{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415315425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","title":"3D multiscale modeling of fault-slip rockbursts around deep tunnels: Insights into static versus dynamic triggering mechanisms","display_name":"3D multiscale modeling of fault-slip rockbursts around deep tunnels: Insights into static versus dynamic triggering mechanisms","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415315425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129124101","display_name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","issn_l":"1365-1609","issn":["1365-1609","1873-4545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4415315425"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101920502","display_name":"Wenbo Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5527-2914","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5527-2914"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}],"countries":["CN","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbo Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden","Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100609864","display_name":"Zixin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6742-2580","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6742-2580"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zixin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078337645","display_name":"Shuaifeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0991-3968","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0991-3968"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuaifeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112413983","display_name":"Chenxi Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4517-4584","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4517-4584","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8973-9164"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenxi Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085238022","display_name":"Qinghua Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3990-4707","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3990-4707"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qinghua Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3990-4707","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085238022","https://openalex.org/A5100609864"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780","https://openalex.org/I123387679"],"apc_list":{"value":4110,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4110},"apc_paid":{"value":4110,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4110},"fwci":1.8427,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82192841,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"195","issue":null,"first_page":"106311","last_page":"106311"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10161","display_name":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10161","display_name":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13619","display_name":"Geotechnical and Geomechanical Engineering","score":0.015200000256299973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12482","display_name":"Tunneling and Rock Mechanics","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-tunnels","display_name":"deep tunnels","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-triggering","display_name":"dynamic triggering","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismic-wave-propagation","display_name":"seismic wave propagation","score":0.734000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.7817999720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43369102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2307625","display_name":"Fracture (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5349000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.498199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141123601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935072","display_name":"Multiscale modeling","level":2,"score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.4551999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780490779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16966490","display_name":"Earthquake rupture","level":3,"score":0.39079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993348884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186167","display_name":"Seismic energy","level":2,"score":0.3824999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78542244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186167","display_name":"Seismic wave","level":2,"score":0.36970001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90626213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308911","display_name":"Earthquake simulation","level":2,"score":0.36059999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989031253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Numerical modeling","level":2,"score":0.3456999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3452000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508345","display_name":"Lead (geology)","level":2,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993808335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186167","display_name":"Seismic velocity","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986058073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Dynamic stress","level":3,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75778745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q342626","display_name":"Lag","level":2,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500300565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Computer simulation","level":2,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83176761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394636","display_name":"Induced seismicity","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986605239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Numerical models","level":3,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129124101","display_name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","issn_l":"1365-1609","issn":["1365-1609","1873-4545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4970331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4970331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4970331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:uu-570630","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-570630","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106311","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129124101","display_name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","issn_l":"1365-1609","issn":["1365-1609","1873-4545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1897879892","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52378407","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2330932774","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024T170670","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3620552334","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