{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415106970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","title":"A litmus test for plant consciousness: Pattern\u2013Temporal Synergy in a relation-first ontology","display_name":"A litmus test for plant consciousness: Pattern\u2013Temporal Synergy in a relation-first ontology","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415106970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41098843","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12520086"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197152527","display_name":"Communicative & Integrative Biology","issn_l":"1942-0889","issn":["1942-0889"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communicative &amp; Integrative Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013252048","display_name":"Arie Todd Greenleaf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3095-6145","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3095-6145"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203088144","display_name":"Nova Southeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/042bbge36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arie T. Greenleaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nova Southeastern University","College of Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3095-6145","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nova Southeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013252048"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"],"apc_list":{"value":1190,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1459},"apc_paid":{"value":1190,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1459},"fwci":0.4326,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53530168,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"2563993","last_page":"2563993"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12813","display_name":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12813","display_name":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10258","display_name":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13044","display_name":"Biofield Effects and Biophysics","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-consciousness","display_name":"plant consciousness","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-cognition","display_name":"plant cognition","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-information-theory","display_name":"integrated information theory","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diethyl-ether","display_name":"diethyl ether","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-sentience","display_name":"plant sentience","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-reference","display_name":"self-reference","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-integration","display_name":"information integration","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/responsiveness","display_name":"responsiveness","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flux","display_name":"flux","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimosa-pudica","display_name":"Mimosa pudica","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabidopsis-thaliana","display_name":"Arabidopsis thaliana","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norway-spruce","display_name":"Norway spruce","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-imaging","display_name":"calcium imaging","score":0.8560000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.47749999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4505000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.41830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186720457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7087","display_name":"Consciousness","level":2,"score":0.400299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.39469999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38850000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203763787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371029","display_name":"Null (SQL)","level":2,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20155586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192891","display_name":"Holism","level":2,"score":0.34360000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777415597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546243","display_name":"Grice","level":3,"score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191988596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628374","display_name":"Null hypothesis","level":2,"score":0.33340001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13200473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2747831","display_name":"Reflexivity","level":2,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194995250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531136","display_name":"Affordance","level":2,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780492140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4066779","display_name":"Undoing","level":2,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89267518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179488","display_name":"Psycholinguistics","level":3,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14216870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3872","display_name":"Neuropsychology","level":3,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188660851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045712","display_name":"Neuroeconomics","level":2,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110099512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59115","display_name":"Philosophy of science","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777880217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4674282","display_name":"Acknowledgement","level":2,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68483431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2076770","display_name":"snRNP","level":5,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97508593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359069","display_name":"Contingency","level":2,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908737895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67198600","display_name":"Pyrophosphatases","level":3,"score":0.25040000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197152527","display_name":"Communicative & Integrative Biology","issn_l":"1942-0889","issn":["1942-0889"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communicative &amp; Integrative Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/jzrt2_v4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/jzrt2_v4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/jzrt2_v4","pdf_url":"https://osf.io/jzrt2_v4/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11327699","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12520086","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:41098843","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41098843","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communicative & integrative biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12520086","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12520086/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Commun Integr Biol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:133ecef786bf49c5b346656371f6c32b","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/133ecef786bf49c5b346656371f6c32b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Communicative & Integrative Biology, Vol 18, Iss 1 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:ace30df7-d1fd-4a20-b83f-3b2cd8b32ebb","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/jzrt2_v4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19420889.2025.2563993?