{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416535845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/3004363","title":"Optimization of Lipid-Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for BBB Targeted Delivery of 2-PAM to the CNS","display_name":"Optimization of Lipid-Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for BBB Targeted Delivery of 2-PAM to the CNS","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416535845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/3004363"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/3004363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/3004363","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/3004363","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/3004363","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/3004363","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058582374","display_name":"Genesis Lopez\u2010Cazares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9360-6471","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9360-6471"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Genesis Lopez-Cazares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046743032","display_name":"Hemant Choudhary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-3080","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-3080"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hemant Choudhary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-3080","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028706964","display_name":"Jennifer Schwedler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Schwedler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044012875","display_name":"Christopher Sumner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Sumner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Livermore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Livermore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007202427","display_name":"Steven S. Branda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8763-1013","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8763-1013"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Branda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","Draper"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8763-1013","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Draper","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084352079","display_name":"Oscar A Negrete","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8281-4777","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8281-4777"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Negrete","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","Draper"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8281-4777","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Draper","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065294865","display_name":"Dina R. Weilhammer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-4702","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-4702"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dina Weilhammer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Livermore","Draper"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Livermore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Draper","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056376115","display_name":"Thomas J. Mulhern","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6437-6777","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6437-6777","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4061-777X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Mulhern","raw_affiliation_strings":["Draper"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Draper","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054458692","display_name":"Rebeccah J. Luu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4364-8985","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4364-8985"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebeccah Luu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Draper"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Draper","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052258825","display_name":"Jeffrey T. Borenstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4482-3274","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4482-3274"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Borenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Draper"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Draper","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10063","display_name":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10063","display_name":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10725","display_name":"RNA Interference and Gene Delivery","score":0.016499999910593033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":0.007699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier-targeting","display_name":"blood-brain barrier targeting","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-delivery-to-the-brain","display_name":"brain drug delivery","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-stranded-dna","display_name":"single-stranded DNA","score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-distribution","display_name":"tissue distribution","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-nanoparticles","display_name":"lipid nanoparticles","score":0.5809999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777496208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156473","display_name":"Mesoporous silica","level":4,"score":0.7159000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.527400016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.487199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.42829999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3346000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392806","display_name":"Drug delivery","level":2,"score":0.33309999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.24819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983812674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134808","display_name":"Delivery system","level":2,"score":0.23250000178813934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82776694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380049","display_name":"Mesoporous material","level":3,"score":0.2296999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.22910000383853912}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2172/3004363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/3004363","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/3004363","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/3004363","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)","raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/3004363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/3004363","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/3004363","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/3004363","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)","raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G11630931","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DENA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2214935549","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338291","funder_display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G413247060","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE\u2010NA,0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338291","funder_display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4903105778","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5339743583","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NA0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G855168022","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DENA-0003525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/03sk1we31"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338291","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416535845.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416535845.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401831383","https://openalex.org/W7020565796","https://openalex.org/W4291147620","https://openalex.org/W7134118658","https://openalex.org/W2886980356","https://openalex.org/W4297238087","https://openalex.org/W4412822861","https://openalex.org/W7165026664","https://openalex.org/W4318480239","https://openalex.org/W2915061251"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Methods":[1],"Future":[2],"Directions\u25aa":[3],"Use":[4],"ssDNA":[5],"to":[6,17,20],"evaluate":[7],"biodistribution":[8],"of":[9],"BBB-targeted":[10],"LC-MSNs":[11],"\u25aa":[12],"Continue":[13],"optimizing":[14],"lipid":[15],"formulations":[16],"improve":[18],"delivery":[19],"the":[21],"brain":[22],"or":[23],"seek":[24],"alternative":[25],"nanoparticle":[26],"platforms":[27],"that":[28],"show":[29],"improved":[30],"2-PAM":[31],"loading":[32],"and":[33,39],"BBB-targeting,":[34],"such":[35],"LNPs":[36],"Key":[37],"Results":[38],"Discussion":[40]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2025-11-23T00:00:00"}