{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416688705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-07-2025-0090","title":"Spiritual leadership and adaptive performance among health workers: the roles of optimism and trust","display_name":"Spiritual leadership and adaptive performance among health workers: the roles of optimism and trust","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416688705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-07-2025-0090","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41293915"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/ijhcqa-07-2025-0090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-07-2025-0090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-07-2025-0090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12726761","display_name":"International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance","issn_l":"0952-6862","issn":["0952-6862","1758-6542"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Emmanuel Agyenim Boateng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133771110","display_name":"University of Cape Coast","ror":"https://ror.org/0492nfe34","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133771110"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanuel Agyenim Boateng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cape Coast Department of Human Resource Management, , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cape Coast Department of Human Resource Management, , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133771110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032989331","display_name":"Moses Ahomka Yeboah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7302-851X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7302-851X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206509152","display_name":"Cape Coast Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/002mzw222","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206509152"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moses Ahomka Yeboah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cape Coast Technical University Department of Entrepreneurship and Agribusiness, , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7302-851X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cape Coast Technical University Department of Entrepreneurship and Agribusiness, , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206509152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077378265","display_name":"Abraham Ansong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7607-6824","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7607-6824"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133771110","display_name":"University of Cape Coast","ror":"https://ror.org/0492nfe34","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133771110"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abraham Ansong","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cape Coast Department of Management, , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cape Coast Department of Management, , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133771110"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085751311","display_name":"Isaac Tetteh Kwao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0364-9617","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0364-9617"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133771110","display_name":"University of Cape Coast","ror":"https://ror.org/0492nfe34","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133771110"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isaac Tetteh Kwao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cape Coast Department of Human Resource Management, , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cape Coast Department of Human Resource Management, , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133771110"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2516,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91208738,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"3","first_page":"219","last_page":"235"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12393","display_name":"Workplace Spirituality and Leadership","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12393","display_name":"Workplace Spirituality and Leadership","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10509","display_name":"Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14436","display_name":"Employee Performance and Leadership","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiritual-leadership","display_name":"spiritual leadership","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-performance","display_name":"adaptive performance","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-workers","display_name":"healthcare workers","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimism","display_name":"optimism","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trust","display_name":"trust","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiritual-values","display_name":"spiritual values","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-care","display_name":"quality of care","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-psychology","display_name":"positive psychology","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediating-effect","display_name":"mediating effect","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderating-effect","display_name":"moderating effect","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-leadership","display_name":"healthcare leadership","score":0.871999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204017024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485446","display_name":"Optimism","level":2,"score":0.8070999979972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.73089998960495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5810999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5626000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.5121999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514793146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168796","display_name":"Spirituality","level":3,"score":0.4675999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.461899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4496999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4413999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12505134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718809","display_name":"Positive psychology","level":2,"score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197386563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508686","display_name":"Leadership style","level":2,"score":0.4004000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3790999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776420229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981051","display_name":"Well-being","level":2,"score":0.3765000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779077761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2906002","display_name":"Positive psychological capital","level":2,"score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38775462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569376","display_name":"Transformational leadership","level":2,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106934330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971873","display_name":"Trait","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992763546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Psychological health","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778574215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8035074","display_name":"Workplace