{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415768227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160416","title":"FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF STEEL AND GFRP-REINFORCED LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE HOLLOW ONE-WAY SLABS UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURES","display_name":"FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF STEEL AND GFRP-REINFORCED LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE HOLLOW ONE-WAY SLABS UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURES","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415768227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.30572/2018/kje/160416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160416","pdf_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/kje/article/download/18114/15992","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197273","display_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","issn_l":"2071-5528","issn":["2071-5528","2523-0018"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319162","host_organization_name":"University of Kufa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319162"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Kufa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4415768227"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/kje/article/download/18114/15992","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hussein M. Kareem","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72539421","display_name":"University of Tikrit","ror":"https://ror.org/01zfzax10","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72539421"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hussein M. Kareem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate PhD. student, Civil Engineering Department, Tikrit University, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate PhD. student, Civil Engineering Department, Tikrit University, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72539421"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072425067","display_name":"Assim Mohammed Lateef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-2925","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-2925"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72539421","display_name":"University of Tikrit","ror":"https://ror.org/01zfzax10","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72539421"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Assim M. Lateef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Prof., Civil Engineering Department, Tikrit University, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Prof., Civil Engineering Department, Tikrit University, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72539421"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72539421"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6159,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58659634,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"268","last_page":"287"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12102","display_name":"Fire effects on concrete materials","score":0.8442000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12102","display_name":"Fire effects on concrete materials","score":0.8442000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10479","display_name":"Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete","score":0.15199999511241913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10713","display_name":"Structural Load-Bearing Analysis","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hollow-slab","display_name":"hollow slab","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-way-slabs","display_name":"one-way slabs","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glass-fiber-reinforced-polymer","display_name":"glass fiber","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gfrp-reinforcement","display_name":"GFRP reinforcement","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steel-reinforcement","display_name":"steel reinforcement","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightweight-concrete","display_name":"lightweight concrete","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-resistance","display_name":"fire resistance","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexural-behavior","display_name":"flexural behavior","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-temperature","display_name":"high temperature","score":0.49300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-reinforcement","display_name":"hybrid reinforcement","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deflection","display_name":"deflection","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stiffness-degradation","display_name":"stiffness degradation","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultimate-load-carrying-capacity","display_name":"ultimate load capacity","score":0.7680000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76344452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263125","display_name":"Fibre-reinforced plastic","level":2,"score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7351999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.705299973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178405089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857201","display_name":"Flexural strength","level":2,"score":0.6276999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6237999796867371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.5159000158309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779372316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057","display_name":"Stiffness","level":2,"score":0.49390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987912017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27787358","display_name":"Fire resistance","level":2,"score":0.43459999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988805333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184190","display_name":"Reinforced concrete","level":2,"score":0.41269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73099012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5459050","display_name":"Flexural rigidity","level":2,"score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177229083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5861","display_name":"Glass