{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416041237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","title":"Cloud-native causal AI for supply chain KPI monitoring: A GCP framework to diagnose out-of-stock events","display_name":"Cloud-native causal AI for supply chain KPI monitoring: A GCP framework to diagnose out-of-stock events","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416041237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201048","display_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","issn_l":"2666-8270","issn":["2666-8270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001837074","display_name":"Tarique Ameer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9126-0616","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9126-0616"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193619901","display_name":"Constructor University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yrs2n53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tarique Ameer","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Social & Decision Sciences, Constructor University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9126-0616","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Social & Decision Sciences, Constructor University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060042814","display_name":"Omid Fatahi Valilai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7087-6946","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7087-6946"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193619901","display_name":"Constructor University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yrs2n53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Omid Fatahi Valilai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Social & Decision Sciences, Constructor University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7087-6946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Social & Decision Sciences, Constructor University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060042814"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"],"apc_list":{"value":2340,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2340},"apc_paid":{"value":2340,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2340},"fwci":7.0846,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96636802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"100765","last_page":"100765"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.8457000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.8457000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.11050000041723251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14260","display_name":"Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and Society","score":0.03060000017285347,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain-management","display_name":"supply chain management","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/google-cloud-platform","display_name":"Google Cloud Platform","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"causal inference","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-dashboard","display_name":"real-time dashboard","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inventory-accuracy","display_name":"inventory accuracy","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-time","display_name":"lead time","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain-resilience","display_name":"supply chain resilience","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inventory-forecasting","display_name":"inventory forecasting","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-native-architecture","display_name":"cloud-native architecture","score":0.5550000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.7700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50601946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q962928","display_name":"Stockout","level":2,"score":0.7096999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6341000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192639820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1114469","display_name":"Supply chain risk management","level":5,"score":0.5719000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5295000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.5185999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.5063999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4713999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.446399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44104985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492886","display_name":"Supply chain management","level":3,"score":0.44449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.4293999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.42170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.4196999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.38850000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48840187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689042","display_name":"Service management","level":4,"score":0.3427000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.33719998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135510737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance indicator","level":2,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778397037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17083947","display_name":"Supply chain network","level":4,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22607594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5375150","display_name":"Enabling","level":2,"score":0.3003999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24338571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2566298","display_name":"Autoregressive integrated moving average","level":3,"score":0.296099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106033793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457332","display_name":"Ambidexterity","level":2,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178595485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1343909","display_name":"Bullwhip effect","level":4,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79897977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054568","display_name":"Causal chain","level":2,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2767350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6662173","display_name":"Business intelligence","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107666737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646107","display_name":"Value chain","level":3,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193809577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409300","display_name":"Demand forecasting","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778813691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369832","display_name":"Purchasing","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018434026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3761396","display_name":"Inventory management","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201048","display_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","issn_l":"2666-8270","issn":["2666-8270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:779225c8ca2848a3a17380263bc69789","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/779225c8ca2848a3a17380263bc69789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications, Vol 22, Iss , Pp 100765- (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201048","display_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","issn_l":"2666-8270","issn":["2666-8270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning with Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.8970999717712402}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992764832","https://openalex.org/W2090184979","https://openalex.org/W2115862882","https://openalex.org/W2145636832","https://openalex.org/W2339446221","https://openalex.org/W2473310496","https://openalex.org/W2806183606","https://openalex.org/W2947318417","https://openalex.org/W3124536214","https://openalex.org/W3160140580","https://openalex.org/W3178095612","https://openalex.org/W3186814946","https://openalex.org/W3198304671","https://openalex.org/W3202787434","https://openalex.org/W4200572326","https://openalex.org/W4206153996","https://openalex.org/W4246477977","https://openalex.org/W4285493316","https://openalex.org/W4361005448","https://openalex.org/W4380480144","https://openalex.org/W4385259605","https://openalex.org/W4390187383","https://openalex.org/W4401375614","https://openalex.org/W4401607227","https://openalex.org/W4402877193","https://openalex.org/W4404138424","https://openalex.org/W4405054864","https://openalex.org/W4405143940","https://openalex.org/W4408653618","https://openalex.org/W4409661613","https://openalex.org/W4409987938","https://openalex.org/W4410286933","https://openalex.org/W4411049975"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Effective":[0],"supply":[1,63,123,138],"chain":[2,64,124],"management":[3],"(SCM)":[4],"is":[5],"essential":[6],"for":[7,35,55,137],"ensuring":[8],"operational":[9],"efficiency,":[10],"cost":[11],"optimization,":[12],"and":[13,27,38,62,98,105,120,126,146,180],"customer":[14],"satisfaction.":[15],"In":[16],"an":[17,90],"increasingly":[18],"dynamic":[19],"business":[20],"environment,":[21],"the":[22,48,70,73],"integration":[23],"of":[24,50,75,78],"cloud":[25],"computing":[26],"Causal":[28,68,141],"Artificial":[29],"Intelligence":[30],"(AI)":[31],"presents":[32,89],"new":[33],"opportunities":[34],"value":[36],"creation":[37],"intelligent":[39],"decision-making.":[40],"This":[41,109],"study":[42],"proposes":[43],"a":[44],"framework":[45,71,130],"that":[46],"leverages":[47],"capabilities":[49],"Google\u00a9":[51],"Cloud":[52],"Platform":[53],"(GCP)":[54],"real-time":[56,96,134],"Key":[57],"Performance":[58],"Indicator":[59],"(KPI)":[60],"monitoring":[61],"analytics.":[65],"By":[66],"incorporating":[67],"AI,":[69],"enables":[72],"identification":[74],"underlying":[76],"causes":[77],"out-of-stock":[79],"(OOS)":[80],"situations,":[81],"rather":[82],"than":[83],"merely":[84],"observing":[85],"correlations.":[86],"The":[87],"research":[88],"end-to-end":[91],"architecture":[92],"combining":[93],"data":[94],"pipelines,":[95],"dashboards,":[97],"causal":[99,135,186],"inference":[100],"models":[101],"to":[102,114],"proactively":[103],"detect":[104],"address":[106],"OOS":[107],"risks.":[108],"integrated,":[110],"data-driven":[111],"approach":[112],"aims":[113],"improve":[115],"inventory":[116],"accuracy,":[117],"enhance":[118],"forecasting,":[119],"ultimately":[121],"strengthen":[122],"resilience":[125],"responsiveness.":[127],"\u2022":[128,140,153,166,177],"Cloud-native":[129],"on":[131,188],"GCP":[132],"delivers":[133],"analytics":[136],"chains.":[139],"AI":[142],"pinpoints":[143],"supplier":[144],"OTIF":[145,155],"lead-time":[147,168],"setup":[148],"as":[149],"dominant":[150],"stockout":[151,159,171],"drivers.":[152],"Improving":[154],"by":[156,161,173],"1%":[157],"lowers":[158],"risk":[160],"1.21%":[162],"across":[163],"test":[164],"data.":[165],"Requested":[167],"tuning":[169],"cuts":[170],"likelihood":[172],"11.7%,":[174],"boosting":[175],"resilience.":[176],"Forecast":[178],"accuracy":[179],"planner":[181],"overrides":[182],"showed":[183],"no":[184],"significant":[185],"effect":[187],"OOS.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-11-08T00:00:00"}
