{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415831765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","title":"Analysis Of Risk Factors Associated With Early Childhood Caries","display_name":"Analysis Of Risk Factors Associated With Early Childhood Caries","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415831765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143937555","display_name":"International Dental Journal","issn_l":"0020-6539","issn":["0020-6539","1875-595X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Dental Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yuke Shang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140274","display_name":"Jinan Stomatological Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03j2mew82","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuke Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jinan Stomatological Hospital, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jinan Stomatological Hospital, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140274"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140274"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32993709,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":null,"first_page":"104390","last_page":"104390"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10257","display_name":"Oral microbiology and periodontitis research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13770","display_name":"Pediatric health and respiratory diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-childhood-caries","display_name":"early childhood caries","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-caries-risk-factors","display_name":"caries risk factors","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cariostat","display_name":"Cariostat","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-plaque","display_name":"dental plaque","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dmfs-index","display_name":"DMFS index","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caregiver-education-level","display_name":"caregiver education level","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pacifier-use","display_name":"pacifier use","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-hygiene-habits","display_name":"oral hygiene habits","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-children","display_name":"preschool children","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-caries-prevention","display_name":"dental caries prevention","score":0.48500001430511475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8432000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780739003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2005391","display_name":"Early childhood caries","level":3,"score":0.7301999926567078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515851188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13445028","display_name":"Oral hygiene","level":2,"score":0.7182999849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202712171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152596","display_name":"Pacifier","level":3,"score":0.6413999795913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5085999965667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.4860999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992672162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Oral health","level":2,"score":0.424699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777082460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3377398","display_name":"Early childhood","level":2,"score":0.34769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.3386000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547646559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162297","display_name":"Hygiene","level":2,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.3278000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779914569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143504","display_name":"Dental plaque","level":2,"score":0.32179999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992547766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7099387","display_name":"Oral examination","level":3,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017928565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076052","display_name":"Pre school","level":2,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Statistical significance","level":2,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188126409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641973","display_name":"Dentition","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781031783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93935","display_name":"Tooth brushing","level":4,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986834420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5932254","display_name":"Age groups","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779425982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2323264","display_name":"Generation R","level":3,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143937555","display_name":"International Dental Journal","issn_l":"0020-6539","issn":["0020-6539","1875-595X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Dental Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:633fe3a459774c27a12cfd5b0251fad3","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/633fe3a459774c27a12cfd5b0251fad3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Dental Journal, Vol 75, Iss , Pp 104390- (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.104390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143937555","display_name":"International Dental Journal","issn_l":"0020-6539","issn":["0020-6539","1875-595X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Dental Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"explore":[1],"the":[2,66,117,121,124,131,145,179,207,221,235],"risk":[3,109,157,200,236],"factors":[4,143,201],"related":[5],"to":[6,31],"Early":[7],"Childhood":[8],"Caries":[9],"(ECC)":[10],"through":[11],"oral":[12,27,53,190,214],"examinations,":[13],"questionnaire":[14],"on":[15],"children":[16,40,51,67,170],"aged":[17,41],"3":[18,42],"-":[19,43,57,59,73,81,87,92,156,161,164,168,209],"5,":[20],"and":[21,50,65,89,130,166,193],"caries":[22,72,82,93,102,149,160,169,205],"activity":[23,103,212],"detection":[24,223],"by":[25],"collecting":[26],"plaque,":[28],"so":[29],"as":[30,228],"provide":[32],"a":[33,71,79,90,140,187,194,229],"reference":[34],"for":[35,100,196,202,233],"its":[36],"early":[37],"prevention.":[38],"733":[39],"5":[44],"were":[45,68,142],"selected.":[46],"Parents":[47],"completed":[48],"questionnaires":[49],"received":[52],"examinations.":[54],"The":[55,151],"decayed":[56],"missing":[58],"filled":[60],"surface":[61],"(dmfs)":[62],"was":[63,98],"recorded":[64],"divided":[69],"into":[70],"free":[74],"group":[75,83,94],"(dmfs":[76,84],"=":[77,85],"0),":[78],"low":[80,163,175],"1":[86],"4),":[88],"high":[91,155,167],"(dmfs>4).":[95],"Oral":[96],"plaque":[97,215],"collected":[99],"Cariostat":[101,154,222],"detection.":[104],"Statistical":[105],"analysis":[106],"determined":[107],"ECC":[108],"factors.":[110],"This":[111],"study":[112],"found":[113],"that":[114,220],"age,":[115],"gender,":[116],"educational":[118,176],"level":[119,177],"of":[120,126,133,147,153,178,213,237],"main":[122,180],"caregiver,":[123,181],"frequency":[125],"eating":[127],"sweet":[128,197],"snacks,":[129],"habits":[132],"drinking":[134,182],"night":[135,183],"milk":[136],"or":[137],"sleeping":[138,185],"with":[139,186],"pacifier":[141],"affecting":[144],"severity":[146],"children's":[148],"(P<0.05).":[150],"proportion":[152],"results":[158],"in":[159],"free,":[162],"caries,":[165],"increased":[171],"successively":[172],"(P<0.001).":[173],"A":[174],"milk,":[184],"pacifier,":[188],"poor":[189],"hygiene":[191],"habits,":[192],"preference":[195],"foods":[198],"are":[199],"ECC.":[203,238],"As":[204],"progresses,":[206],"acid":[208],"producing":[210],"metabolic":[211],"microorganisms":[216],"increases,":[217],"further":[218],"confirming":[219],"value":[224],"can":[225],"be":[226],"used":[227],"potential":[230],"biological":[231],"indicator":[232],"assessing":[234]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2025-11-04T00:00:00"}
