{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416631150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032688831-3","title":"Hester as a New Religion in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter","display_name":"Hester as a New Religion in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416631150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032688831-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4324/9781032688831-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032688831-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032688831-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nineteenth-Century American Literature, Religion, and the Search for Grace","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416633080","display_name":"Nineteenth-Century American Literature, Religion, and the Search for Grace"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064340711","display_name":"Heather Ostman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-6169","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-6169"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heather Ostman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-6169","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064340711"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59220565,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"63","last_page":"92"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13174","display_name":"American and British Literature Analysis","score":0.9496999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13174","display_name":"American and British Literature Analysis","score":0.9496999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14494","display_name":"American Literature and Culture","score":0.03610000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14217","display_name":"American Literature and Humor Studies","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nathaniel-hawthorne","display_name":"Nathaniel Hawthorne","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-scarlet-letter","display_name":"The Scarlet Letter","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hester-prynne","display_name":"Hester Prynne","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grace","display_name":"grace","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redemption","display_name":"redemption","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religion-in-literature","display_name":"religion in literature","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/puritanism","display_name":"Puritanism","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nineteenth-century-american-religion","display_name":"nineteenth-century American religion","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biblical-parables","display_name":"biblical parables","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-religious-movements","display_name":"new religious movements","score":0.41499999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walt-whitman","display_name":"Walt Whitman","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolism","display_name":"symbolism","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critique-of-religion","display_name":"critique of religion","score":0.4309999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C551968917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5043","display_name":"Christianity","level":2,"score":0.23999999463558197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24667770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187","display_name":"Religious studies","level":1,"score":0.2320999950170517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.21690000593662262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33566652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065927","display_name":"Theme (computing)","level":2,"score":0.21559999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.21389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.21320000290870667}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4324/9781032688831-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032688831-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032688831-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nineteenth-Century American Literature, Religion, and the Search for Grace","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400168288","https://openalex.org/W2299755339","https://openalex.org/W6893146942","https://openalex.org/W7113414912","https://openalex.org/W2370398487","https://openalex.org/W2355357093","https://openalex.org/W7042752916","https://openalex.org/W4283384873","https://openalex.org/W2333585494","https://openalex.org/W2380470381"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"chapter":[1,44],"explores":[2],"one":[3],"of":[4,15,23,32,40,51,62,79,135,154,163,170,176],"Hawthorne\u2019s":[5,46],"best-known":[6],"works,":[7],"The":[8],"Scarlet":[9],"Letter":[10],"(1850),":[11],"using":[12],"close":[13],"readings":[14],"symbolism":[16],"and":[17,34,55,105,112,116,179],"doctrine":[18],"as":[19,25,27,152,157,160],"they":[20],"provide":[21],"critiques":[22],"religion":[24,54,75],"well":[26,158],"insights":[28],"into":[29],"the":[30,38,49,63,77,85,98,119,145,177],"possibilities":[31],"grace":[33,88,136],"redemption.":[35],"Building":[36],"on":[37],"study":[39],"Whitman\u2019s":[41],"work,":[42],"this":[43],"places":[45],"novel":[47],"in":[48,89,101,109,138,143],"context":[50],"nineteenth-century":[52],"American":[53],"its":[56],"shift":[57],"away":[58],"from":[59],"authoritative":[60],"notions":[61],"clergy.":[64],"But":[65],"like":[66],"Whitman,":[67],"Hawthorne":[68],"also":[69],"begins":[70],"to":[71,173],"outline":[72],"a":[73,161,164,168],"new":[74,165],"through":[76],"figure":[78,162],"Hester":[80,91,156],"Prynne.":[81],"Through":[82],"her":[83,110],"character,":[84],"author":[86],"demonstrates":[87],"action:":[90],"is":[92],"marginalized,":[93],"rejected,":[94],"but":[95],"needed":[96],"by":[97],"Puritan":[99],"community":[100,124,169],"which":[102,144],"she":[103,106,130],"lives,":[104],"never":[107],"falters":[108],"reverence":[111],"wonder":[113],"for":[114],"love":[115],"divinity":[117,166],"beyond":[118],"church":[120],"walls.":[121],"Despite":[122],"several":[123],"members\u2019":[125],"poor":[126],"behavior":[127],"toward":[128],"her,":[129],"consistently":[131],"models":[132,153],"biblical":[133],"instances":[134],"seen":[137],"Jesus\u2019":[139],"New":[140],"Testament":[141],"parables,":[142],"downtrodden":[146],"or":[147],"rejected":[148],"are":[149],"held":[150],"up":[151],"divinity.":[155],"emerges":[159],"amid":[167],"Puritans":[171],"clutching":[172],"outdated":[174],"interpretations":[175],"Bible":[178],"hiding":[180],"their":[181],"own":[182],"hypocrisies.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}