{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415769801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.15.665015","title":"Stepwise Ligand Capture Primes PKR for Activation and RNA Discrimination","display_name":"Stepwise Ligand Capture Primes PKR for Activation and RNA Discrimination","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415769801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.15.665015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2025.07.15.665015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.15.665015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.15.665015","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/07/18/2025.07.15.665015.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/07/18/2025.07.15.665015.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101556828","display_name":"Chong Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8125-4090","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8125-4090"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121447","display_name":"Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02rrdvm96","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210121447"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chong Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121447","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100369770","display_name":"Chen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-1253","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-1253"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121447","display_name":"Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02rrdvm96","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210121447"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121447","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033845481","display_name":"Yi-Feng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5111-8565","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5111-8565"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121447","display_name":"Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02rrdvm96","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210121447"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Feng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121447","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067690911","display_name":"Ming Rao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121447","display_name":"Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02rrdvm96","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210121447"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121447","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100745206","display_name":"Ling\u2010Ling Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-0305","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-0305"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121447","display_name":"Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02rrdvm96","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210121447"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ling-Ling Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","Shanghai Academy of Natural Sciences (SANS), Shanghai 200031, China","State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-0305","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Academy of Natural Sciences (SANS), Shanghai 200031, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121447","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055685901","display_name":"Jiaquan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6206-3742","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6206-3742"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121447","display_name":"Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02rrdvm96","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210121447"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiaquan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation, Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121447","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055685901","https://openalex.org/A5100745206"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I4210121447","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11668","display_name":"interferon and immune responses","score":0.9096999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11668","display_name":"interferon and immune responses","score":0.9096999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.020999999716877937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10604","display_name":"RNA Research and Splicing","score":0.01720000058412552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pkr","display_name":"PKR","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dsrna-binding-domain","display_name":"dsRNA-binding domain","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-immunity","display_name":"innate immunity","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinase-activation","display_name":"kinase activation","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinase-dimerization","display_name":"kinase dimerization","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rna-ligand-binding","display_name":"RNA-ligand binding","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rna-duplex-structure","display_name":"RNA duplex structure","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rna-bulge","display_name":"RNA bulge","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rna-loops","display_name":"RNA loops","score":0.5839999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161238802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14905690","display_name":"Protein kinase R","level":5,"score":0.7247999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67705224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053","display_name":"RNA","level":3,"score":0.6474000215530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.5734999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116569031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899107","display_name":"Ligand (biochemistry)","level":3,"score":0.560699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.5601000189781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184235292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421851","display_name":"Kinase","level":2,"score":0.5394999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5146999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.4341999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.43309998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97029542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q281417","display_name":"Protein kinase