{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416616341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202541708010","title":"Evaluation of thermal performance of window materials for satellite payloads in low earth orbit (LEO)","display_name":"Evaluation of thermal performance of window materials for satellite payloads in low earth orbit (LEO)","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416616341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202541708010"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1051/matecconf/202541708010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202541708010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202541708010","pdf_url":"https://www.matec-conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2025/11/matecconf_rapdasa2025_08010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175061","display_name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","issn_l":"2261-236X","issn":["2261-236X","2274-7214"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319748","host_organization_name":"EDP Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319748","https://openalex.org/P4310319982"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EDP Sciences","Science Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.matec-conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2025/11/matecconf_rapdasa2025_08010.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008554509","display_name":"AM Baloyi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21360634","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05j00sr48","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137126","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad6kn10","country_code":"GH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66760702","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}],"countries":["GH","IN","ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Baloyi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Optronic Sensor Systems (OSS)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Optronic Sensor Systems (OSS)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21360634","https://openalex.org/I4210137126","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116595659","display_name":"Realeboga Dikole","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21360634","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05j00sr48","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137126","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad6kn10","country_code":"GH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66760702","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}],"countries":["GH","IN","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Realeboga Dikole","raw_affiliation_strings":["Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Optronic Sensor Systems (OSS)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Optronic Sensor Systems (OSS)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21360634","https://openalex.org/I4210137126","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000396935","display_name":"Shrikant Virendra Naidoo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21360634","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05j00sr48","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137126","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad6kn10","country_code":"GH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66760702","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}],"countries":["GH","IN","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shrikant Naidoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Optronic Sensor Systems (OSS)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Optronic Sensor Systems (OSS)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21360634","https://openalex.org/I4210137126","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120425514","display_name":"Rofhiwa Seletani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5692-4527","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5692-4527"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21360634","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05j00sr48","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137126","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad6kn10","country_code":"GH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137126"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66760702","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}],"countries":["GH","IN","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rofhiwa Seletani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Optronic Sensor Systems (OSS)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Optronic Sensor Systems (OSS)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21360634","https://openalex.org/I4210137126","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008554509"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21360634","https://openalex.org/I4210137126","https://openalex.org/I66760702"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36187408,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"417","issue":null,"first_page":"08010","last_page":"08010"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12449","display_name":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12449","display_name":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13312","display_name":"Mechanical and Thermal Properties Analysis","score":0.015799999237060547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14158","display_name":"Optical Systems and Laser Technology","score":0.012900000438094139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window-materials","display_name":"window materials","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-earth-orbit","display_name":"low Earth orbit","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-performance","display_name":"thermal performance","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-stress","display_name":"thermal stress","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-path-difference","display_name":"optical path difference","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-deformation","display_name":"thermal deformation","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fused-silica","display_name":"fused silica","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-expansion","display_name":"thermal expansion","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-cycling","display_name":"thermal cycling","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-radiation","display_name":"solar radiation","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-albedo","display_name":"Earth albedo","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared-radiation","display_name":"infrared radiation","score":0.8410000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7107999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018325918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663611","display_name":"Low earth orbit","level":3,"score":0.6646000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.5257999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195886398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110050","display_name":"Albedo (alchemy)","level":3,"score":0.43650001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.4284000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987528665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854845","display_name":"Earth