{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415230601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102516","title":"Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring Parameters and Risk of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury in Thyroidectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","display_name":"Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring Parameters and Risk of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury in Thyroidectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415230601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102516","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41153796","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12561866"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/biomedicines13102516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102516","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737005842","display_name":"Biomedicines","issn_l":"2227-9059","issn":["2227-9059"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedicines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102516","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003512869","display_name":"Shlomo Merchavy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0442-835X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0442-835X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801977241","display_name":"Rebecca Sieff Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05mw4gk09","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801977241"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shlomo Merchavy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 13100, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 13100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801977241"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108330660","display_name":"Kenan Kassem","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801977241","display_name":"Rebecca Sieff Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05mw4gk09","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801977241"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenan Kassem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 13100, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 13100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801977241"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120002279","display_name":"Rifat Awawde","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799294462","display_name":"Emek Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02b988t02","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799294462","https://openalex.org/I64767286"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rifat Awawde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Emek Medical Center, Afula 18317, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Emek Medical Center, Afula 18317, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799294462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094179573","display_name":"Uday Abd Elhadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801977241","display_name":"Rebecca Sieff Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05mw4gk09","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801977241"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uday Abd Elhadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 13100, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 13100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801977241"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001980114","display_name":"Alaa Safia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9574-8729","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9574-8729"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801977241","display_name":"Rebecca Sieff Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05mw4gk09","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801977241"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alaa Safia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 13100, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9574-8729","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed 13100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801977241"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001980114"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801977241"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":1.7023,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84579439,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"10","first_page":"2516","last_page":"2516"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11728","display_name":"Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11728","display_name":"Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12476","display_name":"Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Anesthetic Effects","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11930","display_name":"Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-laryngeal-nerve-injury","display_name":"recurrent laryngeal nerve injury","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intraoperative-neurophysiological-monitoring","display_name":"intraoperative neuromonitoring","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thyroidectomy","display_name":"thyroidectomy","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nerve-injury-prevention","display_name":"nerve injury prevention","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation-amplitude","display_name":"stimulation