{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415760838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","title":"Macular thickness is associated with pathologically confirmed diabetic nephropathy","display_name":"Macular thickness is associated with pathologically confirmed diabetic nephropathy","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415760838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41183699"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92638099","display_name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","issn_l":"1572-1000","issn":["1572-1000","1873-1597"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100453088","display_name":"Fang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6419-4954","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6419-4954"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190242452","display_name":"Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vg7mz57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190242452"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6419-4954","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190242452","https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100656363","display_name":"Qian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-7392","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-7392"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China. Electronic address: 794317255@qq.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China. Electronic address: 794317255@qq.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100414198","display_name":"Ying Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3236-6870","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3236-6870"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043322689","display_name":"Wenwen Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190242452","display_name":"Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vg7mz57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190242452"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenwen Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190242452","https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101545494","display_name":"Ruimin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3373-8437","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3373-8437"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53411278","display_name":"Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00pcrz470","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruimin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906","https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101529017","display_name":"Hui Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4274-7754","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4274-7754"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53411278","display_name":"Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00pcrz470","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906","https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060838215","display_name":"He Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2481-3447","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2481-3447"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53411278","display_name":"Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00pcrz470","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906","https://openalex.org/I53411278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Luying Qiao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190242452","display_name":"Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vg7mz57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190242452"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luying Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190242452","https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100774026","display_name":"Weiguang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-4907","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-4907"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132375","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039713658","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132375"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiguang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4210132375","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104857074","display_name":"Ying Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6408-8510","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6408-8510"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132375","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039713658","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132375"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4210132375","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049301638","display_name":"Xueying Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5105-2877","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5105-2877"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132375","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039713658","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132375"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueying Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4210132375","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100424386","display_name":"Yong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9571-760X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9571-760X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132375","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039713658","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132375"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4210132375","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019564928","display_name":"Guangyan Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-6353","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-6353","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4446-1819"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132375","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039713658","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132375"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangyan Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4210132375","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112811725","display_name":"Xiangmei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8774-6021","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8774-6021"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190242452","display_name":"Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vg7mz57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190242452"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangmei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China; First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190242452","https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zheyi Dong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767906","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00s577731","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zheyi Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China. Electronic address: shengdai26@163.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100853, China. Electronic address: shengdai26@163.