)":[32],"a":[34,73,80,84,97,100,136,149,152,163,194],"promising":[35],"method":[36],"provides":[38],"insights":[39],"into":[40],"both":[41,180],"particle":[42,188],"range":[43,160,181],"stopping":[45,120,183],"power,":[46],"the":[47,65,131,159,173,177],"calculation":[48],"which":[50],"normally":[51],"requires":[52],"knowledge":[53],"about":[54],"patient":[55],"tissue":[56],"properties":[57],"cannot":[59],"be":[60],"directly":[61],"measured.":[62],"We":[63],"present":[64],"first":[66],"experimental":[67,174],"proof":[68],"principle":[70],"obtained":[71],"using":[72],"226.9":[74],"MeV":[75],"synchrotron-proton":[76],"beam":[77],"impinging":[78],"on":[79],"homogeneous":[81,195],"phantom":[82,150],"at":[83,143],"subclinical":[85],"intensity":[86],"(2":[87],"-":[88],"[Formula:":[89],"see":[90],"text]":[91],"pps).":[92],"SER-PGT":[93],"uses":[94],"data":[95],"multidetector":[98],"setup:":[99],"thin":[101],"segmented":[103],"Low":[104],"Gain":[105],"Avalanche":[106],"Diode":[107],"for":[108,115],"detection":[110],"Lanthanum":[112],"Bromide-based":[113],"crystals":[114],"photon":[116],"detection.":[117],"estimated":[119],"power":[121,184],"profile":[122],"showed":[123],"an":[124],"8%\u00b1":[125],"3%":[126],"average":[127],"error":[128],"compared":[129],"with":[130,151,162],"NIST":[132],"PSTAR":[133],"values,":[134],"2%\u00b1":[137],"2%":[138],"deviation":[139],"relative":[140],"to":[141],"water":[142],"100":[144],"MeV.":[145],"Range":[146],"assessment":[147],"in":[148,193],"4":[153],"cm":[154],"air":[155],"gap":[156],"successfully":[157],"identified":[158],"shift":[161],"3":[164],"mm":[165],"standard":[166],"deviation.":[167],"For":[168],"this":[169],"proof-of-principle":[170],"irradiation":[171],"scenario,":[172],"results":[175],"demonstrate":[176],"recovery":[178],"information":[185],"through":[186],"SER-PGT,":[187],"kinematics":[189],"PGT":[191],"measurements":[192],"target.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"}