{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415189372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2025.2562604","title":"Hyperspectral remote sensing and machine learning approaches for precise prediction of Ocimum basilicum L. Yield","display_name":"Hyperspectral remote sensing and machine learning approaches for precise prediction of Ocimum basilicum L. Yield","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415189372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2025.2562604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01431161.2025.2562604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2025.2562604","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2025.2562604","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117411352","display_name":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0143-1161","issn":["0143-1161","1366-5901"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030742930","display_name":"Kishor Chandra Kandpal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0371-0895","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0371-0895"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128326","display_name":"Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03xcn0p72","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66760702","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99364266","display_name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rcsq61","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kishor Chandra Kandpal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India","RS-GIS Laboratory, Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0371-0895","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RS-GIS Laboratory, Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000710544","display_name":"Yog Raj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1415-1120","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1415-1120"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128326","display_name":"Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03xcn0p72","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66760702","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99364266","display_name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rcsq61","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yog Raj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India","Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Manisha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128326","display_name":"Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03xcn0p72","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66760702","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99364266","display_name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rcsq61","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manisha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India","RS-GIS Laboratory, Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RS-GIS Laboratory, Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100607799","display_name":"Meenakshi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128326","display_name":"Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03xcn0p72","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66760702","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99364266","display_name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rcsq61","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meenakshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","RS-GIS Laboratory, Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RS-GIS Laboratory, Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090391437","display_name":"Rakesh Ranjan Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4192-1976","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4192-1976"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128326","display_name":"Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03xcn0p72","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66760702","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99364266","display_name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rcsq61","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rakesh Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India","Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100709648","display_name":"Amit Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-3575","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-3575"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128326","display_name":"Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03xcn0p72","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66760702","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99364266","display_name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rcsq61","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amit Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India","RS-GIS Laboratory, Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-3575","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99364266"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RS-GIS Laboratory, Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100709648"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128326","https://openalex.org/I66760702","https://openalex.org/I99364266"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"21","first_page":"8080","last_page":"8105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.06650000065565109,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.04859999939799309,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocimum-basilicum","display_name":"Ocimum basilicum","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-remote-sensing","display_name":"hyperspectral remote sensing","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy-reflectance","display_name":"canopy reflectance","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/derivative-spectra","display_name":"derivative spectra","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partial-least-squares-regression","display_name":"partial least squares regression","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ridge-regression","display_name":"ridge regression","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lasso","display_name":"LASSO","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elastic-net","display_name":"elastic net","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"random forest","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essential-oil-crops","display_name":"essential oil