{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415762015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","title":"A Discursive Analysis of the Treatment of English and Indigenous Languages in Post-Colonial Language Policies in Kenya","display_name":"A Discursive Analysis of the Treatment of English and Indigenous Languages in Post-Colonial Language Policies in Kenya","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415762015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208052","display_name":"Language Circle Journal of Language and Literature","issn_l":"1858-0157","issn":["1858-0157","2460-853X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315184","host_organization_name":"State University of Semarang","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315184"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["State University of Semarang"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059584050","display_name":"Geoffrey Mokua Maroko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1747-6753","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1747-6753"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802891092","display_name":"Machakos University","ror":"https://ror.org/05eyrmk93","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802891092"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey Makua Maroko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machakos University, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machakos University, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802891092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048567080","display_name":"Chege Samuel Nganga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133159679","display_name":"Murang'a University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/057k4ej49","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133159679"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chege Samuel Nganga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Murang'a University of Technology, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Murang'a University of Technology, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133159679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007551797","display_name":"Anashia Nancy Ong\u2019onda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-9213","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-9213"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802891092","display_name":"Machakos University","ror":"https://ror.org/05eyrmk93","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802891092"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anashia Nancy Ong'Onda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machakos University, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machakos University, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802891092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.006399999838322401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12658","display_name":"Language and Culture","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-policy","display_name":"language policy","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-languages","display_name":"indigenous languages","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language","display_name":"English language","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postcolonial-language-policy","display_name":"postcolonial language policy","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kenya","display_name":"Kenya","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-hierarchy","display_name":"language hierarchy","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-diversity","display_name":"linguistic diversity","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum-policy","display_name":"curriculum policy","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-and-identity","display_name":"language and identity","score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-and-education","display_name":"language and education","score":0.3059999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55958113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480","display_name":"Indigenous","level":2,"score":0.8485000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556340858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334451","display_name":"Language policy","level":2,"score":0.8410999774932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5805000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781370049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q645304","display_name":"Indigenous language","level":3,"score":0.5764999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5310999751091003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5105999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4715000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30081","display_name":"Multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.45730000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187651312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114","display_name":"Kenya","level":2,"score":0.44269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779030433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1789511","display_name":"Critical discourse analysis","level":4,"score":0.3946000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781281093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q329499","display_name":"Language planning","level":2,"score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1813318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465887","display_name":"Language industry","level":4,"score":0.35010001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776154427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7755","display_name":"Constitution","level":2,"score":0.34790000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108494575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207930","display_name":"Languages of Africa","level":2,"score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780126709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6979578","display_name":"National curriculum","level":3,"score":0.3140999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779313563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17072565","display_name":"On Language","level":2,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84389358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129466","display_name":"Discourse analysis","level":2,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778566935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10270859","display_name":"Indigenous education","level":3,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778567037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6972024","display_name":"Australian Curriculum","level":4,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123960582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455196","display_name":"Language education","level":2,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780789378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23492","display_name":"Official language","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777068528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319972","display_name":"National language","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208052","display_name":"Language Circle Journal of Language and Literature","issn_l":"1858-0157","issn":["1858-0157","2460-853X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315184","host_organization_name":"State University of Semarang","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315184"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["State University of Semarang"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ec723469d1004794b511e1ed02364be8","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ec723469d1004794b511e1ed02364be8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Language Circle, Vol 20, Iss 2 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v20i1.16304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208052","display_name":"Language Circle Journal of Language and Literature","issn_l":"1858-0157","issn":["1858-0157","2460-853X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315184","host_organization_name":"State University of Semarang","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315184"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["State University of Semarang"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7578999996185303,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.47620001435279846,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.4156000018119812,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7169135153","https://openalex.org/W7009378351","https://openalex.org/W4388265526","https://openalex.org/W2262268307","https://openalex.org/W4389472089","https://openalex.org/W1526287790","https://openalex.org/W1968840781","https://openalex.org/W4411582069","https://openalex.org/W4400408902","https://openalex.org/W2105765907"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,123,143,171,232],"article":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,11,30,53,66,76,110,130,205],"treatment":[4],"of":[5,13,32,52,79,133,141,157,198,208],"English":[6,33,114],"and":[7,34,44,72,86,100,115,154,164,201,239],"Indigenous":[8,35,116,158,185,210],"languages":[9,36,117,186,211],"in":[10,17,37,119,139,166,181,246],"context":[12],"post-colonial":[14,182,248],"language":[15,55,58,168,223,244],"policies":[16,245],"Kenya,":[18],"utilizing":[19],"Critical":[20],"Discourse":[21],"Analysis":[22],"as":[23,41,187,195],"its":[24],"primary":[25],"methodological":[26],"approach.":[27],"Focusing":[28],"on":[29,70],"integration":[31],"critical":[38],"domains":[39],"such":[40],"education,":[42],"research,":[43],"administration,":[45],"this":[46],"study":[47,107,144,233],"unveils":[48],"a":[49,125,146,216,220],"nuanced":[50],"portrayal":[51],"government's":[54],"policy.":[56],"Four":[57],"policy":[59,96,121,169,224],"documents":[60],"were":[61,98],"purposively":[62],"selected.":[63],"These":[64],"are":[65],"Presidential":[67],"Working":[68],"Party":[69],"Edu\u00adcation":[71],"Manpower":[73],"(Kamunge":[74],"1988),":[75],"Kenyan":[77],"Constitution":[78],"2010,":[80],"The":[81,87,106],"National":[82],"Curriculum":[83,90],"Policy":[84],"(2018),":[85],"Basic":[88],"Education":[89],"Framework":[91],"(2017).":[92],"Using":[93],"checklists,":[94],"key":[95],"recommendations":[97],"extracted":[99],"analyzed":[101],"using":[102],"Fairclough\u2019s":[103],"Three-Dimensional":[104],"Model.":[105],"revealed":[108],"that":[109,225],"underlying":[111],"hierarchies":[112],"between":[113],"embedded":[118],"official":[120,167],"documents.":[122,170],"suggests":[124],"paradoxical":[126],"dynamic":[127],"which":[128],"despite":[129],"overarching":[131],"goal":[132],"promoting":[134],"linguistic":[135,230],"diversity,":[136],"biases":[137],"persist":[138],"favor":[140],"English.":[142],"recommends":[145],"proactive":[147],"governmental":[148],"strategy":[149],"to":[150,177,219,241],"enhance":[151],"practical":[152],"value":[153],"benefits":[155,207],"awareness":[156],"languages,":[159],"advocating":[160],"their":[161],"greater":[162],"exposure":[163],"representation":[165],"approach":[172,218],"corresponds":[173],"with":[174],"wider":[175],"initiatives":[176],"address":[178],"historical":[179],"disparities":[180],"settings,":[183],"acknowledging":[184],"essential":[188,235],"not":[189],"only":[190],"for":[191,237],"communication":[192],"but":[193],"also":[194],"crucial":[196],"carriers":[197],"cultural":[199],"legacy":[200],"identity.":[202],"It":[203],"highlights":[204],"real":[206],"integrating":[209],"across":[212],"various":[213],"sectors,":[214],"proposing":[215],"definitive":[217],"more":[221],"equitable":[222],"genuinely":[226],"represents":[227],"Kenya's":[228],"unique":[229],"landscape.":[231],"provides":[234],"insights":[236],"politicians":[238],"educators":[240],"promote":[242],"inclusive":[243],"analogous":[247],"contexts.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2025-11-01T00:00:00"}