202306260191","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4849397587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023M732670","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5325024848","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42377146","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":96,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1606053680","https://openalex.org/W1927735207","https://openalex.org/W1966333958","https://openalex.org/W1980014734","https://openalex.org/W1982575752","https://openalex.org/W1991739343","https://openalex.org/W1995063813","https://openalex.org/W1997673386","https://openalex.org/W1998227482","https://openalex.org/W2002374965","https://openalex.org/W2005461675","https://openalex.org/W2014874781","https://openalex.org/W2017274089","https://openalex.org/W2022858863","https://openalex.org/W2037583343","https://openalex.org/W2043534441","https://openalex.org/W2064433518","https://openalex.org/W2070937977","https://openalex.org/W2084034544","https://openalex.org/W2085003380","https://openalex.org/W2088358797","https://openalex.org/W2093509339","https://openalex.org/W2104694156","https://openalex.org/W2119412688","https://openalex.org/W2141681593","https://openalex.org/W2143585984","https://openalex.org/W2151358043","https://openalex.org/W2266569694","https://openalex.org/W2294896977","https://openalex.org/W2312359627","https://openalex.org/W2321768709","https://openalex.org/W2336805005","https://openalex.org/W2343457008","https://openalex.org/W2422547170","https://openalex.org/W2503284685","https://openalex.org/W2509344934","https://openalex.org/W2575072911","https://openalex.org/W2606782710","https://openalex.org/W2610375860","https://openalex.org/W2622811276","https://openalex.org/W2724998772","https://openalex.org/W2732429102","https://openalex.org/W2763432138","https://openalex.org/W2763887457","https://openalex.org/W2774439876","https://openalex.org/W2808670968","https://openalex.org/W2810353140","https://openalex.org/W2883365608","https://openalex.org/W2889324073","https://openalex.org/W2897865480","https://openalex.org/W2898634631","https://openalex.org/W2904504237","https://openalex.org/W2921673216","https://openalex.org/W2953743022","https://openalex.org/W2955003086","https://openalex.org/W3009396857","https://openalex.org/W3082688416","https://openalex.org/W3086715933","https://openalex.org/W3093536394","https://openalex.org/W3107873115","https://openalex.org/W3118597772","https://openalex.org/W3158274222","https://openalex.org/W3160334519","https://openalex.org/W3196938644","https://openalex.org/W3201176760","https://openalex.org/W4205169943","https://openalex.org/W4211212742","https://openalex.org/W4224103622","https://openalex.org/W4224209638","https://openalex.org/W4230175284","https://openalex.org/W4243437659","https://openalex.org/W4246648831","https://openalex.org/W4283071808","https://openalex.org/W4283318224","https://openalex.org/W4292975023","https://openalex.org/W4294052000","https://openalex.org/W4299979405","https://openalex.org/W4311836295","https://openalex.org/W4318333033","https://openalex.org/W4318757287","https://openalex.org/W4383702755","https://openalex.org/W4384700753","https://openalex.org/W4385987522","https://openalex.org/W4386976430","https://openalex.org/W4391765242","https://openalex.org/W4392961639","https://openalex.org/W4392963350","https://openalex.org/W4396854906","https://openalex.org/W4399142762","https://openalex.org/W4399304990","https://openalex.org/W4400974552","https://openalex.org/W4407002869","https://openalex.org/W4409657997","https://openalex.org/W4410211808","https://openalex.org/W4410279718","https://openalex.org/W4410540913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7131068793","https://openalex.org/W4392596397","https://openalex.org/W4410319838","https://openalex.org/W7214502311","https://openalex.org/W6903433315","https://openalex.org/W7139969377","https://openalex.org/W4365515846","https://openalex.org/W2035032965","https://openalex.org/W4405047519","https://openalex.org/W4415942869"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,64,234],"occurrence":[1],"of":[2,28,134,161,171,183,195],"violent":[3,119],"and":[4,15,25,42,82,89,122,175,205,212,241],"destructive":[5],"fault-slip":[6,62,111,231,251],"rockbursts":[7,252],"during":[8,216],"deep":[9,217],"underground":[10,218],"excavations":[11],"remains":[12],"poorly":[13],"understood":[14],"difficult":[16],"to":[17,20,68,229],"predict,":[18],"due":[19],"their":[21],"inherent":[22],"multiscale":[23,57,224],"complexity":[24],"the":[26,46,85,103,110,131,138,180,189,196,254],"interplay":[27],"coupled":[29],"physical":[30],"processes,":[31],"including":[32],"seismogenic":[33],"fault":[34,104,239],"rupture,":[35],"coseismic":[36,87,150,184],"stress":[37,91,152,186,248],"redistribution,":[38],"seismic":[39,74,135,167],"wave":[40],"propagation,":[41],"fracture":[43],"growth":[44],"around":[45,93],"excavation.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"study,":[50],"we":[51],"develop":[52],"a":[53,77,94,144,207],"novel":[54,222],"three-dimensional":[55],"(3D)":[56],"computational":[58],"framework":[59,209,226],"for":[60,210],"modeling":[61,225],"rockbursts.":[63,232],"model":[65,235],"is":[66,227],"used":[67],"simulate":[69,230],"an":[70],"M":[71],"w":[72],"2.88":[73],"rupture":[75,240],"along":[76],"500":[78],"m-long":[79],"normal":[80],"fault,":[81],"further":[83,178],"captures":[84,237],"resulting":[86],"static":[88,151,185,247],"dynamic":[90,162],"changes":[92,249],"10":[95],"m-diameter":[96],"tunnel":[97],"located":[98],"100":[99],"m":[100],"away":[101],"from":[102],"hypocenter.":[105],"Simulation":[106],"results":[107],"show":[108],"that":[109],"event":[112],"can":[113],"trigger":[114],"severe":[115],"rockbursts,":[116],"characterized":[117],"by":[118,149],"rock":[120],"ejection":[121],"rapid":[123],"energy":[124],"release":[125],"occurring":[126],"approximately":[127],"0.17":[128],"s":[129],"after":[130],"peak":[132],"amplitude":[133],"waves":[136],"reaches":[137],"tunnel.":[139],"This":[140],"time":[141],"lag":[142],"reveals":[143],"dominant":[145],"triggering":[146,163],"mechanism":[147],"driven":[148],"changes,":[153],"which":[154],"has":[155],"often":[156],"been":[157],"overlooked":[158],"in":[159,188,253],"favor":[160],"effects":[164],"associated":[165],"with":[166],"waves.":[168],"Sensitivity":[169],"analyses":[170],"different":[172],"earthquake":[173],"magnitudes":[174],"tunnel-fault":[176],"configurations":[177],"confirm":[179],"primary":[181],"role":[182],"perturbations":[187],"near-field,":[190],"especially":[191],"within":[192],"compressional":[193],"quadrants":[194],"mainshock":[197],"rupture.":[198],"These":[199],"findings":[200],"provide":[201],"new":[202],"mechanistic":[203],"insights":[204],"establish":[206],"physic-based":[208],"assessing":[211],"mitigating":[213],"rockburst":[214],"hazards":[215],"excavations.":[219],"\u2022":[220,233,245],"A":[221],"3D":[223],"developed":[228],"simultaneously":[236],"large-scale":[238],"small-scale":[242],"crack":[243],"growth.":[244],"Coseismic":[246],"drive":[250],"near-field.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2025-10-18T00:00:00"}