crops","score":0.6110000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.7828999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7674000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5141000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47870001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38280001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183365957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17140402","display_name":"Remote sensing application","level":3,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32989999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01431161.2025.2562604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2025.2562604","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2025.2562604","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117411352","display_name":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0143-1161","issn":["0143-1161","1366-5901"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.8409000039100647,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W135755314","https://openalex.org/W139145493","https://openalex.org/W174814955","https://openalex.org/W1831050183","https://openalex.org/W1939394405","https://openalex.org/W1969893793","https://openalex.org/W1983603319","https://openalex.org/W1996195892","https://openalex.org/W2001826939","https://openalex.org/W2004787007","https://openalex.org/W2010119146","https://openalex.org/W2021335087","https://openalex.org/W2030334626","https://openalex.org/W2031126473","https://openalex.org/W2047450479","https://openalex.org/W2058890801","https://openalex.org/W2063405905","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2094081989","https://openalex.org/W2106477244","https://openalex.org/W2122755621","https://openalex.org/W2277985105","https://openalex.org/W2293871383","https://openalex.org/W2314956869","https://openalex.org/W2571548548","https://openalex.org/W2594372785","https://openalex.org/W2744036657","https://openalex.org/W2760883534","https://openalex.org/W2800939594","https://openalex.org/W2868664403","https://openalex.org/W2888753230","https://openalex.org/W2904875053","https://openalex.org/W2921277556","https://openalex.org/W2953686964","https://openalex.org/W2979666105","https://openalex.org/W2982418982","https://openalex.org/W2998312361","https://openalex.org/W3007045993","https://openalex.org/W3007651920","https://openalex.org/W3010161973","https://openalex.org/W3045041747","https://openalex.org/W3083712094","https://openalex.org/W3086446917","https://openalex.org/W3087953628","https://openalex.org/W3101900238","https://openalex.org/W3111590410","https://openalex.org/W3131273225","https://openalex.org/W3139128190","https://openalex.org/W3172851299","https://openalex.org/W3193996893","https://openalex.org/W3197232566","https://openalex.org/W3197429951","https://openalex.org/W3205788253","https://openalex.org/W3216517794","https://openalex.org/W4250024550","https://openalex.org/W4252208101","https://openalex.org/W4255909838","https://openalex.org/W4281752332","https://openalex.org/W4291824844","https://openalex.org/W4292070928","https://openalex.org/W4299325367","https://openalex.org/W4308723219","https://openalex.org/W4309146774","https://openalex.org/W4312249039","https://openalex.org/W4323567490","https://openalex.org/W4363676904","https://openalex.org/W4364378198","https://openalex.org/W4364379307","https://openalex.org/W4366742542","https://openalex.org/W4377115554","https://openalex.org/W4391925853"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410495179","https://openalex.org/W3154050314","https://openalex.org/W2032598182","https://openalex.org/W4413291475","https://openalex.org/W4407852125","https://openalex.org/W4403946658","https://openalex.org/W4401410001","https://openalex.org/W4403817278","https://openalex.org/W4386221215","https://openalex.org/W4413415018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ocimum":[0],"basilicum":[1,97],"L.,":[2],"an":[3,215],"essential":[4,21,37],"oil-bearing":[5],"medicinal":[6],"and":[7,75,88,122,129,151,154,186,241],"aromatic":[8],"crop,":[9,30],"is":[10,36],"extensively":[11],"cultivated":[12],"in":[13,149,182,190],"India,":[14],"which":[15],"produces":[16],"over":[17],"350":[18],"Mg":[19],"of":[20,28,55,65,95,218,231,234,248],"oil":[22],"annually.":[23],"To":[24],"meet":[25],"the":[26,47,60,80,114,146,163,183,191,229],"demand":[27],"this":[29,226],"yield":[31,93,175,209,213,246],"estimation":[32,247],"prior":[33,251],"to":[34,45,84,98,144,198,221,237,252],"harvesting":[35,44,63],"for":[38,58,91,208,244],"effective":[39],"crop":[40,62,101,115],"management,":[41],"allowing":[42],"optimal":[43],"obtain":[46],"maximum":[48],"yield.":[49],"However,":[50],"literature":[51],"indicates":[52],"a":[53,86,109,239],"lack":[54],"such":[56],"models":[57,124],"identifying":[59],"optimum":[61],"stage":[64],"O.":[66,96,249],"basilicum.":[67],"Therefore,":[68],"by":[69],"leveraging":[70],"Hyperspectral":[71],"Remote":[72],"Sensing":[73],"(HRS)":[74],"Machine":[76],"Learning":[77],"(ML)":[78],"approaches,":[79],"present":[81],"study":[82,227],"aimed":[83],"develop":[85,238],"precise":[87],"robust":[89],"model":[90,141,166,177,195],"early":[92],"prediction":[94,176],"achieve":[99],"maximized":[100],"production.":[102],"Canopy-level":[103],"spectral":[104,205],"data":[105,200,236],"were":[106,132],"recorded":[107],"using":[108,201],"handheld":[110],"spectroradiometer":[111],"sensor":[112],"throughout":[113],"growth":[116],"stages.":[117],"Several":[118],"conventional":[119],"statistical":[120],"techniques":[121],"ML":[123],"(Ridge,":[125],"LASSO,":[126],"Elastic":[127],"Net,":[128],"Random":[130],"Forest)":[131],"explored.":[133],"Partial":[134],"Least":[135],"Square":[136],"Regression":[137],"(PLSR)":[138],"feature":[139],"selection":[140],"was":[142,172,196],"employed":[143],"mitigate":[145],"high":[147],"redundancy":[148],"reflectance":[150],"its":[152],"1st":[153],"2nd":[155,169],"order":[156,170],"derivatives":[157,171],"data.":[158],"Our":[159],"analysis":[160,233],"revealed":[161],"that":[162],"ridge":[164],"regression":[165],"with":[167,204],"PLSR-selected":[168],"superior.":[173],"This":[174],"achieved":[178],"R2":[179,187],"=":[180,188],"0.71":[181],"training":[184],"dataset":[185],"0.88":[189],"testing":[192],"dataset.":[193],"The":[194,211],"applied":[197],"field":[199],"hyperspectral":[202],"imagery,":[203],"bands":[206],"optimized":[207],"estimation.":[210],"predicted":[212],"showed":[214],"average":[216],"difference":[217],"19%":[219],"compared":[220],"actual":[222],"yields.":[223],"In":[224],"conclusion,":[225],"demonstrated":[228],"effectiveness":[230],"ML-based":[232],"HRS":[235],"rapid":[240],"efficient":[242],"method":[243],"accurate":[245],"basilicum,":[250],"harvest.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2025-10-15T00:00:00"}
