{"id":"https://openalex.org/W44166479","doi":null,"title":"Relationship between upper gastrointestinal symptoms and lifestyle, psychosocial factors and comorbidity in the general population: results from the Domestic/International Gastroenterology Surveillance Study (DIGEST).","display_name":"Relationship between upper gastrointestinal symptoms and lifestyle, psychosocial factors and comorbidity in the general population: results from the Domestic/International Gastroenterology Surveillance Study (DIGEST).","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W44166479","mag":"44166479","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10565621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:10565621","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10565621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. Supplement","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109004695","display_name":"V Stanghellini","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"V Stanghellini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Italy. vstang@med.unibo.it"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Italy. vstang@med.unibo.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109004695"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9727,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":134,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73977732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"231","issue":null,"first_page":"29","last_page":"37"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10671","display_name":"Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments","score":0.5976999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10671","display_name":"Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments","score":0.5976999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10365","display_name":"Gastrointestinal motility and disorders","score":0.3264000117778778,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10276","display_name":"Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies","score":0.05380000174045563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-gastrointestinal-symptoms","display_name":"upper gastrointestinal symptoms","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastroesophageal-reflux-disease","display_name":"gastroesophageal reflux disease","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptic-ulcer","display_name":"peptic ulcer","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychosocial-risk-factors","display_name":"psychosocial risk factors","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-stress","display_name":"psychological stress","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recent-life-events","display_name":"recent life events","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-disorders","display_name":"mental illness","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbidity","display_name":"comorbidities","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifestyle-factors","display_name":"lifestyle factors","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcohol-consumption","display_name":"alcohol consumption","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caffeine-intake","display_name":"caffeine consumption","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/over-the-counter-drugs","display_name":"over-the-counter drugs","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-drug-reactions","display_name":"adverse drug reactions","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence","display_name":"prevalence","score":0.5210000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8775675296783447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150966472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3410145","display_name":"Psychosocial","level":2,"score":0.6689434051513672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6008888483047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874","display_name":"Comorbidity","level":2,"score":0.5857027173042297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5486529469490051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.5361321568489075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5120509266853333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781354955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11920938","display_name":"Marital status","level":3,"score":0.4745826721191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.4707900583744049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3585769832134247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.11346873641014099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002170","descriptor_name":"Canada","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004415","descriptor_name":"Dyspepsia","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004415","descriptor_name":"Dyspepsia","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004415","descriptor_name":"Dyspepsia","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005387","descriptor_name":"Finland","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005764","descriptor_name":"Gastroesophageal Reflux","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005767","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005767","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005767","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007564","descriptor_name":"Japan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008019","descriptor_name":"Life Style","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009426","descriptor_name":"Netherlands","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010437","descriptor_name":"Peptic Ulcer","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011159","descriptor_name":"Population Surveillance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012494","descriptor_name":"Sampling Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012537","descriptor_name":"Scandinavian and Nordic Countries","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013315","descriptor_name":"Stress, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013557","descriptor_name":"Switzerland","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014505","descriptor_name":"Urban Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014943","descriptor_name":"Global Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016015","descriptor_name":"Logistic Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:10565621","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10565621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. Supplement","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"mag:44166479","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10565621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2167049439","https://openalex.org/W2135277301","https://openalex.org/W3022847054","https://openalex.org/W2102741422","https://openalex.org/W2157858810","https://openalex.org/W1986038117","https://openalex.org/W1512932157","https://openalex.org/W31246114","https://openalex.org/W3111638526","https://openalex.org/W2395728425"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1,148],"Domestic/International":[2],"Gastroenterology":[3],"Surveillance":[4],"Study":[5],"(DIGEST)":[6],"investigated":[7,64],"the":[8,22,66,77,116,133,154,196],"prevalence":[9,67],"and":[10,42,73,76,106,127,178,188],"economic/quality-of-life":[11],"impact":[12],"of":[13,25,68,104,156,163,171,184,198,215],"upper":[14,70,142,157,199],"gastrointestinal":[15],"(GI)":[16],"symptoms":[17,72,113,161,205],"over":[18],"3":[19,118,135],"months":[20,136],"among":[21],"general":[23],"population":[24],"seven":[26],"international":[27],"sites":[28],"(n":[29],"=":[30],"5581).":[31],"METHODS:":[32],"Respondents":[33],"were":[34,43,63,165],"classified":[35,45],"as":[36,46,212],"having":[37,47,89],"relevant":[38,69],"or":[39,53,112,211],"non-relevant":[40],"symptoms,":[41,55,159,201],"further":[44],"gastro-oesophageal":[48],"reflux":[49],"disease":[50],"(GORD)-,":[51],"ulcer-,":[52],"dysmotility-like":[54],"based":[56],"on":[57],"their":[58,189,216],"most":[59,149],"bothersome":[60],"symptom.":[61],"Associations":[62],"between":[65],"GI":[71,143,158,200],"these":[74,204],"subtypes,":[75],"following":[78],"potential":[79],"risk":[80,151],"factors:":[81],"psychosocial":[82],"variables":[83,100,110],"(income,":[84],"educational":[85],"level,":[86],"marital":[87],"status,":[88],"children,":[90],"occupation,":[91],"any":[92],"significant":[93],"life":[94,176],"event":[95],"during":[96],"previous":[97,117,134],"year);":[98],"lifestyle":[99],"(tobacco":[101],"use,":[102],"levels":[103],"alcohol":[105],"caffeine":[107],"consumption);":[108],"comorbidity":[109],"(illnesses":[111],"experienced":[114],"in":[115,132,207],"months,":[119],"concurrent":[120],"conditions":[121],"diagnosed":[122],"by":[123],"a":[124],"doctor,":[125],"prescriptions":[126],"over-the-counter":[128],"(OTC)":[129],"medications":[130],"taken":[131],"for":[137,153],"health":[138],"problems":[139],"other":[140,185],"than":[141],"symptoms).":[144],"RESULTS":[145],"AND":[146],"CONCLUSIONS:":[147],"notable":[150],"factors":[152],"occurrence":[155,197],"including":[160],"indicative":[162],"GORD,":[164],"found":[166,221],"to":[167,222],"be":[168,223],"various":[169],"indicators":[170],"psychological":[172],"stress":[173],"(particularly":[174],"recent":[175],"events)":[177],"psychiatric":[179],"disease.":[180],"A":[181],"wide":[182],"range":[183],"non-psychiatric":[186],"illnesses":[187,210],"treatments":[190],"was":[191,219],"also":[192,220],"clearly":[193],"associated":[194,224],"with":[195,203,225],"consistent":[202],"occurring":[206],"many":[208],"organic":[209],"adverse":[213],"effects":[214],"treatments.":[217],"Smoking":[218],"GORD-like":[226],"symptoms.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}