{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415768122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160433","title":"AN INVESTIGATION INTO GEOPOLYMER ADHESIVE AS A VIABLE SUSTAINABLE MATERIAL FOR NSM STRENGTHENING OF RC BEAMS IN SHEAR","display_name":"AN INVESTIGATION INTO GEOPOLYMER ADHESIVE AS A VIABLE SUSTAINABLE MATERIAL FOR NSM STRENGTHENING OF RC BEAMS IN SHEAR","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415768122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160433"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.30572/2018/kje/160433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160433","pdf_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/kje/article/download/18771/16009","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197273","display_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","issn_l":"2071-5528","issn":["2071-5528","2523-0018"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319162","host_organization_name":"University of Kufa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319162"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Kufa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/kje/article/download/18771/16009","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120216829","display_name":"Dhiyaa J. Kadhim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1062-5784","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1062-5784"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202735123","display_name":"Thi Qar University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ypa8k59","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhiyaa J. Kadhim","raw_affiliation_strings":["MSc. Student, Civil Eng. Dept., University of Thi-qar, Thi-qar, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MSc. Student, Civil Eng. Dept., University of Thi-qar, Thi-qar, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079759774","display_name":"Ali K. Al-Asadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7265-0799","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7265-0799"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202735123","display_name":"Thi Qar University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ypa8k59","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali K. Al-Asadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor, Ph.D., Civil Eng. Dept., University of Thi-qar, Thi-qar, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor, Ph.D., Civil Eng. Dept., University of Thi-qar, Thi-qar, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202735123"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3461,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51991226,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"573","last_page":"584"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10479","display_name":"Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10479","display_name":"Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11352","display_name":"Masonry and Concrete Structural Analysis","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10687","display_name":"Innovative concrete reinforcement materials","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/near-surface-mounted-reinforcement","display_name":"near-surface mounted reinforcement","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-strengthening","display_name":"shear strengthening","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforced-concrete-beams","display_name":"reinforced concrete beams","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epoxy-adhesive","display_name":"epoxy adhesive","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-construction-materials","display_name":"sustainable construction materials","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bar-spacing","display_name":"bar spacing","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-carrying-capacity","display_name":"bearing capacity","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crack-opening-load","display_name":"crack opening load","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deflection","display_name":"deflection","score":0.8730000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68928338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131790","display_name":"Adhesive","level":3,"score":0.7928000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994377731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143983","display_name":"Epoxy adhesive","level":4,"score":0.669700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166595027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143983","display_name":"Epoxy","level":2,"score":0.646399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780837464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26462","display_name":"Geopolymer","level":3,"score":0.5333999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96035792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43606218","display_name":"Shear (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5284000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.5005000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127893833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7492185","display_name":"Shear strength (soil)","level":3,"score":0.4253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988805333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184190","display_name":"Reinforced concrete","level":2,"score":0.4228000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203373105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7880286","display_name":"Ultimate load","level":3,"score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.36410000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191187239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535585","display_name":"Geopolymer cement","level":4,"score":0.30889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779278059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352525","display_name":"Adhesive bonding","level":4,"score":0.2635999917984009}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.30572/2018/kje/160433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160433","pdf_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/kje/article/download/18771/16009","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197273","display_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","issn_l":"2071-5528","issn":["2071-5528","2523-0018"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319162","host_organization_name":"University of Kufa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319162"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Kufa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2b997d53cd40467bbc96c2ea9eaaf421","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2b997d53cd40467bbc96c2ea9eaaf421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mag\u0306allat\u0308 Al-ku\u0304fat\u0308 Al-handasiyyat\u0308, Vol 16, Iss 04, Pp 573-584 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.30572/2018/kje/160433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/160433","pdf_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/kje/article/download/18771/16009","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197273","display_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","issn_l":"2071-5528","issn":["2071-5528","2523-0018"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319162","host_organization_name":"University of Kufa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319162"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Kufa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kufa Journal of Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.7207000255584717,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319858","display_name":"University of Thi-Qar","ror":"https://ror.org/02ypa8k59"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415768122.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415768122.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974413053","https://openalex.org/W2086529425","https://openalex.org/W2592041387","https://openalex.org/W2769737540","https://openalex.org/W2789680975","https://openalex.org/W2810102166","https://openalex.org/W2897724763","https://openalex.org/W2902269565","https://openalex.org/W2921151954","https://openalex.org/W2944223234","https://openalex.org/W2968897419","https://openalex.org/W2989861463","https://openalex.org/W3014047859","https://openalex.org/W3101631241","https://openalex.org/W3126229136","https://openalex.org/W3182783380","https://openalex.org/W3189004689","https://openalex.org/W3199338966","https://openalex.org/W4220753806","https://openalex.org/W4306873849","https://openalex.org/W4313394385","https://openalex.org/W4322154572","https://openalex.org/W4401251476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7169718098","https://openalex.org/W4403242502","https://openalex.org/W7165897155","https://openalex.org/W4409016281","https://openalex.org/W7169725152","https://openalex.org/W4416320912","https://openalex.org/W4365815962","https://openalex.org/W4416321123","https://openalex.org/W3136960641","https://openalex.org/W3014047859"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,63],"paper":[1,64],"aims":[2],"to":[3,21,105,117,127,142,145],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,17,23,69,106,108],"performance":[6],"of":[7,26,34,71,78,124],"geopolymer":[8],"adhesive":[9,73,110,120],"(GPA)":[10],"as":[11],"a":[12,122],"substitute":[13],"for":[14],"epoxy":[15,109],"in":[16,37,41,46],"near-surface-mounted":[18],"(NSM)":[19],"technique":[20],"enhance":[22],"shear":[24],"strength":[25],"reinforced":[27],"concrete":[28],"(RC)":[29],"beams.":[30,62,130],"Seven":[31],"RC":[32,129,147],"beams":[33,148],"1200":[35],"mm":[36,40,45],"length,":[38],"120":[39],"width,":[42],"and":[43,59,82,85,90,101],"160":[44],"height":[47],"were":[48],"tested":[49],"under":[50],"three-point":[51],"loading.":[52],"The":[53,92,131],"specimens":[54,137],"involved":[55],"one":[56],"control":[57],"beam":[58],"six":[60],"strengthened":[61,136],"investigates":[65],"several":[66],"parameters,":[67],"namely":[68],"types":[70],"paste":[72],"(epoxy":[74],"or":[75],"geopolymer),":[76],"spacing":[77],"NSM":[79,87],"bars":[80,88],"(80":[81],"65":[83],"mm),":[84],"inclined":[86],"(90\u00b0":[89],"45\u00b0).":[91],"initial":[93],"crack":[94,102,133],"opening":[95],"load,":[96],"ultimate":[97],"load-carrying":[98],"capacity,":[99],"deflection,":[100],"pattern.":[103],"According":[104],"results,":[107],"can":[111],"increase":[112],"load":[113,134],"capacity":[114],"by":[115,140],"up":[116,141],"96.36%.":[118],"Geopolymer":[119],"yielded":[121],"maximum":[123],"68.62%":[125],"compared":[126,144],"un-strengthened":[128,146],"first":[132],"on":[135],"was":[138],"increased":[139],"18%":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-11-01T00:00:00"}