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197152527","display_name":"Communicative & Integrative Biology","issn_l":"1942-0889","issn":["1942-0889"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communicative &amp; Integrative Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415106970.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415106970.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104727056","https://openalex.org/W1769347018","https://openalex.org/W1899852503","https://openalex.org/W1966641148","https://openalex.org/W1969469858","https://openalex.org/W1974026338","https://openalex.org/W1980521192","https://openalex.org/W1993604643","https://openalex.org/W2000819927","https://openalex.org/W2002996884","https://openalex.org/W2014306526","https://openalex.org/W2015304937","https://openalex.org/W2045823870","https://openalex.org/W2049449170","https://openalex.org/W2051340527","https://openalex.org/W2052568503","https://openalex.org/W2054128638","https://openalex.org/W2056271550","https://openalex.org/W2057615430","https://openalex.org/W2082484205","https://openalex.org/W2098746383","https://openalex.org/W2109463076","https://openalex.org/W2115810652","https://openalex.org/W2122514207","https://openalex.org/W2129742189","https://openalex.org/W2131681506","https://openalex.org/W2132022337","https://openalex.org/W2135595031","https://openalex.org/W2138273734","https://openalex.org/W2140812884","https://openalex.org/W2144655282","https://openalex.org/W2146052710","https://openalex.org/W2152044871","https://openalex.org/W2152083760","https://openalex.org/W2271224807","https://openalex.org/W2329452519","https://openalex.org/W2394834952","https://openalex.org/W2478708596","https://openalex.org/W2484987043","https://openalex.org/W2519183946","https://openalex.org/W2526529257","https://openalex.org/W2559171350","https://openalex.org/W2604593554","https://openalex.org/W2664609681","https://openalex.org/W2772695228","https://openalex.org/W2783525259","https://openalex.org/W2805454227","https://openalex.org/W2806654158","https://openalex.org/W2890000453","https://openalex.org/W2899377329","https://openalex.org/W2950205567","https://openalex.org/W2953521529","https://openalex.org/W2987643774","https://openalex.org/W3000480837","https://openalex.org/W3013253287","https://openalex.org/W3023527402","https://openalex.org/W3035943856","https://openalex.org/W3036577843","https://openalex.org/W3098439442","https://openalex.org/W3110151578","https://openalex.org/W3125218850","https://openalex.org/W3127122147","https://openalex.org/W3203931103","https://openalex.org/W4230066411","https://openalex.org/W4235317699","https://openalex.org/W4240549567","https://openalex.org/W4394735253","https://openalex.org/W4412364817","https://openalex.org/W6674851815","https://openalex.org/W6968372545"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3093325083","https://openalex.org/W7065541926","https://openalex.org/W3129455094","https://openalex.org/W1796196687","https://openalex.org/W2997857533","https://openalex.org/W7160897869","https://openalex.org/W4399907062","https://openalex.org/W4412106128","https://openalex.org/W3139268003","https://openalex.org/W6968372545"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Plant":[0],"cognition":[1],"has":[2],"progressed":[3],"from":[4,204],"anecdote":[5],"to":[6,206],"rigor,":[7],"yet":[8],"the":[9,100],"field":[10],"still":[11],"lacks":[12],"a":[13,34,40,64,90,174,187],"quantitative":[14],"test":[15,176],"for":[16,177,189],"when":[17],"distributed":[18],"plant":[19,172,202],"activity":[20],"crosses":[21],"into":[22,167],"unified":[23],"-":[24,27,53,61,126,133,192],"perhaps":[25],"conscious":[26],"processing.":[28],"I":[29],"introduce":[30],"Pattern-Temporal":[31],"Synergy":[32],"(PTS),":[33],"substrate-agnostic":[35],"metric":[36],"rooted":[37],"in":[38,43,107],"Dynergeia,":[39],"relation-first":[41],"ontology":[42],"which":[44],"consciousness":[45,214],"is":[46,71,80,94],"reflexive":[47],"coherence":[48,92],"among":[49],"five":[50],"universal":[51],"patterns":[52],"self-reference,":[54],"division-creation,":[55],"information":[56],"integration,":[57],"responsiveness,":[58],"and":[59,86,141,185],"flux":[60],"phase-locked":[62],"inside":[63],"system's":[65],"binding":[66],"window":[67],"(\u03c4).":[68],"Each":[69],"pattern":[70],"operationalized":[72],"with":[73,149],"established":[74],"signal-processing":[75],"measures;":[76],"their":[77,83],"median":[78],"strength":[79],"multiplied":[81],"by":[82,157],"mean":[84],"synergy":[85],"released":[87],"only":[88],"if":[89],"\u03c4-specific":[91],"gate":[93],"met.":[95],"Three":[96],"preregistered":[97,158],"hypotheses":[98],"anchor":[99],"study:":[101],"H1":[102],"baseline":[103],"PTS":[104,114,119,154,170],">":[105],"0":[106],"intact":[108],"plants;":[109],"H2":[110],"4%":[111],"diethyl-ether":[112],"collapses":[113],"below":[115],"threshold":[116],"\u03d5;":[117],"H3":[118],"rebounds":[120],"on":[121,201],"wash-out.":[122],"A":[123],"multispecies":[124],"protocol":[125],"Mimosa":[127],"pudica,":[128],"Arabidopsis":[129],"thaliana,":[130],"Picea":[131],"abies":[132],"combines":[134],"64-channel":[135],"surface":[136],"electrodes,":[137],"glutamate-sensitive":[138],"Ca2+":[139],"imaging":[140],"micro-optode":[142],"O2/heat-flux":[143],"probes.":[144],"Sliding":[145],"3":[146],"\u00d7\u03c4":[147],"windows":[148],"phase-shuffled":[150],"surrogates":[151],"yield":[152],"z-scored":[153],"trajectories,":[155],"adjudicated":[156],"effect-size":[159],"criteria.":[160],"By":[161],"turning":[162],"decades":[163],"of":[164],"qualitative":[165],"insight":[166],"falsifiable":[168],"numbers,":[169],"offers":[171],"biology":[173],"litmus":[175],"conscious-level":[178],"processing,":[179],"directly":[180],"challenges":[181],"Integrated":[182],"Information":[183],"Theory":[184],"supplies":[186],"road-map":[188],"cross-kingdom":[190],"comparisons":[191],"including":[193],"neuromorphic":[194],"silicon.":[195],"Confirmatory":[196],"results":[197,209],"would":[198,210],"shift":[199],"debates":[200],"sentience":[203],"speculation":[205],"data;":[207],"null":[208],"equally":[211],"refine":[212],"what":[213],"requires.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
