{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415568770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1","title":"Evaluating the Impact of the Nigeria Data Protection Act on Consumer Privacy in the Telecommunications Industry in Nigeria","display_name":"Evaluating the Impact of the Nigeria Data Protection Act on Consumer Privacy in the Telecommunications Industry in Nigeria","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415568770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ngjsd/article/download/307988/289603","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4390296832","display_name":"NG Journal of Social Development","issn_l":"2814-1105","issn":["2814-1105"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NG Journal of Social Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ngjsd/article/download/307988/289603","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120124909","display_name":"Alice Ifeoma Nathan-Mbawike","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96009557","display_name":"Ebonyi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jhpwy79","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96009557"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice Ifeoma Nathan-Mbawike","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96009557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027676062","display_name":"Hemen Philip Faga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-011X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-011X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96009557","display_name":"Ebonyi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jhpwy79","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96009557"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hemen Philip Faga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96009557"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120261626","display_name":"Onele Joseph Utobo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96009557","display_name":"Ebonyi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jhpwy79","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96009557"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Onele Joseph Utobo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96009557"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96009557"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14029","display_name":"Thoreau and American Literature","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-privacy","display_name":"consumer privacy","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-industry","display_name":"telecommunications industry","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-protection-law","display_name":"data protection law","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-fraud","display_name":"online fraud","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyberattacks","display_name":"cyberattacks","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-breaches","display_name":"data breaches","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforcement-mechanisms","display_name":"enforcement mechanisms","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-redress","display_name":"consumer redress","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-data-protection-law","display_name":"comparative data protection law","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-data-protection","display_name":"EU data protection","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-reform","display_name":"regulatory reform","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.9810000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69360830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172237","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","level":2,"score":0.8023999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7416999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776515129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7306218","display_name":"Redress","level":2,"score":0.7307000160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.5957000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989499966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664183","display_name":"Consumer protection","level":2,"score":0.5594000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780771206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271761","display_name":"Safeguard","level":2,"score":0.487199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.47369998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.44510000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.43290001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017597292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25052250","display_name":"Privacy protection","level":2,"score":0.42480000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778656907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164712","display_name":"Consumer privacy","level":3,"score":0.38850000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78524284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031155","display_name":"Information privacy law","level":4,"score":0.38019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777731549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3258606","display_name":"Consumer Protection Act","level":2,"score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3589000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.35580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33271190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3467747","display_name":"Telecommunications service","level":2,"score":0.3531999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102938260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1999831","display_name":"Privacy policy","level":3,"score":0.3398999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780409804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621701","display_name":"Apprehension","level":2,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10511746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899388","display_name":"Data security","level":3,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3090818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172506","display_name":"General Data Protection Regulation","level":3,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47487241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227230","display_name":"Data access","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165609540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172486","display_name":"Data breach","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781460075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399332","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ngjsd/article/download/307988/289603","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4390296832","display_name":"NG Journal of Social Development","issn_l":"2814-1105","issn":["2814-1105"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NG Journal of Social Development","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v18i1.1","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ngjsd/article/download/307988/289603","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4390296832","display_name":"NG Journal of Social Development","issn_l":"2814-1105","issn":["2814-1105"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NG Journal of Social Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415568770.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415568770.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7080004393","https://openalex.org/W3111765719","https://openalex.org/W4414674271","https://openalex.org/W4409447326","https://openalex.org/W2963303976","https://openalex.org/W6958418339","https://openalex.org/W6944267240","https://openalex.org/W4282821796","https://openalex.org/W7125717026","https://openalex.org/W4408338971"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,53,111,168],"issues":[1],"of":[2,24,40,55,91,149,152,164,179],"cyber":[3],"fraud":[4],"and":[5,43,57,126,156,176,192],"cyber-attacks":[6],"have":[7],"continued":[8],"to":[9,20,61,108],"attract":[10],"concerns.":[11],"This":[12,83],"apprehension":[13],"informed":[14],"the":[15,22,25,34,38,48,67,89,92,102,118,123,133,150,153,165,177,180],"need":[16,49,169],"for":[17,50,170],"this":[18,65,184],"study":[19],"evaluate":[21],"impact":[23,90],"Nigeria":[26,93,103],"Data":[27,94],"Protection":[28,95],"Act":[29,96],"on":[30,98,136],"Consumer":[31],"Privacy":[32],"in":[33,101,116,122,183],"Telecommunications":[35,104],"Industry.":[36],"As":[37],"volume":[39],"data":[41,51,56,74,119,171,194],"created":[42],"stored":[44],"increased,":[45],"so":[46],"did":[47],"protection.":[52],"breach":[54],"cyberattacks":[58],"has":[59],"led":[60],"a":[62,189],"significant":[63],"damage,":[64],"is":[66],"reason":[68],"why":[69],"establishments":[70],"proactively":[71],"safeguard":[72],"their":[73,80],"as":[75,77],"well":[76],"frequently":[78],"update":[79],"proactive":[81],"measures.":[82],"research":[84],"was":[85,114,130],"aimed":[86],"at":[87],"evaluating":[88],"(NDPA)":[97],"consumer":[99,144],"privacy":[100],"industry":[105,159],"with":[106],"reference":[107],"other":[109],"jurisdictions.":[110],"doctrinal":[112],"method":[113],"employed":[115],"gathering":[117],"protection":[120,172,195],"laws":[121],"EU,":[124],"Kenya":[125],"South":[127],"Africa.":[128],"It":[129],"observed":[131],"that":[132],"compliance":[134],"burden":[135],"network":[137],"service":[138],"provider,":[139],"weak":[140],"enforcement":[141],"mechanisms,":[142],"inadequate":[143],"redress":[145],"mechanism,":[146],"are":[147,162],"some":[148,163],"challenges":[151],"NDPA.":[154],"Policy":[155],"regulatory":[157],"reforms,":[158],"specific":[160],"measures":[161],"recommendations":[166,181],"made.":[167],"cannot":[173],"be":[174],"overstated":[175],"application":[178],"made":[182],"paper":[185],"would":[186],"bring":[187],"about":[188],"more":[190],"efficient":[191],"impactful":[193],"law.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2025-10-28T00:00:00"}