amplitude","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromuscular-blockade","display_name":"neuromuscular blockade","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-voice-disorders","display_name":"postoperative voice disorders","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-complications","display_name":"surgical complications","score":0.4390000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9246000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776109941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740541","display_name":"Recurrent laryngeal nerve","level":3,"score":0.6298999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909465803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286619","display_name":"Neuromuscular Blockade","level":2,"score":0.5303000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.49639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81182388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353963","display_name":"Complication","level":2,"score":0.4569000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.43689998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775991916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945973","display_name":"Nerve injury","level":2,"score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018430268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157299","display_name":"Nerve stimulation","level":3,"score":0.4223000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105922876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423981","display_name":"Airway","level":2,"score":0.39649999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778468042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273976","display_name":"Blockade","level":3,"score":0.3937999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.35850000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777074255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1351681","display_name":"Thyroidectomy","level":3,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.32350000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909910804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157299","display_name":"Nerve stimulator","level":2,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780978852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286949","display_name":"Airway management","level":3,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/biomedicines13102516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102516","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737005842","display_name":"Biomedicines","issn_l":"2227-9059","issn":["2227-9059"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedicines","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11371485","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12561866","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:41153796","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41153796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedicines","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:637130cfcf9d4c40b4c544ed1350be6d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/637130cfcf9d4c40b4c544ed1350be6d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Biomedicines, Vol 13, Iss 10, p 2516 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/biomedicines13102516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102516","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737005842","display_name":"Biomedicines","issn_l":"2227-9059","issn":["2227-9059"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedicines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":114,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52402850","https://openalex.org/W796447841","https://openalex.org/W798968030","https://openalex.org/W1513043103","https://openalex.org/W1578567350","https://openalex.org/W1733559303","https://openalex.org/W1956766704","https://openalex.org/W1970123514","https://openalex.org/W1975689841","https://openalex.org/W1982604657","https://openalex.org/W1985242371","https://openalex.org/W1990414395","https://openalex.org/W1999021329","https://openalex.org/W2013519035","https://openalex.org/W2018747942","https://openalex.org/W2030354524","https://openalex.org/W2032142722","https://openalex.org/W2034000793","https://openalex.org/W2037441012","https://openalex.org/W2040860995","https://openalex.org/W2053842519","https://openalex.org/W2057441072","https://openalex.org/W2058754255","https://openalex.org/W2060088784","https://openalex.org/W2061739746","https://openalex.org/W2065234583","https://openalex.org/W2073644162","https://openalex.org/W2074430077","https://openalex.org/W2075392618","https://openalex.org/W2078815650","https://openalex.org/W2082785104","https://openalex.org/W2103891692","https://openalex.org/W2110795546","https://openalex.org/W2123325806","https://openalex.org/W2132602701","https://openalex.org/W2133289413","https://openalex.org/W2134822918","https://openalex.org/W2137606810","https://openalex.org/W2153043827","https://openalex.org/W2153605469","https://openalex.org/W2155259352","https://openalex.org/W2158945765","https://openalex.org/W2171557452","https://openalex.org/W2261066360","https://openalex.org/W2281716549","https://openalex.org/W2326622013","https://openalex.org/W2345973201","https://openalex.org/W2401655640","https://openalex.org/W2465656379","https://openalex.org/W2471891349","https://openalex.org/W2500430880","https://openalex.