A","level":3,"score":0.41119998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145059251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310899","display_name":"microRNA","level":3,"score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777479484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5323131","display_name":"EIF-2 kinase","level":5,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3736000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41282012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3928341","display_name":"RNA-binding protein","level":4,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.3515999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.3443000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422816","display_name":"Enzyme activator","level":3,"score":0.32409998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.32109999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53645450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907093","display_name":"Scaffold protein","level":3,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174510640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489618","display_name":"HEK 293 cells","level":3,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51639874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167149","display_name":"Plasma protein binding","level":2,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018252375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune recognition","level":3,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165864922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411391","display_name":"Regulation of gene expression","level":3,"score":0.287200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11960822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242736","display_name":"Phosphorylation","level":2,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166703698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201993","display_name":"RNA interference","level":4,"score":0.2676999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127561419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224527","display_name":"Downregulation and upregulation","level":3,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1101/2025.07.15.665015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.15.665015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.15.665015","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/07/18/2025.07.15.665015.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2025.07.15.665015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.15.665015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.15.665015","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/07/18/2025.07.15.665015.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415769801.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415769801.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1759060244","https://openalex.org/W1878018656","https://openalex.org/W1917154329","https://openalex.org/W1957031262","https://openalex.org/W1983626257","https://openalex.org/W1996343605","https://openalex.org/W1999196709","https://openalex.org/W2001464207","https://openalex.org/W2014851246","https://openalex.org/W2018384209","https://openalex.org/W2019110917","https://openalex.org/W2030180346","https://openalex.org/W2034632760","https://openalex.org/W2041344749","https://openalex.org/W2042433752","https://openalex.org/W2057628686","https://openalex.org/W2058333349","https://openalex.org/W2060428113","https://openalex.org/W2061420374","https://openalex.org/W2062961793","https://openalex.org/W2071423255","https://openalex.org/W2082542737","https://openalex.org/W2084813596","https://openalex.org/W2098624952","https://openalex.org/W2111793830","https://openalex.org/W2120224547","https://openalex.org/W2128958139","https://openalex.org/W2134016462","https://openalex.org/W2152442180","https://openalex.org/W2275043758","https://openalex.org/W2442115625","https://openalex.org/W2551721425","https://openalex.org/W2583253258","https://openalex.org/W2889300844","https://openalex.org/W2913776187","https://openalex.org/W2913822211","https://openalex.org/W2942134847","https://openalex.org/W2949333448","https://openalex.org/W2950333273","https://openalex.org/W2959337653","https://openalex.org/W3014677172","https://openalex.org/W3154742993","https://openalex.org/W4200435560","https://openalex.org/W4249314429","https://openalex.org/W4290725198","https://openalex.org/W4300960226","https://openalex.org/W4380089158","https://openalex.org/W4387343457","https://openalex.org/W4395041513","https://openalex.org/W4399471091","https://openalex.org/W4401387296","https://openalex.org/W4401564102","https://openalex.org/W4409178734","https://openalex.org/W4409263929","https://openalex.org/W4409412628"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Protein":[1],"Kinase":[2],"R":[3],"(PKR)":[4],"triggers":[5],"the":[6,46,93],"innate":[7],"immune":[8],"response":[9],"upon":[10],"detecting":[11],"double-stranded":[12],"RNAs":[13,134],"(dsRNAs).":[14],"Its":[15],"kinase":[16,102],"activity":[17],"is":[18],"controlled":[19],"by":[20],"two":[21],"dsRNA-binding":[22],"domains":[23],"(dsRBDs),":[24],"yet":[25],"how":[26],"these":[27],"dsRBDs":[28,47],"operate":[29],"during":[30],"RNA":[31,63],"ligand":[32,52],"recognition":[33],"and":[34,56,104,110,148],"downstream":[35],"signaling":[36],"remains":[37],"unresolved.":[38],"Here,":[39],"we":[40],"uncover":[41],"an":[42],"unexpected":[43],"interplay":[44],"between":[45],"that":[48,128],"orchestrates":[49],"a":[50,80,98,123,140],"two-step":[51],"sampling,":[53],"ensuring":[54],"accurate":[55],"efficient":[57],"PKR":[58,130],"activation.":[59],"dsRBD1":[60],"surveys":[61],"all":[62],"duplexes":[64,116],"through":[65],"one-dimensional":[66],"diffusion":[67],"but":[68],"dissociates":[69],"within":[70],"milliseconds":[71],"to":[72,131,143],"minimize":[73],"background":[74],"signaling,":[75],"while":[76],"dsRBD2-RNA":[77],"binding":[78],"plays":[79],"key":[81],"role":[82],"in":[83,114],"fostering":[84],"kinase-kinase":[85],"interactions.":[86],"Upon":[87],"encountering":[88],"foreign":[89,133],"dsRNAs,":[90],"dsRBD2":[91,118],"arrests":[92],"diffusive":[94],"dsRBD1,":[95,121],"thereby":[96],"establishing":[97],"scaffold":[99],"essential":[100],"for":[101],"dimerization":[103],"phosphorylation.":[105],"By":[106],"contrast,":[107],"prevalent":[108],"bulges":[109],"large":[111],"internal":[112],"loops":[113],"self-RNA":[115],"obstruct":[117],"from":[119,135],"capturing":[120],"creating":[122],"steeply":[124],"elevated":[125],"energy":[126],"landscape":[127],"enables":[129],"discriminate":[132],"abundant":[136],"self-RNAs,":[137],"thus":[138],"evolving":[139],"delicate":[141],"strategy":[142],"achieve":[144],"both":[145],"high":[146],"selectivity":[147],"robust":[149],"signaling.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-22T07:34:49.880490","created_date":"2025-11-02T00:00:00"}