{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415667366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","title":"Medication count, including statin or metformin use, is not associated with influenza vaccine responses in older adults","display_name":"Medication count, including statin or metformin use, is not associated with influenza vaccine responses in older adults","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415667366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41167013","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13285864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27359860","display_name":"Vaccine","issn_l":"0264-410X","issn":["0264-410X","1873-2518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Victoria Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75929689","display_name":"UConn Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victoria Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145","https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Heather McClure","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75929689","display_name":"UConn Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heather McClure","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145","https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103947877","display_name":"Radha Patel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75929689","display_name":"UConn Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Radha Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145","https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056759771","display_name":"George A. Kuchel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8387-7040","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8387-7040"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75929689","display_name":"UConn Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George A. Kuchel","raw_affiliation_strings":["UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145","https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076470375","display_name":"Chris P. Verschoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6190-2655","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6190-2655"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802851750","display_name":"Health Sciences North","ror":"https://ror.org/04br0rs05","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802851750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7899908","display_name":"NOSM University","ror":"https://ror.org/05yb43k62","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7899908"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chris P. Verschoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, Canada; NOSM University, Sudbury, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada. Electronic address: cverschoor@hsnri.ca"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, Canada; NOSM University, Sudbury, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada. Electronic address: cverschoor@hsnri.ca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802851750","https://openalex.org/I7899908","https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076470375"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802851750","https://openalex.org/I7899908","https://openalex.org/I98251732"],"apc_list":{"value":3620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3620},"apc_paid":{"value":3620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3620},"fwci":0.6876,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74133462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":null,"first_page":"127913","last_page":"127913"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10496","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10833","display_name":"Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influenza-vaccination","display_name":"influenza vaccination","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-antibody-response","display_name":"vaccine antibody response","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polypharmacy","display_name":"polypharmacy","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statins","display_name":"statins","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metformin","display_name":"metformin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-dose-influenza-vaccine","display_name":"high-dose influenza vaccine","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"diabetes mellitus","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frailty","display_name":"frailty","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-disease","display_name":"chronic disease","score":0.9710000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19484","display_name":"Metformin","level":3,"score":0.9172000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9107000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383260","display_name":"Influenza vaccine","level":3,"score":0.6784999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5706999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776839432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954845","display_name":"Statin","level":2,"score":0.5424000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.4311999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910980524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954845","display_name":"Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors","level":3,"score":0.3804999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.30329999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018553135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67004728","display_name":"Medication adherence","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780441014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7907952","display_name":"Vaccine