org/W2511457397","https://openalex.org/W2604570521","https://openalex.org/W2609444382","https://openalex.org/W2737164926","https://openalex.org/W2754432630","https://openalex.org/W2762327762","https://openalex.org/W2767915384","https://openalex.org/W2789313567","https://openalex.org/W2804107289","https://openalex.org/W2804287842","https://openalex.org/W2805782410","https://openalex.org/W2897095447","https://openalex.org/W2897782922","https://openalex.org/W2898098564","https://openalex.org/W2905690896","https://openalex.org/W2933521703","https://openalex.org/W2936715366","https://openalex.org/W2948819680","https://openalex.org/W2952009885","https://openalex.org/W2953718855","https://openalex.org/W2954122883","https://openalex.org/W2955273115","https://openalex.org/W2957606078","https://openalex.org/W2960632701","https://openalex.org/W2986921917","https://openalex.org/W2991875244","https://openalex.org/W2995484338","https://openalex.org/W2999893515","https://openalex.org/W3015126898","https://openalex.org/W3025241990","https://openalex.org/W3028675629","https://openalex.org/W3035353206","https://openalex.org/W3045753374","https://openalex.org/W3048910664","https://openalex.org/W3085188609","https://openalex.org/W3088945409","https://openalex.org/W3094366136","https://openalex.org/W3099849933","https://openalex.org/W3102486818","https://openalex.org/W3112586193","https://openalex.org/W3112959723","https://openalex.org/W3166006014","https://openalex.org/W3175571207","https://openalex.org/W3188704897","https://openalex.org/W3200861599","https://openalex.org/W3216114503","https://openalex.org/W4200012620","https://openalex.org/W4200323397","https://openalex.org/W4206015646","https://openalex.org/W4206493255","https://openalex.org/W4210948095","https://openalex.org/W4224136868","https://openalex.org/W4225007754","https://openalex.org/W4285387682","https://openalex.org/W4293792340","https://openalex.org/W4307946501","https://openalex.org/W4309409245","https://openalex.org/W4315785830","https://openalex.org/W4327954960","https://openalex.org/W4366272874","https://openalex.org/W4394920430","https://openalex.org/W4400216789","https://openalex.org/W4400230283"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2805782410","https://openalex.org/W4293279722","https://openalex.org/W2123325806","https://openalex.org/W3094366136","https://openalex.org/W4386996130","https://openalex.org/W1733559303","https://openalex.org/W4224136868","https://openalex.org/W2500430880","https://openalex.org/W4281749386","https://openalex.org/W2604570521"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background/Objectives:":[0],"Recurrent":[1],"laryngeal":[2],"nerve":[3,21,30],"injury":[4],"(RLNI)":[5],"is":[6],"a":[7,188,201],"major":[8],"complication":[9],"of":[10,18,66,73,144,224,251],"thyroidectomy,":[11],"affecting":[12],"voice,":[13],"airway":[14],"protection,":[15],"and":[16,32,44,62,77,90,100,103,109,133,200,222,249],"quality":[17],"life.":[19],"Intraoperative":[20],"monitoring":[22,128],"(IONM)":[23],"has":[24],"been":[25],"introduced":[26],"to":[27,47],"complement":[28],"direct":[29],"visualization":[31],"reduce":[33],"RLNI":[34,49,85,105,120,155,175,182,194,207,233],"risk,":[35,234],"but":[36],"its":[37],"efficacy":[38],"remains":[39],"controversial.":[40],"This":[41],"systematic":[42],"review":[43],"meta-analysis":[45,113],"aimed":[46],"determine":[48],"prevalence":[50,94],"with":[51,55,89,158,213,239],"IONM,":[52,216],"compare":[53],"rates":[54,86],"historical":[56,110,166],"no-IONM":[57],"cohorts,":[58],"perform":[59],"head-to-head":[60],"comparisons,":[61],"assess":[63],"the":[64,151],"influence":[65],"IONM":[67,107,126,159,230],"characteristics.":[68],"Methods:":[69],"PubMed,":[70],"Scopus,":[71],"Web":[72],"Science,":[74],"Cochrane":[75],"Library,":[76],"Google":[78],"Scholar":[79],"were":[80,96,227],"searched":[81],"for":[82,98,119,236],"studies":[83,108,146],"reporting":[84],"in":[87,106,165,178,191,204],"thyroidectomy":[88],"without":[91],"IONM.":[92,214],"Pooled":[93],"estimates":[95],"calculated":[97],"transient":[99,154,192],"permanent":[101,174,205],"unilateral":[102,173,193,206,237],"bilateral":[104],"controls.":[111],"Direct":[112,185],"estimated":[114],"pooled":[115],"odds":[116],"ratios":[117],"(ORs)":[118],"risk":[121],"reduction.":[122],"Subgroup":[123],"analyses":[124],"examined":[125],"type,":[127],"model,":[129],"stimulation":[130,218,247],"amplitude,":[131],"voltage,":[132],"neuromuscular":[134,225,252],"blockade":[135,226],"use;":[136],"meta-regression":[137],"identified":[138],"influential":[139],"parameters.":[140],"Results:":[141],"A":[142],"total":[143],"103":[145],"involving":[147],"132,212":[148],"patients":[149],"met":[150],"criteria.":[152],"Unilateral":[153],"was":[156,176,183],"lower":[157,217],"(4%,":[160],"95%":[161,169,197,210],"CI:":[162,170,198,211],"4\u20135%)":[163],"than":[164],"controls":[167],"(5%,":[168],"4\u20136%),":[171],"while":[172],"1%":[177],"both":[179],"groups.":[180],"Bilateral":[181],"rare.":[184],"comparison":[186],"showed":[187],"38%":[189],"reduction":[190,203],"(OR:":[195,208],"0.62,":[196],"0.42\u20130.79)":[199],"51%":[202],"0.49,":[209],"0.34\u20130.70)":[212],"Continuous":[215],"amplitudes":[219],"(\u22642":[220],"mA),":[221],"avoidance":[223,250],"protective.":[228],"Conclusions:":[229],"significantly":[231],"reduces":[232],"particularly":[235],"injuries,":[238],"optimal":[240],"protection":[241],"achieved":[242],"through":[243],"continuous":[244],"monitoring,":[245],"low":[246],"amplitudes,":[248],"blockade.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-16T00:00:00"}