{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416719086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8","title":"Frontiers of biological material intelligence","display_name":"Frontiers of biological material intelligence","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416719086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55806205","display_name":"MRS Bulletin","issn_l":"0883-7694","issn":["0883-7694","1938-1425"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MRS Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120616466","display_name":"Lee Marom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7729-6956","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7729-6956"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee Marom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011504360","display_name":"Markus J. Buehler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4173-9659","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4173-9659"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Markus J. Buehler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4173-9659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011504360"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":{"value":3490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3490},"apc_paid":{"value":3490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3490},"fwci":1.7795,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84129834,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"12","first_page":"1492","last_page":"1504"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11737","display_name":"Advanced Materials and Mechanics","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11737","display_name":"Advanced Materials and Mechanics","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11278","display_name":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-materials","display_name":"biological materials","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/material-intelligence","display_name":"material intelligence","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-materials","display_name":"adaptive materials","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-optimization","display_name":"self-optimization","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/category-theory","display_name":"category theory","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"graph theory","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofabrication","display_name":"biofabrication","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-manufacturing","display_name":"additive manufacturing","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience-engineering","display_name":"resilience engineering","score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability","display_name":"sustainability","score":0.6340000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.618399977684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5440999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992918937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239","display_name":"Biological organism","level":3,"score":0.49230000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984787389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4915000","display_name":"Biological materials","level":2,"score":0.4185999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4124000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165062768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145644","display_name":"Biomimetics","level":2,"score":0.4099000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.37630000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3418999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987263936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10843872","display_name":"Materials processing","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993522384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3405827","display_name":"Natural materials","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47822265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854457","display_name":"Complex system","level":2,"score":0.2630999982357025}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55806205","display_name":"MRS Bulletin","issn_l":"0883-7694","issn":["0883-7694","1938-1425"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MRS Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/164111","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/164111","pdf_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstreams/6aec583d-71ef-4e09-8968-cb7b6d44d9af/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Springer International Publishing","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1557/s43577-025-00987-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55806205","display_name":"MRS Bulletin","issn_l":"0883-7694","issn":["0883-7694","1938-1425"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MRS Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309369","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416719086.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416719086.