observation satellite","level":3,"score":0.41999998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29829512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40218","display_name":"Spacecraft","level":2,"score":0.40869998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.3944000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2265751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332007","display_name":"Electromagnetic shielding","level":2,"score":0.3736000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51295201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757528","display_name":"Infrared window","level":3,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196644772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3884964","display_name":"Orbit (dynamics)","level":2,"score":0.349700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39399123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1348989","display_name":"Earth observation","level":3,"score":0.3345000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202572682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35273","display_name":"Optical telescope","level":3,"score":0.32109999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984335091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Thermal infrared","level":3,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154978347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1579577","display_name":"Geocentric orbit","level":3,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181762993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7572581","display_name":"Space environment","level":2,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31872934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417028","display_name":"Optical path","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89394759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192593","display_name":"Thermal radiation","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26148502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488752","display_name":"Earth (classical element)","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780443751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6786565","display_name":"Material selection","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151857401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640621","display_name":"Optical engineering","level":2,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1051/matecconf/202541708010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202541708010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202541708010","pdf_url":"https://www.matec-conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2025/11/matecconf_rapdasa2025_08010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175061","display_name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","issn_l":"2261-236X","issn":["2261-236X","2274-7214"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319748","host_organization_name":"EDP Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319748","https://openalex.org/P4310319982"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EDP Sciences","Science Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e9f959b977e1439d848967000ede5481","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e9f959b977e1439d848967000ede5481","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"MATEC Web of Conferences, Vol 417, p 08010 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1051/matecconf/202541708010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202541708010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202541708010","pdf_url":"https://www.matec-conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2025/11/matecconf_rapdasa2025_08010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175061","display_name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","issn_l":"2261-236X","issn":["2261-236X","2274-7214"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319748","host_organization_name":"EDP Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319748","https://openalex.org/P4310319982"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EDP Sciences","Science Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416616341.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416616341.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W235653491","https://openalex.org/W2128458777","https://openalex.org/W2890208943","https://openalex.org/W2951660206","https://openalex.org/W2991439769","https://openalex.org/W3152987902","https://openalex.org/W3163447843","https://openalex.org/W4402801269","https://openalex.org/W4414858147"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4407971014","https://openalex.org/W4414858147","https://openalex.org/W7140305948","https://openalex.org/W2351296562","https://openalex.org/W4413944492","https://openalex.org/W4402801269","https://openalex.org/W2578095215","https://openalex.org/W350592689","https://openalex.org/W276495749","https://openalex.org/W1982099003"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Selecting":[0],"the":[1,41,83,92,121],"appropriate":[2],"window":[3,69,104,131,173],"materials":[4,132],"for":[5,30,99,133,176,182],"use":[6],"in":[7],"space":[8],"products":[9],"such":[10,106],"as":[11,107],"Low":[12],"Earth":[13,146],"Orbit":[14],"(LEO)":[15],"satellite":[16,25,135,184],"optical":[17,26,42,136,185],"payloads":[18,27],"is":[19],"of":[20,124],"critical":[21],"importance.":[22],"Windows":[23],"on":[24],"are":[28,116],"essential":[29],"mission":[31],"success":[32],"and":[33,48,70,110,128,145,163,180],"functionality.":[34],"They":[35],"serve":[36],"a":[37,74],"dual":[38],"purpose:":[39],"shielding":[40],"instrument\u2019s":[43],"interior":[44],"from":[45],"environmental":[46],"hazards":[47],"physical":[49],"damage,":[50],"while":[51],"allowing":[52],"beneficial":[53],"radiation":[54],"to":[55,88,97,102,113,156],"pass":[56],"through,":[57],"ensuring":[58],"optimal":[59],"performance.":[60,94],"However,":[61],"temperature":[62],"gradients":[63],"can":[64],"deform":[65],"an":[66],"inherently":[67],"plane-parallel":[68],"turn":[71],"it":[72],"into":[73,82,172],"weak":[75],"meniscus,":[76],"introducing":[77],"Optical":[78],"Path":[79],"Difference":[80],"(OPD)":[81],"wavefront.":[84],"This":[85,118,167],"may":[86],"lead":[87],"defocusing,":[89],"thereby":[90],"reducing":[91],"payload\u2019s":[93],"Design":[95],"considerations":[96],"account":[98],"thermal":[100,122,165],"stresses":[101],"prevent":[103],"damages":[105],"\u201ccracking\u201d,":[108],"\u201ccrazing\u201d":[109],"\u201cdelamination\u201d":[111],"due":[112,155],"\u201cthermal":[114],"cycling\u201d":[115],"vital.":[117],"paper":[119],"analyses":[120],"performance":[123],"ULE":[125,149],"Corning":[126,150],"7972":[127,151],"Fused":[129,153],"Silica":[130,154],"LEO":[134,183],"payloads,":[137],"considering":[138],"solar":[139],"radiation,":[140],"Earth\u2019s":[141],"Albedo":[142],"(solar":[143],"reflection),":[144],"infrared":[147],"radiation.":[148],"outperformed":[152],"its":[157],"near-zero":[158],"CTE,":[159],"exhibiting":[160],"less":[161],"deformation":[162],"lower":[164],"stress.":[166],"analysis":[168],"offers":[169],"valuable":[170],"insights":[171],"material":[174],"selection":[175],"enhanced":[177],"reliability,":[178],"durability,":[179],"functionality":[181],"payloads.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}