{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415978604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429","title":"An Analytical Study to Improve the Efficiency of Waiting Lines in Government Institutions","display_name":"An Analytical Study to Improve the Efficiency of Waiting Lines in Government Institutions","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415978604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429","pdf_url":"https://journal.arimsi.or.id/index.php/Bilangan/article/download/429/602","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404661642","display_name":"Bilangan","issn_l":"3032-7113","issn":["3032-7113","3032-6389"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bilangan : Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Kebumian dan Angkasa","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://journal.arimsi.or.id/index.php/Bilangan/article/download/429/602","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120287651","display_name":"Zana Najm Abdullah Nasrallah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9353105","display_name":"Sudan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02fwtg066","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9353105"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zana Najm Abdullah Nasrallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sudan University of Science & Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sudan University of Science & Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9353105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119113796","display_name":"Khalid Rahamtalla Khedir","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9353105","display_name":"Sudan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02fwtg066","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9353105"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalid Rahamtalla Khedir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sudan University of Science & Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sudan University of Science & Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9353105"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060854530","display_name":"Mohammedelameen Eissa Qurashi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9353105","display_name":"Sudan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02fwtg066","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9353105"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammedelameen E. Qurashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sudan University of Science & Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sudan University of Science & Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9353105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9353105"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5333,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79185151,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"139","last_page":"157"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12687","display_name":"Public Administration in Developing Nations","score":0.9106000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12687","display_name":"Public Administration in Developing Nations","score":0.9106000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10154","display_name":"Customer Service Quality and Loyalty","score":0.03009999915957451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.02410000003874302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queues","display_name":"queues","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue-management","display_name":"queue management","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-institutions","display_name":"government institutions","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-service-efficiency","display_name":"public service efficiency","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waiting-time-reduction","display_name":"waiting time reduction","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beneficiary-satisfaction","display_name":"beneficiary satisfaction","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-quality","display_name":"service quality","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-payment-systems","display_name":"electronic payment systems","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-training","display_name":"employee training","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-monitoring","display_name":"performance monitoring","score":0.8569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26869875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2596417","display_name":"Beneficiary","level":2,"score":0.8118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6355999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777632111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1937518","display_name":"Reservation","level":2,"score":0.6173999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6171000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.5496000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5493000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.476500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140781008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221081","display_name":"Service quality","level":3,"score":0.42890000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780510313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178706","display_name":"Institution","level":2,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3172000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776983043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986008","display_name":"Payment system","level":3,"score":0.31139999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142546437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2661195","display_name":"Descriptive research","level":2,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31196326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257916","display_name":"Public institution","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778964270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7097774","display_name":"Operational efficiency","level":2,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191511416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q999278","display_name":"Customer satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71405471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757012","display_name":"Quality management","level":3,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780110086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161837","display_name":"Public service","level":2,"score":0.25609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109332788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q615445","display_name":"Economic efficiency","level":2,"score":0.25440001487731934}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429","pdf_url":"https://journal.arimsi.or.id/index.php/Bilangan/article/download/429/602","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404661642","display_name":"Bilangan","issn_l":"3032-7113","issn":["3032-7113","3032-6389"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bilangan : Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Kebumian dan Angkasa","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v3i1.429","pdf_url":"https://journal.arimsi.or.id/index.php/Bilangan/article/download/429/602","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404661642","display_name":"Bilangan","issn_l":"3032-7113","issn":["3032-7113","3032-6389"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bilangan : Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Kebumian dan Angkasa","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5378999710083008}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415978604.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415978604.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6983203987","https://openalex.org/W7020922213","https://openalex.org/W57043719","https://openalex.org/W4417505687","https://openalex.org/W2363624100","https://openalex.org/W3150765264","https://openalex.org/W4410565134","https://openalex.org/W4413779110","https://openalex.org/W2256304005","https://openalex.org/W6907143546"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,43,110],"aims":[2],"to":[3,140,150],"analyse":[4],"and":[5,30,39,51,60,75,86,95,128,134,147,157],"improve":[6,151],"the":[7,17,20,32,47,67,77,80,99,109,113,118,152,158],"efficiency":[8,68,78,153],"of":[9,22,34,57,69,79,93,101,115,154,160],"waiting":[10,70,84,155],"lines":[11,71,156],"in":[12,138],"government":[13],"institutions":[14],"by":[15,82],"identifying":[16],"reasons":[18],"for":[19,136,145],"length":[21],"these":[23,107],"lines,":[24],"using":[25],"modern":[26,122],"technology,":[27],"overcoming":[28],"obstacles,":[29],"evaluating":[31,148],"impact":[33],"improvements":[35],"on":[36,46,54,89,106],"beneficiary":[37,73],"satisfaction":[38,74],"service":[40],"quality.":[41],"The":[42,62],"is":[44,52],"based":[45,53],"descriptive":[48],"analytical":[49],"approach,":[50],"a":[55],"sample":[56],"300":[58],"employees":[59],"customers.":[61],"results":[63],"showed":[64],"that":[65],"improving":[66,117],"enhances":[72],"increases":[76],"institution":[81],"reducing":[83],"times":[85],"relieving":[87],"pressure":[88],"beneficiaries,":[90],"while":[91],"lack":[92],"resources":[94],"ineffective":[96],"technology":[97,123],"hinder":[98],"implementation":[100],"effective":[102,143],"management":[103],"strategies.":[104],"Based":[105],"results,":[108],"recommends":[111],"increasing":[112],"number":[114],"employees,":[116,137],"technical":[119],"infrastructure,":[120],"adopting":[121],"such":[124],"as":[125],"electronic":[126,129],"reservation":[127],"payment":[130],"systems,":[131],"enhancing":[132],"training":[133],"awareness":[135],"addition":[139],"establishing":[141],"an":[142],"system":[144],"monitoring":[146],"performance":[149],"quality":[159],"services":[161],"provided.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2025-11-07T00:00:00"}