fiber","level":2,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.31630000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993075670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2313934","display_name":"Load bearing","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113740112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5904738","display_name":"Slab","level":2,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31555180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3523867","display_name":"Material properties","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781465349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1186323","display_name":"Fire performance","level":3,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203373105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7880286","display_name":"Ultimate load","level":3,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122156500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41399","display_name":"Fire protection","level":2,"score":0.2619999945163727}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.30572/2018/kje/160416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160416","pdf_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/kje/article/download/18114/15992","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197273","display_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","issn_l":"2071-5528","issn":["2071-5528","2523-0018"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319162","host_organization_name":"University of Kufa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319162"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Kufa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d3b647916e7b427c91e44a3a110e1c5c","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d3b647916e7b427c91e44a3a110e1c5c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mag\u0306allat\u0308 Al-ku\u0304fat\u0308 Al-handasiyyat\u0308, Vol 16, Iss 04, Pp 268-287 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.30572/2018/kje/160416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160416","pdf_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/kje/article/download/18114/15992","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197273","display_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","issn_l":"2071-5528","issn":["2071-5528","2523-0018"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319162","host_organization_name":"University of Kufa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319162"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Kufa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317956","display_name":"Tikrit University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zfzax10"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415768227.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415768227.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1916711558","https://openalex.org/W2511503429","https://openalex.org/W2946391395","https://openalex.org/W2964051684","https://openalex.org/W3044348365","https://openalex.org/W3107551780","https://openalex.org/W4220848917","https://openalex.org/W4310761529","https://openalex.org/W4313261022","https://openalex.org/W4377226524","https://openalex.org/W4385679123","https://openalex.org/W4401977533"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4412519926","https://openalex.org/W4416320895","https://openalex.org/W2762002907","https://openalex.org/W4399545153","https://openalex.org/W7216087657","https://openalex.org/W3012175498","https://openalex.org/W4416270617","https://openalex.org/W2912801922","https://openalex.org/W4200141520","https://openalex.org/W7152610254"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,73,90,141,154,192,215],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,10,102,121,133,137,151,195,204,230,242],"this":[3,196],"research":[4,197],"is":[5,198],"to":[6,33,54,67,105,113,129,199,210],"evaluate":[7,68],"the":[8,95,100,119,125,138,189,201,228,239],"impact":[9],"different":[11,231],"reinforcements,":[12],"hollow":[13,85,207],"shapes,":[14],"and":[15,59,81,83,88,99,109,213],"fire":[16,65,70,107,163,212,232],"on":[17,234],"ten":[18],"lightweight":[19,206],"concrete":[20,116,185],"slabs":[21,38,168,208],"that":[22,93,136,167],"are":[23],"reinforced":[24,28,115,169,184],"with":[25,170,182,247],"glass":[26],"fiber":[27],"polymer":[29],"(GFRP)":[30],"in":[31,149,156],"order":[32],"decrease":[34,155],"their":[35,69],"weight.":[36],"All":[37],"were":[39,52],"uniformly":[40],"sized":[41],"at":[42],"2400":[43],"mm":[44,47],"x":[45,48],"1000":[46],"150":[49],"mm.":[50],"They":[51],"subjected":[53,209],"continuous":[55],"static":[56],"load":[57,152],"tests":[58],"heated":[60],"from":[61],"below":[62],"using":[63],"a":[64,130,222,243],"chamber":[66],"resistance":[71,108],"performance.":[72],"study":[74],"analyzed":[75],"three":[76],"reinforcement":[77,97,123],"types":[78],"(steel,":[79],"hybrid,":[80],"GFRP)":[82],"two":[84],"shapes":[86],"(circular":[87],"square).":[89],"findings":[91],"showed":[92],"increasing":[94],"GFRP":[96,122,171],"ratio":[98],"presence":[101],"hollows":[103],"led":[104],"diminished":[106],"flexural":[110],"strength":[111],"compared":[112],"solid":[114,183],"slabs.":[117],"Specifically,":[118],"quantity":[120],"increased":[124],"slabs'":[126,142],"deflection,":[127],"up":[128],"maximum":[131],"increase":[132],"1.5":[134],"times":[135],"steel-reinforced":[139],"slab.":[140],"ultimate":[143],"capacity":[144],"dropped":[145],"by":[146],"around":[147],"35%":[148],"terms":[150],"capacity.":[153],"stiffness":[157],"was":[158],"much":[159],"more":[160],"noticeable.":[161],"Experimental":[162],"exposure":[164],"results":[165],"indicated":[166],"bars":[172],"exhibited":[173],"significant":[174],"degradation":[175],"after":[176],"just":[177],"over":[178],"fifty":[179],"minutes,":[180],"contrasting":[181],"slabs,":[186],"which":[187],"withstood":[188],"two-hour":[190],"test.":[191],"core":[193],"focus":[194],"characterize":[200],"structural":[202,236,245],"response":[203],"GFRP-reinforced":[205],"concurrent":[211],"stress.":[214],"computational":[216],"models":[217],"created":[218],"herein":[219],"also":[220],"provide":[221],"basis":[223],"for":[224],"future":[225],"analysis,":[226],"enabling":[227],"evaluation":[229],"scenarios":[233],"specific":[235],"elements":[237],"or":[238],"holistic":[240],"simulation":[241],"full":[244],"system":[246],"realistic":[248],"boundary":[249],"conditions":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-11-01T00:00:00"}