efficacy","level":3,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2745824","display_name":"Immunopathology","level":2,"score":0.26190000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000914","descriptor_name":"Antibodies, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007251","descriptor_name":"Influenza, Human","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007251","descriptor_name":"Influenza, Human","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007252","descriptor_name":"Influenza Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007252","descriptor_name":"Influenza Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008687","descriptor_name":"Metformin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008687","descriptor_name":"Metformin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014611","descriptor_name":"Vaccination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019161","descriptor_name":"Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019161","descriptor_name":"Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27359860","display_name":"Vaccine","issn_l":"0264-410X","issn":["0264-410X","1873-2518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41167013","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41167013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27359860","display_name":"Vaccine","issn_l":"0264-410X","issn":["0264-410X","1873-2518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3721409393","display_name":"Immune Response to High-Dose vs. Standard Dose Influenza Vaccine","funder_award_id":"R01AG048023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000885535","display_name":"Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (P30 Clinical Trial Optional)","funder_award_id":"P30AG067988","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1839272823","https://openalex.org/W2044762497","https://openalex.org/W2095196265","https://openalex.org/W2164059021","https://openalex.org/W2175632373","https://openalex.org/W2310115806","https://openalex.org/W2463724434","https://openalex.org/W2482059024","https://openalex.org/W2604753146","https://openalex.org/W2605882082","https://openalex.org/W2606900230","https://openalex.org/W2785715721","https://openalex.org/W2889059534","https://openalex.org/W2890910012","https://openalex.org/W2898441436","https://openalex.org/W2921553057","https://openalex.org/W2971999614","https://openalex.org/W2973577844","https://openalex.org/W2981125588","https://openalex.org/W3005586026","https://openalex.org/W3007993126","https://openalex.org/W3033130655","https://openalex.org/W3143058660","https://openalex.org/W3169536731","https://openalex.org/W4281642661","https://openalex.org/W4306857255","https://openalex.org/W4328048947","https://openalex.org/W4367835164","https://openalex.org/W4388494645","https://openalex.org/W4391752867","https://openalex.org/W4403869779","https://openalex.org/W4408148815"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2889059534","https://openalex.org/W4313404830","https://openalex.org/W2215189236","https://openalex.org/W4367835164","https://openalex.org/W2175632373","https://openalex.org/W4306857255","https://openalex.org/W2791267620","https://openalex.org/W2889184464","https://openalex.org/W4308147081","https://openalex.org/W4328048947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Vaccination":[1],"helps":[2],"prevent":[3],"infections":[4],"and":[5,55,80,91,121,137,159,164,169,226,235],"associated":[6,149,259],"sequelae,":[7],"especially":[8],"in":[9,138,213,262],"older":[10,56,250],"adults.":[11,251],"Since":[12],"the":[13,29,61,176,181,263],"degree":[14],"to":[15,58,195],"which":[16,153],"vaccine":[17,41,66,87,151,170,183,265],"responses":[18,90,218,228,243],"are":[19],"influenced":[20],"by":[21],"medications":[22],"is":[23],"not":[24,147],"well":[25,77],"described,":[26],"we":[27],"examined":[28],"association":[30],"of":[31,47,107,116,161,180],"medication":[32,92,144,247],"count,":[33],"including":[34],"statin":[35,79,120],"or":[36,63],"metformin":[37,81,188,256],"use,":[38],"with":[39,110,132,150,246,260],"influenza":[40,69],"responsiveness.":[42],"METHODS:":[43],"A":[44],"secondary":[45],"analysis":[46],"data":[48,141],"from":[49],"542":[50],"participants":[51,117],"aged":[52],"65":[53],"years":[54],"randomized":[57],"receive":[59],"either":[60],"standard":[62],"high":[64],"dose":[65,171],"during":[67],"four":[68],"seasons":[70],"(2015-2018)":[71],"was":[72,130,146,184,211],"conducted.":[73],"Medication":[74,128],"counts,":[75],"as":[76,78,193],"usage,":[82],"were":[83,94,219],"self-reported.":[84],"Associations":[85],"between":[86],"antibody":[88],"titer":[89],"usage":[93,248],"estimated":[95],"using":[96,118],"mixed":[97],"model":[98],"linear":[99],"regression.":[100],"RESULTS:":[101],"Participants":[102],"reported":[103],"taking":[104],"a":[105,119],"median":[106],"five":[108],"medications,":[109],"45":[111],"%":[112,123],"(n":[113,124,190,197],"=":[114,125,191,198,224,233,238],"244)":[115],"12":[122],"65)":[126],"metformin.":[127],"use":[129,145],"higher":[131,204],"frailty,":[133],"chronic":[134,162],"condition":[135],"count":[136],"males.":[139],"Our":[140],"showed":[142],"that":[143],"broadly":[148],"responsiveness,":[152],"held":[154],"after":[155],"adjusting":[156],"for":[157,187,227],"frailty":[158],"number":[160],"conditions,":[163],"when":[165],"investigated":[166],"within":[167,174,267],"sex":[168],"strata.":[172],"However,":[173,252],"diabetics,":[175],"strong":[177],"boosting":[178],"effect":[179,210],"high-dose":[182,264],"significantly":[185],"dampened":[186],"users":[189],"64)":[192],"compared":[194],"non-users":[196],"30),":[199],"but":[200],"still":[201],"remained":[202],"slightly":[203],"than":[205],"standard-dose":[206],"responses.":[207],"This":[208],"dampening":[209],"evident":[212],"analyses":[214],"where":[215],"all":[216],"antigen-specific":[217],"combined":[220],"(i.e.":[221],"maxRBA,":[222],"p":[223],"0.002),":[225],"against":[229],"seasonal":[230],"A/H3N2":[231],"(p":[232,237],"0.007)":[234],"B":[236],"0.03)":[239],"antigens.":[240],"CONCLUSION:":[241],"Vaccine":[242],"varied":[244],"little":[245],"among":[249],"our":[253],"findings":[254],"suggest":[255],"may":[257],"be":[258],"reductions":[261],"response":[266],"diabetics.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2025-10-29T00:00:00"}