{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415872378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23283335.118.3.4.14","title":"Cardiff: Illinois's Lost Mining Town","display_name":"Cardiff: Illinois's Lost Mining Town","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415872378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23283335.118.3.4.14"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5406/23283335.118.3.4.14","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23283335.118.3.4.14","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23283335.118.3.4.14","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223503","display_name":"Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1998-)","issn_l":"1522-1067","issn":["1522-1067","2328-3335"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315680","host_organization_name":"University of Illinois Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315680"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Illinois Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1998-)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018700982","display_name":"Greg Hall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-7504","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-7504"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Greg Hall","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018700982"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26504887,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"118","issue":"3-4","first_page":"176","last_page":"178"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12837","display_name":"American Environmental and Regional History","score":0.5791000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12837","display_name":"American Environmental and Regional History","score":0.5791000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14107","display_name":"Appalachian Studies and Mathematics","score":0.16850000619888306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12670","display_name":"Urbanism, Landscape, and Tourism Studies","score":0.09309999644756317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal-mining-cities","display_name":"coal mining towns","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ghost-towns","display_name":"ghost towns","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mining-communities","display_name":"mining communities","score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mining-explosions","display_name":"mine explosions","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mining-families","display_name":"miners' families","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saloon-car","display_name":"saloons","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseball","display_name":"baseball","score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-history","display_name":"local history","score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photographs","display_name":"photographs","score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-20th-century","display_name":"early 20th century","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-decline","display_name":"community decline","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/material-culture","display_name":"material culture","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-archaeology","display_name":"historical archaeology","score":0.6909999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108615695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12880211","display_name":"Coal mining","level":3,"score":0.6650999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776745293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7798302","display_name":"Thriving","level":2,"score":0.5968000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017653385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4128962","display_name":"Shut down","level":2,"score":0.5321999788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518851703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489","display_name":"Coal","level":2,"score":0.5117999911308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27070331","display_name":"Honor","level":2,"score":0.5078999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.4758000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.35420000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.3449000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84265765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193219","display_name":"Subsidy","level":2,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778416130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816741","display_name":"Porch","level":2,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126965237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816335","display_name":"Accidental","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16674752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370637","display_name":"Mining engineering","level":1,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206554765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83301","display_name":"Thunder","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5406/23283335.118.3.4.14","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23283335.118.3.4.14","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23283335.118.3.4.14","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223503","display_name":"Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1998-)","issn_l":"1522-1067","issn":["1522-1067","2328-3335"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315680","host_organization_name":"University of