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100656363"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634","https://openalex.org/I4391767906"],"apc_list":{"value":2610,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2610},"apc_paid":{"value":2610,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2610},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35980373,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":null,"first_page":"105266","last_page":"105266"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.7529000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.7529000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.22220000624656677,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-nephropathy","display_name":"diabetic nephropathy","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macular-thickness","display_name":"macular thickness","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"optical coherence tomography","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-kidney-disease","display_name":"chronic kidney disease","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-diabetic-renal-disease","display_name":"non-diabetic kidney disease","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"diabetic retinopathy","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibrinogen","display_name":"fibrinogen","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ldl-cholesterol","display_name":"LDL cholesterol","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-duration","display_name":"diabetes duration","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-biomarkers","display_name":"retinal biomarkers","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-invasive-diagnosis","display_name":"non-invasive diagnosis","score":0.6729999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8051000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.6804999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779922275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129105","display_name":"Diabetic nephropathy","level":3,"score":0.6312000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.6283000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.5145000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781184683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Nephropathy","level":3,"score":0.3937999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.3206999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909528911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747023","display_name":"Macula Lutea","level":3,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778313320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550455","display_name":"Retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776148792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3041498","display_name":"Eye disease","level":2,"score":0.2467000037431717}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003928","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Nephropathies","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003930","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008266","descriptor_name":"Macula Lutea","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008266","descriptor_name":"Macula Lutea","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051436","descriptor_name":"Renal Insufficiency, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92638099","display_name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","issn_l":"1572-1000","issn":["1572-1000","1873-1597"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.5394506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5394506","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5394506","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:41183699","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41183699","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e4d13ffd16e34ecca810aae74850089b","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e4d13ffd16e34ecca810aae74850089b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Vol 56, Iss , Pp 105266- (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92638099","display_name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","issn_l":"1572-1000","issn":["1572-1000","1873-1597"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2108870975","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L222133","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3864562958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62450131","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6287694735","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L232122","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8931563644","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"7252018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2399602153","https://openalex.org/W2555384098","https://openalex.org/W2625700357","https://openalex.org/W2755106885","https://openalex.org/W2787269887","https://openalex.org/W2798146738","https://openalex.org/W2900194535","https://openalex.org/W3010352611","https://openalex.org/W3014459420","https://openalex.org/W3047091666","https://openalex.org/W4210450866","https://openalex.org/W4223988949","https://openalex.org/W4281485160","https://openalex.org/W4283705580","https://openalex.org/W4296251875","https://openalex.org/W4308040595","https://openalex.org/W4381332471","https://openalex.org/W4382931779","https://openalex.org/W4385758697","https://openalex.org/W4387951743","https://openalex.org/W4388332153","https://openalex.org/W4389338988","https://openalex.org/W4391261776","https://openalex.org/W4400348741","https://openalex.org/W4400515141","https://openalex.org/W4401194423","https://openalex.org/W4410789920","https://openalex.org/W4410946839","https://openalex.org/W4410968575","https://openalex.org/W4411250090"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390468177","https://openalex.org/W2485110077","https://openalex.org/W7118300198","https://openalex.org/W4400515141","https://openalex.org/W2352634490","https://openalex.org/W7213319863","https://openalex.org/W4225713187","https://openalex.org/W4413100279","https://openalex.org/W4395053886","https://openalex.org/W2606781221"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose.":[0],"This":[1,16],"study":[2,17],"aimed":[3],"to":[4,51],"assess":[5],"associations":[6,53],"between":[7,54,145],"macular":[8,55,135,148,182],"thickness":[9,56,136,149,183],"and":[10,27,45,57,96,150,166,189],"pathologically":[11,58],"confirmed":[12],"diabetic":[13,125],"nephropathy":[14],"(DN).Methods.":[15],"included":[18,161],"adult":[19],"patients":[20,66,79,108],"with":[21,99,109,140],"type":[22],"2":[23],"diabetes":[24,122],"mellitus":[25],"(T2DM)":[26],"chronic":[28],"kidney":[29],"disease":[30,91],"(CKD)":[31],"who":[32],"had":[33,111],"undergone":[34],"renal":[35,90],"biopsy.":[36],"Patients":[37],"were":[38,49,137],"classified":[39,77],"based":[40],"on":[41],"pathological":[42],"diagnosis,":[43],"univariate":[44],"multivariable":[46],"regression":[47,119],"analyses":[48],"performed":[50],"evaluate":[52],"diagnosed":[59],"DN.":[60],"Results.":[61],"A":[62],"total":[63],"of":[64,72,155,170,192],"245":[65],"underwent":[67],"examination":[68],"in":[69,162],"the":[70,78,157,167,171,176,187],"context":[71],"this":[73],"cross-sectional":[74],"study.":[75],"We":[76],"into":[80],"three":[81],"categories:":[82],"Isolated":[83,88],"DN":[84,97,110,141,151,163,193],"(n":[85,93,101],"=":[86,94,102],"55),":[87],"non-diabetic":[89],"(NDRD)":[92],"94),":[95],"combined":[98,158,177],"NDRD":[100],"57).":[103],"The":[104,143],"results":[105],"indicated":[106],"that":[107,121],"significantly":[112],"increased":[113],"retinal":[114],"thickness.":[115],"Multivariate":[116],"binary":[117],"logistic":[118],"showed":[120],"duration,":[123],"smoking,":[124],"retinopathy":[126],"(DR),":[127],"fibrinogen,":[128],"low-density":[129],"lipoprotein":[130],"cholesterol":[131],"(LDL-C),":[132],"outer":[133,146],"temporal":[134,147],"independently":[138],"associated":[139],"(P<0.05).":[142],"relationship":[144],"was":[152,160,173,179],"significant":[153],"regardless":[154],"whether":[156],"group":[159,178],"or":[164],"NDRD,":[165],"diagnostic":[168],"efficiency":[169],"model":[172],"improved":[174],"when":[175],"excluded.Conclusions":[180],".Retinal":[181],"is":[184],"important":[185],"for":[186],"rapid":[188],"non-invasive":[190],"differentiation":[191],"from":[194],"NDRD.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2025-11-01T00:00:00"}
