{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416640306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","title":"IEDS in practice: A comparative study of an intelli-embodied design space combining AR and GAI for conceptual design","display_name":"IEDS in practice: A comparative study of an intelli-embodied design space combining AR and GAI for conceptual design","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416640306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407047471","display_name":"Design and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"3050-7413","issn":["3050-7413"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Design and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461082","display_name":"Hongbo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5376-9460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5376-9460"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5376-9460","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yifei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7422-007X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7422-007X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7422-007X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058762433","display_name":"Pei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0962-6459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0962-6459"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0962-6459","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058762433"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"fwci":1.2054,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76968679,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"4","first_page":"100049","last_page":"100049"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.3495999872684479,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.3495999872684479,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.2897999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.13600000739097595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-design","display_name":"conceptual design","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"augmented reality","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-ai","display_name":"generative AI","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-interaction","display_name":"embodied interaction","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"embodied cognition","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-space","display_name":"design space","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-prototypes","display_name":"physical prototypes","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-productivity","display_name":"design productivity","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/designer-creativity","display_name":"designer creativity","score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-computer-interaction","display_name":"human-computer interaction","score":0.7450000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120208923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158435","display_name":"Conceptual design","level":2,"score":0.7272999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.6262999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6238999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.579800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5392000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184408114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502022","display_name":"Generative Design","level":3,"score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.4528000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.4293999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13854087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061656","display_name":"Interaction design","level":2,"score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.4106000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.37860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.37689998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120823896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043226","display_name":"Product design","level":3,"score":0.3481999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142778471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200670","display_name":"Design thinking","level":2,"score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161772715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136996","display_name":"User-centered design","level":2,"score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.2953000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179737136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5264382","display_name":"Design technology","level":2,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34972735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920267","display_name":"Engineering design process","level":2,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138852830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2292993","display_name":"Design methods","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144229578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3467934","display_name":"Design education","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776583511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1443933","display_name":"Design studio","level":3,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.260699987411499}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407047471","display_name":"Design and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"3050-7413","issn":["3050-7413"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Design and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daai.2025.100049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407047471","display_name":"Design and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"3050-7413","issn":["3050-7413"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Design and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6707501607","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFB3303301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W782933365","https://openalex.org/W2001552925","https://openalex.org/W2014656672","https://openalex.org/W2023015865","https://openalex.org/W2087641817","https://openalex.org/W2109917277","https://openalex.org/W2142393164","https://openalex.org/W2152364132","https://openalex.org/W2569738033","https://openalex.org/W2756907608","https://openalex.org/W2960703896","https://openalex.org/W3023921496","https://openalex.org/W3084912402","https://openalex.org/W4284884664","https://openalex.org/W4317513198","https://openalex.org/W4379645258","https://openalex.org/W4383682679","https://openalex.org/W4386041992","https://openalex.org/W4391242814","https://openalex.org/W4391421426"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conceptual":[0],"design":[1,13,20,44,61,88,95,208],"is":[2,83],"an":[3,103],"important":[4],"stage":[5],"in":[6,150],"product":[7],"development.":[8],"In":[9,129,157],"conceptual":[10,115,207],"design,":[11,116],"the":[12,19,41,76,151,184,192,215],"space":[14,45,62],"that":[15,63,146],"designers":[16,131,174],"face":[17],"and":[18,27,35,46,66,72,93,111,126,166,186,195,209],"materials":[21],"they":[22],"utilize":[23],"affect":[24],"their":[25],"perception":[26],"creation.":[28],"The":[29],"development":[30],"of":[31,43,198],"human-computer":[32],"interaction":[33,71,125],"(HCI)":[34],"artificial":[36,80],"intelligence":[37,81],"(AI)":[38],"technologies":[39,54],"expands":[40],"boundaries":[42],"materials.":[47],"On":[48,75],"one":[49],"hand,":[50,78],"augmented":[51],"reality":[52],"(AR)":[53],"are":[55],"being":[56],"utilized":[57],"to":[58,90,113,118,175,183,214],"create":[59],"a":[60,86,168,179],"merges":[64],"physical":[65,135,152],"virtual":[67,144],"representations,":[68],"facilitating":[69],"intuitive":[70],"embodied":[73,124],"cognition.":[74],"other":[77],"generative":[79,127],"(GAI)":[82],"employed":[84],"as":[85],"novel":[87],"material":[89],"enhance":[91,119],"creativity":[92],"boost":[94],"productivity.":[96],"Against":[97],"this":[98,100,158],"background,":[99],"study":[101,171],"explored":[102],"Intelli-Embodied":[104],"Design":[105],"Space":[106],"(IEDS)":[107],"combining":[108],"designers,":[109],"AR,":[110],"GAI":[112,139],"support":[114],"aiming":[117],"designers\u2019":[120],"thinking":[121],"by":[122],"superposing":[123],"variability.":[128],"IEDS,":[130],"can":[132,140,147],"interact":[133],"with":[134,172],"prototypes":[136],"intuitively,":[137],"while":[138],"refine":[141],"them":[142],"into":[143],"forms":[145],"be":[148],"embedded":[149],"world":[153],"through":[154],"AR":[155],"technology.":[156],"paper,":[159],"we":[160,190],"developed":[161],"three":[162],"potential":[163],"IEDS":[164],"systems":[165],"conducted":[167],"comparative":[169],"user":[170],"27":[173],"evaluate":[176],"it":[177],"from":[178],"practical":[180],"perspective.":[181],"According":[182],"qualitative":[185],"quantitative":[187],"experimental":[188],"results,":[189],"clarified":[191],"interactive":[193],"guidelines":[194],"best":[196],"practices":[197],"IEDS.":[199],"We":[200],"also":[201],"critically":[202],"discussed":[203],"IEDS\u2019s":[204],"influence":[205],"on":[206],"released":[210],"its":[211],"future":[212],"vision":[213],"HCI":[216],"community.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}