Illinois Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315680"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Illinois Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1998-)","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"most":[1],"people":[2,104,354],"think":[3,10],"of":[4,11,30,43,71,89,100,102,114,158,161,165,175,180,190,199,204,231,318,327,333,342,349,366,369,382,416,426,441,452,469,472,491,497,504,506,519,525,540,571,578,585,597,605,611],"a":[5,40,44,60,79,97,107,155,178,253,256,305,319,324,331,391,434,445,492,522,537,568,591,667],"ghost":[6],"town,":[7,194,329],"they":[8],"probably":[9],"an":[12,173,213,246,650],"abandoned":[13,37],"goldmining":[14],"town":[15,62,113,164,242,262,290,351,493,596,624,639],"in":[16,53,63,69,78,136,141,167,197,209,215,278,286,338,357,377,405,414,422,460,553,622,656,662,673],"the":[17,21,28,31,36,86,103,110,125,137,148,162,181,184,191,200,216,229,237,241,248,261,268,294,328,339,343,347,350,358,364,367,378,383,423,429,442,448,473,481,495,502,514,517,530,562,572,576,583,586,594,603,606,609,623,634,638,645,660],"American":[18],"West.":[19],"Once":[20],"gold":[22],"mine":[23,170,217,255,270,607],"is":[24,91,121,551,649,665],"exhausted,":[25],"miners":[26,299,408],"and":[27,35,49,132,193,239,260,274,300,303,315,352,411,455,467,488,564,608,640,659],"rest":[29],"town's":[32],"inhabitants":[33],"leave":[34],"buildings":[38],"are":[39,336,355,533],"ghostly":[41],"reminder":[42],"formerly":[45],"thriving":[46],"community.":[47],"Journalist":[48],"historian":[50],"Jim":[51],"Ridings,":[52],"Cardiff:":[54],"Illinois's":[55],"Lost":[56],"Mining":[57],"Town,":[58],"documents":[59],"vanished":[61],"Illinois":[64,658],"that":[65,235,335,361,402,479,516,613],"has":[66,95,590],"left":[67],"little":[68],"terms":[70],"structures,":[72],"though":[73,85,386],"artifacts":[74],"could":[75,388],"be":[76,390],"uncovered":[77],"future":[80],"historical":[81],"archeological":[82],"excavation.":[83],"Even":[84],"material":[87],"culture":[88],"Cardiff":[90,115,185,249,406,461,520,543,612,648],"currently":[92],"sparse,":[93],"Ridings":[94,120,403,475,581],"collected":[96],"rich":[98,156],"array":[99],"photographs":[101,401],"who":[105,277,555],"for":[106,298,670],"time":[108],"called":[109],"coal":[111,159,176,182,202,289],"mining":[112,677],"home.":[116,545],"Through":[117],"these":[118],"photographs,":[119,474],"able":[122],"to":[123,245,264,284,394,513,620,636,644,653],"present":[124,646],"community":[126],"during":[127],"its":[128,130,133,353,498,641],"beginnings,":[129],"prime,":[131],"steep":[134],"decline":[135],"early":[138],"twentieth":[139,384],"century.Cardiff,":[140],"Livingston":[142],"County,":[143],"Illinois,":[144],"sprung":[145],"up":[146,363,567,643],"after":[147,212],"White":[149],"Breast":[150],"Fuel":[151],"Coal":[152,186,250],"Company":[153,251],"discovered":[154],"vein":[157],"north":[160],"small":[163],"Campus":[166],"1899.":[168],"The":[169,188,288,399,599],"immediately":[171],"produced":[172],"abundance":[174],"by":[177,222],"subsidy":[179,192],"company,":[183],"Company.":[187],"name":[189],"Cardiff,":[195,205],"was":[196,373],"honor":[198],"abundant":[201],"region":[203],"Wales.":[206],"Production":[207],"stalled":[208],"1903,":[210],"however,":[211],"explosion":[214,224],"killed":[218],"three":[219],"miners,":[220,276],"followed":[221],"another":[223],"several":[225,579],"days":[226],"later":[227,259],"taking":[228],"lives":[230],"more":[232],"miners.":[233],"Although":[234],"brought":[236,281],"mine,":[238],"seemingly":[240],"as":[243,267,293,462,464,574,625],"well,":[244],"end,":[247],"established":[252,304],"second":[254],"few":[257],"months":[258],"began":[263,614],"grow":[265],"again":[266],"new":[269],"proved":[271],"quite":[272,511],"productive":[273],"attracted":[275],"many":[279,359,418,471,505,547],"instances":[280],"their":[282,301,427,456,544],"families":[283,302,457,618],"settle":[285],"Cardiff.":[287],"developed":[291],"quickly":[292],"company":[295],"built":[296],"homes":[297],"dry":[306],"goods":[307],"store;":[308],"saloons":[309],"followed,":[310],"along":[311,438],"with":[312,330,439,602],"banks,":[313],"schools,":[314],"other":[316,489],"attributes":[317,490],"Midwestern":[320],"town.Ridings's":[321],"narrative":[322],"provides":[323,404,476],"concise":[325],"history":[326,584,642],"variety":[332],"stories":[334],"grounded":[337],"lived":[340],"experience":[341],"townsfolk.":[344],"More":[345],"importantly,":[346],"vibrancy":[348],"reflected":[356],"pictures":[360],"make":[362,566],"majority":[365],"pages":[368],"Ridings's":[370,630],"history.":[371,499,678],"Photography":[372],"becoming":[374],"fairly":[375],"common":[376],"first":[379],"two":[380],"decades":[381],"century,":[385],"it":[387,509,626],"still":[389],"special":[392],"occasion":[393],"have":[395],"one's":[396],"photo":[397],"taken.":[398],"surviving":[400],"depict":[407],"at":[409,412,447],"work":[410],"leisure":[413],"one":[415],"Cardiff's":[417],"saloons;":[419],"schoolchildren":[420],"smiling":[421],"group":[424],"photos":[425,440],"class;":[428],"local":[430],"baseball":[431,449],"team":[432,435,443],"having":[433],"picture":[436],"taken":[437],"playing":[444],"game":[446],"field.":[450],"Photos":[451],"wedding":[453],"partners":[454],"appear":[458],"frequently":[459],"well":[463,534],"individual":[465],"portraits":[466],"those":[468,507,554,671],"couples.For":[470],"extensive":[477],"captions":[478],"describe":[480],"individuals,":[482],"associates,":[483],"workmates,":[484],"classmates,":[485],"families,":[486],"businesses,":[487],"over":[494],"course":[496,577],"By":[500],"noting":[501],"birthplaces":[503],"photographed,":[508],"becomes":[510],"clear":[512],"reader":[515],"population":[518,573],"had":[521],"good":[523],"deal":[524],"ethnic":[526],"diversity.":[527],"Immigrants":[528],"from":[529,557,561],"British":[531],"Isles":[532],"represented.":[535],"However,":[536],"surprising":[538],"number":[539],"Italians":[541],"made":[542],"In":[546],"instances,":[548],"chain":[549],"migration":[550],"evident":[552],"arrived":[556],"overseas.":[558],"Native-born":[559],"Americans":[560],"Northeast":[563],"Midwest":[565,661],"substantial":[569],"portion":[570],"well.Over":[575],"chapters,":[580],"narrates":[582],"town.":[587],"He":[588],"also":[589,666],"chapter":[592,632],"on":[593],"nearby":[595],"Campus.":[598],"book":[600,652,669],"concludes":[601],"closing":[604],"depopulation":[610],"almost":[615],"immediately.":[616],"Nevertheless,":[617],"continued":[619],"live":[621],"slowly":[627],"ebbed":[628],"away.":[629],"final":[631],"explains":[633],"efforts":[635],"remember":[637],"day.":[647],"accessible":[651],"readers":[654],"interested":[655,672],"smalltown":[657],"general.":[663],"It":[664],"useful":[668],"labor":[674],"history,":[675],"particularly":[676]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-21T07:43:02.447757","created_date":"2025-11-04T00:00:00"}