spirituality","level":4,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993311118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51379","display_name":"Positive relationship","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68489960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370659","display_name":"Transactional leadership","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000067656","descriptor_name":"Optimism","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000223","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001291","descriptor_name":"Attitude of Health Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006282","descriptor_name":"Health Personnel","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007857","descriptor_name":"Leadership","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011787","descriptor_name":"Quality of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D029181","descriptor_name":"Spirituality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D035502","descriptor_name":"Trust","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/ijhcqa-07-2025-0090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-07-2025-0090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-07-2025-0090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12726761","display_name":"International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance","issn_l":"0952-6862","issn":["0952-6862","1758-6542"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41293915","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41293915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of health care quality assurance","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.6452000141143799,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583775828","https://openalex.org/W1736209534","https://openalex.org/W1889880680","https://openalex.org/W1985720015","https://openalex.org/W2085123588","https://openalex.org/W2105846236","https://openalex.org/W2106096361","https://openalex.org/W2132068197","https://openalex.org/W2154649143","https://openalex.org/W2162437324","https://openalex.org/W2162478246","https://openalex.org/W2724489568","https://openalex.org/W2897882779","https://openalex.org/W2900163346","https://openalex.org/W2908081743","https://openalex.org/W2973847581","https://openalex.org/W2987219843","https://openalex.org/W3003049325","https://openalex.org/W3037517576","https://openalex.org/W3043363768","https://openalex.org/W3044403447","https://openalex.org/W3082459469","https://openalex.org/W3088252370","https://openalex.org/W3090507243","https://openalex.org/W3093411360","https://openalex.org/W3094125347","https://openalex.org/W3141715360","https://openalex.org/W3164172773","https://openalex.org/W3185615079","https://openalex.org/W3186940980","https://openalex.org/W3214602657","https://openalex.org/W3215099430","https://openalex.org/W4200191716","https://openalex.org/W4205739012","https://openalex.org/W4220999247","https://openalex.org/W4229077132","https://openalex.org/W4285668168","https://openalex.org/W4289515824","https://openalex.org/W4292477939","https://openalex.org/W4312093824","https://openalex.org/W4313251029","https://openalex.org/W4317254367","https://openalex.org/W4319340033","https://openalex.org/W4322621170","https://openalex.org/W4362455970","https://openalex.org/W4381282181","https://openalex.org/W4383739038","https://openalex.org/W4386056869","https://openalex.org/W4386408419","https://openalex.org/W4386759556","https://openalex.org/W4387015170","https://openalex.org/W4387518176","https://openalex.org/W4388466087","https://openalex.org/W4388513448","https://openalex.org/W4388661609","https://openalex.org/W4388725570","https://openalex.org/W4389053446","https://openalex.org/W4389502491","https://openalex.org/W4389954712","https://openalex.org/W4390522067","https://openalex.org/W4390571152","https://openalex.org/W4390697177","https://openalex.org/W4390717375","https://openalex.org/W4391918577","https://openalex.org/W4392267146","https://openalex.org/W4392774444","https://openalex.org/W4392864697","https://openalex.org/W4393951095","https://openalex.org/W4394782508","https://openalex.org/W4396760270","https://openalex.org/W4396980839","https://openalex.org/W4399759670","https://openalex.org/W4400486407","https://openalex.org/W4402564881","https://openalex.org/W4402784314","https://openalex.org/W4403534970","https://openalex.org/W4404470917","https://openalex.org/W4405531232","https://openalex.org/W4407061136","https://openalex.org/W4409393091","https://openalex.org/W4409830073"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2980011174","https://openalex.org/W4313438819","https://openalex.org/W4411005862","https://openalex.org/W4416805507","https://openalex.org/W7160018530","https://openalex.org/W7217163928","https://openalex.org/W3207352104","https://openalex.org/W7128317057","https://openalex.org/W4392054388","https://openalex.org/W4385659156"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"This":[1,147,168,224],"study":[2,69,169,211],"examines":[3],"how":[4,116,230],"leaders":[5,182],"could":[6],"use":[7],"spiritual":[8,76,105,117,142,163,221],"values":[9,77],"to":[10,18,22,41,60,186],"influence":[11,161],"the":[12,25,50,62,65,80,102,139,160,174,197,210,218,236,246],"adaptive":[13,81,108,133,145],"performance":[14,82,190],"of":[15,30,75,83,162,200,214,220,229],"health":[16,46,72,84,92,126,181,188],"workers":[17,47,85,127],"deliver":[19],"quality":[20,88,193],"care":[21],"patients":[23],"through":[24,179],"mediation":[26],"and":[27,32,48,107,144,176,205,241],"moderation":[28],"effects":[29],"optimism":[31,94,201],"trust,":[33],"respectively.":[34],"DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH:":[35],"We":[36],"employed":[37],"a":[38,98,203,208],"quantitative":[39],"approach":[40,225],"collect":[42],"data":[43],"from":[44],"356":[45],"used":[49],"partial":[51],"least":[52],"squares":[53],"structural":[54],"equation":[55],"modeling":[56],"(PLS":[57],"-SEM)":[58],"technique":[59],"test":[61],"hypotheses":[63],"in":[64,86,101,191,253],"study.":[66],"FINDINGS:":[67],"The":[68],"found":[70],"that":[71,111,149,249],"leaders'":[73],"application":[74],"positively":[78,129],"influenced":[79],"delivering":[87,192],"patient":[89],"care.":[90],"Moreover,":[91],"workers'":[93,189],"was":[95,128],"identified":[96],"as":[97],"mediating":[99],"variable":[100],"relationship":[103,140,237],"between":[104,141,238],"leadership":[106,118,143,164,222,239],"performance,":[109,134,155,243],"indicating":[110],"optimistic":[112],"attitudes":[113],"partially":[114],"explain":[115],"translates":[119],"into":[120,173,217],"improved":[121,251],"adaptability.":[122,166],"While":[123],"trust":[124,151,206],"among":[125],"associated":[130],"with":[131],"their":[132],"it":[135,156],"did":[136],"not":[137,158],"moderate":[138],"performance.":[146],"suggests":[148],"although":[150],"is":[152],"important":[153],"for":[154],"does":[157],"strengthen":[159],"on":[165],"ORIGINALITY/VALUE:":[167],"offers":[170],"new":[171],"insights":[172],"mechanisms":[175],"boundary":[177],"conditions":[178],"which":[180],"can":[183,234],"leverage":[184],"spirituality":[185],"enhance":[187],"healthcare.":[194],"By":[195],"examining":[196],"sequential":[198],"roles":[199],"(as":[202,207],"mediator)":[204],"moderator),":[209],"integrates":[212],"elements":[213],"positive":[215],"psychology":[216],"framework":[219],"theory.":[223],"deepens":[226],"our":[227],"understanding":[228],"intervening":[231],"personality":[232],"traits":[233],"shape":[235],"styles":[240],"employee":[242],"thereby":[244],"highlighting":[245],"psychological":[247],"pathways":[248],"support":[250],"outcomes":[252],"healthcare":[254],"settings.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-22T18:32:59.640997","created_date":"2025-11-27T00:00:00"}