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":100,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529533208","https://openalex.org/W1898514470","https://openalex.org/W1968591572","https://openalex.org/W1983197353","https://openalex.org/W1983416666","https://openalex.org/W1987972296","https://openalex.org/W1987993132","https://openalex.org/W1988374761","https://openalex.org/W1999546096","https://openalex.org/W2017792066","https://openalex.org/W2023108847","https://openalex.org/W2032733599","https://openalex.org/W2032741311","https://openalex.org/W2052242559","https://openalex.org/W2058364550","https://openalex.org/W2065889397","https://openalex.org/W2066602552","https://openalex.org/W2072086579","https://openalex.org/W2076352514","https://openalex.org/W2080552227","https://openalex.org/W2086238435","https://openalex.org/W2094868720","https://openalex.org/W2102603339","https://openalex.org/W2106206253","https://openalex.org/W2110206314","https://openalex.org/W2115509218","https://openalex.org/W2124236598","https://openalex.org/W2144487372","https://openalex.org/W2157188287","https://openalex.org/W2159280257","https://openalex.org/W2167682467","https://openalex.org/W2168464016","https://openalex.org/W2771289183","https://openalex.org/W2906406229","https://openalex.org/W2956309634","https://openalex.org/W2962886429","https://openalex.org/W2963784900","https://openalex.org/W2980761602","https://openalex.org/W2996085372","https://openalex.org/W3000180033","https://openalex.org/W3015675112","https://openalex.org/W3033449785","https://openalex.org/W3040005610","https://openalex.org/W3083504299","https://openalex.org/W3108639986","https://openalex.org/W3110901318","https://openalex.org/W3115104721","https://openalex.org/W3124112071","https://openalex.org/W3155187091","https://openalex.org/W3175119564","https://openalex.org/W4205599754","https://openalex.org/W4220845609","https://openalex.org/W4221125443","https://openalex.org/W4223918226","https://openalex.org/W4229045697","https://openalex.org/W4231206292","https://openalex.org/W4282584043","https://openalex.org/W4289260994","https://openalex.org/W4308150738","https://openalex.org/W4309965796","https://openalex.org/W4310273071","https://openalex.org/W4310460724","https://openalex.org/W4312114879","https://openalex.org/W4319941684","https://openalex.org/W4378715921","https://openalex.org/W4379469233","https://openalex.org/W4383100019","https://openalex.org/W4387237425","https://openalex.org/W4387879598","https://openalex.org/W4389164284","https://openalex.org/W4389727268","https://openalex.org/W4390663420","https://openalex.org/W4390824394","https://openalex.org/W4392469007","https://openalex.org/W4393003993","https://openalex.org/W4393203284","https://openalex.org/W4395051529","https://openalex.org/W4397004462","https://openalex.org/W4399377978","https://openalex.org/W4400059996","https://openalex.org/W4401722919","https://openalex.org/W4401944952","https://openalex.org/W4402046952","https://openalex.org/W4402998604","https://openalex.org/W4403452223","https://openalex.org/W4405463683","https://openalex.org/W4405516807","https://openalex.org/W4405599065","https://openalex.org/W4406206589","https://openalex.org/W4406642124","https://openalex.org/W4406794696","https://openalex.org/W4406947275","https://openalex.org/W4407723171","https://openalex.org/W4407979575","https://openalex.org/W4409020246","https://openalex.org/W4409086446","https://openalex.org/W4410165966","https://openalex.org/W4410374120","https://openalex.org/W4412793613","https://openalex.org/W4416187607"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0,174],"Biological":[1],"materials":[2,58],"exhibit":[3],"a":[4,61,137],"form":[5],"of":[6,56,67,96,113,120,155,161],"intelligence":[7,73],"that":[8,158],"enables":[9],"them":[10],"to":[11,18,90,130],"sense,":[12],"adapt,":[13],"and":[14,38,52,74,84,107,126,145,166,171],"self-optimize":[15],"in":[16,71,140],"response":[17],"their":[19,42],"environments.":[20,172],"Unlike":[21],"synthetic":[22],"materials,":[23],"which":[24],"are":[25,159],"often":[26],"designed":[27],"for":[28,49,136],"singular,":[29],"static":[30],"functions,":[31],"natural":[32],"material":[33,68,115],"systems":[34,157],"integrate":[35],"sensing,":[36],"memory,":[37],"feedback":[39],"directly":[40],"into":[41],"architectures.":[43],"As":[44,117],"industries":[45],"face":[46],"increasing":[47],"demands":[48],"resilience,":[50,165],"sustainability,":[51],"efficiency,":[53],"the":[54,65,92,110,118,134,153],"development":[55,154],"intelligent":[57,97,156],"has":[59],"become":[60],"promising":[62],"step":[63],"toward":[64],"future":[66],"innovation.":[69],"Advances":[70],"artificial":[72],"machine":[75],"learning,":[76],"along":[77],"with":[78],"mathematical":[79],"frameworks":[80],"spanning":[81],"graph":[82],"theory":[83],"category":[85],"theory,":[86],"provide":[87],"powerful":[88],"tools":[89],"uncover":[91],"underlying":[93],"design":[94],"principles":[95],"biological":[98,122],"materials.":[99,147],"Simultaneously,":[100],"digital":[101],"fabrication":[102,128],"methods,":[103],"including":[104],"additive":[105],"manufacturing":[106],"biofabrication,":[108],"allow":[109],"scalable":[111],"realization":[112],"adaptive":[114],"systems.":[116],"integration":[119],"deep":[121],"insight,":[123],"computational":[124],"modeling,":[125],"advanced":[127],"continues":[129],"evolve,":[131],"it":[132],"sets":[133],"stage":[135],"profound":[138],"shift":[139],"how":[141],"we":[142],"conceive,":[143],"create,":[144],"deploy":[146],"Advancing":[148],"this":[149],"convergence":[150],"will":[151],"accelerate":[152],"capable":[160],"autonomous":[162],"adaptation,":[163],"long-term":[164],"embedded":[167],"functionality":[168],"across":[169],"scales":[170],"Graphical":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-11-27T00:00:00"}
