{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415769822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","title":"Ultrasound-transparent neural interfaces for multimodal interaction","display_name":"Ultrasound-transparent neural interfaces for multimodal interaction","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415769822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41625780","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12851935"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-025-00517-1_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223376","display_name":"npj Flexible Electronics","issn_l":"2397-4621","issn":["2397-4621"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Flexible Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-025-00517-1_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093468287","display_name":"Raphael Panskus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5197-0134","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5197-0134"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134425","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration","ror":"https://ror.org/031aqk326","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["DE","NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Raphael Panskus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","Department of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","Dept. of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","Dept. of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082035554","display_name":"Andrada Iulia Velea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6687-4423","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6687-4423"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134425","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration","ror":"https://ror.org/031aqk326","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["DE","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrada Iulia Velea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","Department of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","Dept. of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","Dept. of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042404248","display_name":"Lukas Holzapfel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8245-1195","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8245-1195"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134425","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration","ror":"https://ror.org/031aqk326","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukas Holzapfel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","Dept. of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017765214","display_name":"Christos Pavlou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7345-161X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7345-161X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Pavlou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","Dept. of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090410539","display_name":"Q P Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1295801184","display_name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience","ror":"https://ror.org/05csn2x06","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295801184","https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","display_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/043c0p156","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295801184","https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025532209","display_name":"Chaoyi Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7563-2630","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7563-2630"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1295801184","display_name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience","ror":"https://ror.org/05csn2x06","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295801184","https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","display_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/043c0p156","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaoyi Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295801184","https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106211321","display_name":"Flora Nelissen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5478-8283","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5478-8283"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1295801184","display_name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience","ror":"https://ror.org/05csn2x06","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295801184","https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","display_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/043c0p156","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Flora Nelissen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295801184","https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079082755","display_name":"Rick Waasdorp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6538","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6538"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rick Waasdorp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","Dept. of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043042728","display_name":"David Maresca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-6406","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-6406"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Maresca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","Dept. of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068621961","display_name":"Valeria Gazzola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0324-0619","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0324-0619"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1295801184","display_name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience","ror":"https://ror.org/05csn2x06","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295801184","https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","display_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/043c0p156","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valeria Gazzola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295801184","https://openalex.org/I1322597698"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077686814","display_name":"Vasiliki Giagka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0822-2121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0822-2121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134425","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration","ror":"https://ror.org/031aqk326","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["DE","NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vasiliki Giagka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","Department of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","Dept. of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","Dept. of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077686814","https://openalex.org/A5093468287"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134425","https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":{"value":4090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4090},"apc_paid":{"value":4090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4090},"fwci":4.9092,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93630024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"15","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10958","display_name":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-interfaces","display_name":"neural interfaces","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-ultrasound-imaging","display_name":"functional ultrasound imaging","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-transparency","display_name":"acoustic transparency","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexible-neural-interfaces","display_name":"flexible neural interfaces","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focused-ultrasound-surgery","display_name":"focused ultrasound therapy","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-simulation","display_name":"acoustic simulation","score":0.4690000116825104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6247000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.5608999729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.49549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780910867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952416","display_name":"Multimodality","level":2,"score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.40209999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989478337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Ultrasonic imaging","level":3,"score":0.39809998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.36410000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985948822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q564897","display_name":"Focused ultrasound","level":3,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.33570000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3328999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908765479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431093","display_name":"Neural Prosthesis","level":2,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984127161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q969316","display_name":"Neural activity","level":2,"score":0.33180001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779727089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q564875","display_name":"Therapeutic ultrasound","level":3,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.3158000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986892559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Ultrasound imaging","level":3,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778648169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967768","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.289900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777690781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324974","display_name":"Elastography","level":3,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168451700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1306528","display_name":"Neural engineering","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":9,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-025-00517-1_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223376","display_name":"npj Flexible Electronics","issn_l":"2397-4621","issn":["2397-4621"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Flexible Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1101/2025.07.14.664713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.14.664713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.14.664713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11657606","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12851935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:41625780","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41625780","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Npj flexible electronics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12851935","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12851935/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Npj Flex Electron","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.knaw.nl:openaire/533d2ec5-7577-40ae-b923-b7b99af1d1a8","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.knaw.nl/portal/en/publications/533d2ec5-7577-40ae-b923-b7b99af1d1a8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400439","display_name":"KNAW Research Portal (The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Panskus, R, Velea, A I, Holzapfel, L, Pavlou, C, Li, Q, Qin, C, Nelissen, F, Waasdorp, R, Maresca, D, Gazzola, V & Giagka, V 2026, 'Ultrasound-transparent neural interfaces for multimodal interaction', Npj flexible electronics, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:076f91f9cebc4f33a8aac8476f391b9b","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/076f91f9cebc4f33a8aac8476f391b9b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"npj Flexible Electronics, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/521599","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/521599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"doi:10.24406/publica-9663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-9663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-9663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41528-025-00517-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41528-025-00517-1_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210223376","display_name":"npj Flexible Electronics","issn_l":"2397-4621","issn":["2397-4621"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Flexible Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.504800021648407}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7420802391","display_name":"The Dutch Brain Interfaces Initiative (DBI2)","funder_award_id":"024.005.022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321773","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/05hkkdn48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322225","display_name":"Link\u00f6pings Universitet","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331607","display_name":"Medical Delta","ror":"https://ror.org/015vnez28"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337666","display_name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415769822.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415769822.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":100,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15581488","https://openalex.org/W359843884","https://openalex.org/W1971126254","https://openalex.org/W1976682289","https://openalex.org/W1980760206","https://openalex.org/W1984091307","https://openalex.org/W1988285441","https://openalex.org/W1990415058","https://openalex.org/W1996721999","https://openalex.org/W2003642903","https://openalex.org/W2005105942","https://openalex.org/W2078231187","https://openalex.org/W2114838816","https://openalex.org/W2116641710","https://openalex.org/W2118236587","https://openalex.org/W2135295464","https://openalex.org/W2161065218","https://openalex.org/W2167287337","https://openalex.org/W2289031597","https://openalex.org/W2398362436","https://openalex.org/W2523418355","https://openalex.org/W2580767461","https://openalex.org/W2605955043","https://openalex.org/W2754401101","https://openalex.org/W2769364324","https://openalex.org/W2790027452","https://openalex.org/W2793134512","https://openalex.org/W2802200366","https://openalex.org/W2806095724","https://openalex.org/W2807439699","https://openalex.org/W2890748701","https://openalex.org/W2902574161","https://openalex.org/W2904230648","https://openalex.org/W2920339115","https://openalex.org/W2944853512","https://openalex.org/W2964820382","https://openalex.org/W2965735997","https://openalex.org/W2982587194","https://openalex.org/W2998187131","https://openalex.org/W3013313006","https://openalex.org/W3015809619","https://openalex.org/W3032550041","https://openalex.org/W3035138937","https://openalex.org/W3040398531","https://openalex.org/W3046705683","https://openalex.org/W3085272644","https://openalex.org/W3092954212","https://openalex.org/W3127390273","https://openalex.org/W3136129142","https://openalex.org/W3160162593","https://openalex.org/W3162387100","https://openalex.org/W3165215994","https://openalex.org/W3204066063","https://openalex.org/W3204183205","https://openalex.org/W3209754375","https://openalex.org/W3212539261","https://openalex.org/W3213274655","https://openalex.org/W3217081422","https://openalex.org/W4200573419","https://openalex.org/W4205740463","https://openalex.org/W4213414111","https://openalex.org/W4224311744","https://openalex.org/W4229439220","https://openalex.org/W4248763740","https://openalex.org/W4285729663","https://openalex.org/W4293796941","https://openalex.org/W4294125573","https://openalex.org/W4308366336","https://openalex.org/W4308697934","https://openalex.org/W4311848738","https://openalex.org/W4312221362","https://openalex.org/W4313397009","https://openalex.org/W4313574457","https://openalex.org/W4316511358","https://openalex.org/W4317934153","https://openalex.org/W4323321861","https://openalex.org/W4366498353","https://openalex.org/W4376602278","https://openalex.org/W4377022964","https://openalex.org/W4378905435","https://openalex.org/W4385957983","https://openalex.org/W4388047382","https://openalex.org/W4391603711","https://openalex.org/W4391604901","https://openalex.org/W4392091326","https://openalex.org/W4394819461","https://openalex.org/W4394948471","https://openalex.org/W4399118424","https://openalex.org/W4399822994","https://openalex.org/W4401100202","https://openalex.org/W4405528589","https://openalex.org/W4406002696","https://openalex.org/W4406221980","https://openalex.org/W4410191438","https://openalex.org/W4410384653","https://openalex.org/W4411401803","https://openalex.org/W4412695843","https://openalex.org/W4414702234","https://openalex.org/W7082994115","https://openalex.org/W7138880467"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4413835592","https://openalex.org/W4293251370","https://openalex.org/W7202300305","https://openalex.org/W4377022964","https://openalex.org/W4286256369","https://openalex.org/W7221424180","https://openalex.org/W7167809558","https://openalex.org/W4403879224","https://openalex.org/W3215961692","https://openalex.org/W4399118424"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Neural":[0],"interfaces":[1,57,88,161],"that":[2,58,101],"unify":[3],"diagnostic":[4,164],"and":[5,16,37,72,84,117,132,165,172],"therapeutic":[6,146,166],"functionalities":[7],"hold":[8],"particular":[9],"promise":[10],"for":[11,30,155],"advancing":[12],"both":[13,169],"fundamental":[14],"neuroscience":[15],"clinical":[17],"neurotechnology.":[18],"Functional":[19],"ultrasound":[20,45,103,148],"imaging":[21],"(fUSI)":[22],"has":[23],"recently":[24],"emerged":[25],"as":[26],"a":[27,70,124,153],"powerful":[28],"modality":[29],"high-resolution,":[31],"non-invasive":[32],"monitoring":[33],"of":[34,123,142,158],"brain":[35],"function":[36],"structure.":[38],"However,":[39],"conventional":[40],"metal-based":[41],"microelectrodes":[42],"typically":[43],"impede":[44],"propagation,":[46],"limiting":[47],"compatibility":[48],"with":[49,162],"fUSI.":[50],"Here,":[51],"we":[52,97,137],"present":[53],"flexible,":[54],"ultrasound-transparent":[55],"neural":[56,87,107,160],"retain":[59],"practical":[60],"metal":[61],"thicknesses":[62],"while":[63],"achieving":[64],"high":[65],"acoustic":[66,121],"transparency.":[67],"We":[68,109],"introduce":[69],"theoretical":[71],"simulation-based":[73],"framework":[74],"to":[75,145],"investigate":[76],"the":[77,120,139,156],"conditions":[78],"under":[79],"which":[80],"commonly":[81],"used":[82],"polymers":[83],"metals":[85],"in":[86,130,133],"can":[89],"become":[90],"acoustically":[91],"transparent.":[92],"Based":[93],"on":[94],"these":[95],"insights,":[96],"propose":[98],"design":[99],"guidelines":[100],"maximise":[102],"transmission":[104],"through":[105,114],"soft":[106],"interfaces.":[108],"experimentally":[110],"validate":[111],"our":[112],"approach":[113,144],"immersion":[115],"experiments":[116],"by":[118],"demonstrating":[119],"transparency":[122],"suitably":[125],"engineered":[126],"interface":[127],"using":[128],"fUSI":[129],"phantom":[131],"vivo":[134],"experiments.":[135],"Finally,":[136],"discuss":[138],"potential":[140],"extension":[141],"this":[143],"focused":[147],"(FUS).":[149],"This":[150],"work":[151],"establishes":[152],"foundation":[154],"development":[157],"multimodal":[159],"enhanced":[163],"capabilities,":[167],"enabling":[168],"scientific":[170],"discovery":[171],"translational":[173],"impact.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2025-11-02T00:00:00"}