{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415040802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197660515.003.0007","title":"Xerxes\u2019s Greek Campaign as Manpower Spectacle","display_name":"Xerxes\u2019s Greek Campaign as Manpower Spectacle","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415040802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197660515.003.0007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/9780197660515.003.0007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197660515.003.0007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197660515.003.0007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463708","display_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Persia\u2019s Greek Campaigns","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415040818","display_name":"Persia\u2019s Greek Campaigns"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065789565","display_name":"John O. Hyland","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John O Hyland","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065789565"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42325228,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"153","last_page":"194"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10165","display_name":"Classical Antiquity Studies","score":0.8812999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10165","display_name":"Classical Antiquity Studies","score":0.8812999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12307","display_name":"Ancient Near East History","score":0.06849999725818634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12890","display_name":"Eurasian Exchange Networks","score":0.017799999564886093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xerxes","display_name":"Xerxes","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herodotus","display_name":"Herodotus","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greco-persian-wars","display_name":"Persian Wars","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-rations","display_name":"rations","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logistics","display_name":"logistics","score":0.47099998593330383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776351498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434188","display_name":"Sustenance","level":2,"score":0.8348000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779742141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575076","display_name":"Spectacle","level":2,"score":0.616100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4106999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778227311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2575688","display_name":"Militarization","level":3,"score":0.3522999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777551076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842332","display_name":"Front (military)","level":2,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777003408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5419252","display_name":"Exaggeration","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5021368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192781","display_name":"Military history","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/9780197660515.003.0007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197660515.003.0007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197660515.003.0007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463708","display_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Persia\u2019s Greek Campaigns","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":519,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10745630","https://openalex.org/W42715509","https://openalex.org/W45030853","https://openalex.org/W47416009","https://openalex.org/W56075861","https://openalex.org/W73009689","https://openalex.org/W86743884","https://openalex.org/W92684862","https://openalex.org/W133308639","https://openalex.org/W144396824","https://openalex.org/W175731160","https://openalex.org/W230607668","https://openalex.org/W241375786","https://openalex.org/W267076636","https://openalex.org/W364611528","https://openalex.org/W367349948","https://openalex.org/W438871917","https://openalex.org/W561302679","https://openalex.org/W564006779","https://openalex.org/W566630780","https://openalex.org/W568855935","https://openalex.org/W570104719","https://openalex.org/W587897570","https://openalex.org/W590062579","https://openalex.org/W592796311","https://openalex.org/W594130306","https://openalex.org/W594694115","https://openalex.org/W604125021","https://openalex.org/W606516507","https://openalex.org/W609332406","https://openalex.org/W614767653","https://openalex.org/W619059451","https://openalex.org/W621061920","https://openalex.org/W621071520","https://openalex.org/W622271766","https://openalex.org/W622754240","https://openalex.org/W623212145","https://openalex.org/W624887166","https://openalex.org/W625102295","https://openalex.org/W627464441","https://openalex.org/W628976250","https://openalex.org/W629537694","https://openalex.org/W630662939","https://openalex.org/W638667512","https://openalex.org/W639622009","https://openalex.org/W640298039","https://openalex.org/W642196016","https://openalex.org/W643853997","https://openalex.org/W644311526","https://openalex.org/W644750855","https://openalex.org/W647276742","https://openalex.org/W648462403","https://openalex.org/W654032550","https://openalex.org/W656214351","https://openalex.org/W656778392","https://openalex.org/W825705243","https://openalex.org/W871696013","https://openalex.org/W993137083","https://openalex.org/W1040799219","https://openalex.org/W1491505485","https://openalex.org/W1494575301","https://openalex.org/W1497462692","https://openalex.org/W1499842552","https://openalex.org/W1505679149","https://openalex.org/W1508880739","https://openalex.org/W1516027686","https://openalex.org/W1519105598","https://openalex.org/W1524880945","https://openalex.org/W1532062543","https://openalex.org/W1532424792","https://openalex.org/W1535484628","https://openalex.org/W1541877515","https://openalex.org/W1543110572","https://openalex.org/W1544778283","https://openalex.org/W1549652688","https://openalex.org/W1550265782","https://openalex.org/W1575465981","https://openalex.org/W1580452699","https://openalex.org/W1581691723","https://openalex.org/W1585129746","https://openalex.org/W1597047014","https://openalex.org/W1599056493","https://openalex.org/W1600370066","https://openalex.org/W1608910894","https://openalex.org/W1701270182","https://openalex.org/W1781123557","https://openalex.org/W1964291987","https://openalex.org/W1966142263","https://openalex.org/W1966466594","https://openalex.org/W1968712166","https://openalex.org/W1970338387","https://openalex.org/W1970392988","https://openalex.org/W1972359326","https://openalex.org/W1972849532","https://openalex.org/W1972976216","https://openalex.org/W1980750659","https://openalex.org/W1981786169","https://openalex.org/W1988039376","https://openalex.org/W1988872609","https://openalex.org/W1989725095","https://openalex.org/W1990334565","https://openalex.org/W1992088880","https://openalex.org/W1993432641","https://openalex.org/W1996338493","https://openalex.org/W1998386069","https://openalex.org/W2000433787","https://openalex.org/W2001707825","https://openalex.org/W2003508762","https://openalex.org/W2003796489","https://openalex.org/W2005463009","https://openalex.org/W2007117663","https://openalex.org/W2008141998","https://openalex.org/W2011937836","https://openalex.org/W2016063894","https://openalex.org/W2018256117","https://openalex.org/W2018268065","https://openalex.org/W2024910436","https://openalex.org/W2025277943","https://openalex.org/W2026763812","https://openalex.org/W2029917978","https://openalex.org/W2030061503","https://openalex.org/W2030188972","https://openalex.org/W2039655219","https://openalex.org/W2041820168","https://openalex.org/W2044673237","https://openalex.org/W2046833601","https://openalex.org/W2047386766","https://openalex.org/W2048285085","https://openalex.org/W2048703314","https://openalex.org/W2049608131","https://openalex.org/W2051429710","https://openalex.org/W2053433992","https://openalex.org/W2053913118","https://openalex.org/W2055203543","https://openalex.org/W2057607483","https://openalex.org/W2058125111","https://openalex.org/W2058941135","https://openalex.org/W2059796832","https://openalex.org/W2059815318","https://openalex.org/W2061159463","https://openalex.org/W2063362395","https://openalex.org/W2067342072","https://openalex.org/W2071776103","https://openalex.org/W2076190043","https://openalex.org/W2078747641","https://openalex.org/W2085157861","https://openalex.org/W2087242663","https://openalex.org/W2089988624","https://openalex.org/W2092351555","https://openalex.org/W2092866343","https://openalex.org/W2094196957","https://openalex.org/W2094284444","https://openalex.org/W2099304285","https://openalex.org/W2100141329","https://openalex.org/W2100218830","https://openalex.org/W2101553847","https://openalex.org/W2107451990","https://openalex.org/W2107842962","https://openalex.org/W2108622003","https://openalex.org/W2112886647","https://openalex.org/W2120149756","https://openalex.org/W2126134185","https://openalex.org/W2127658487","https://openalex.org/W2129938848","https://openalex.org/W2133732722","https://openalex.org/W2134247270","https://openalex.org/W2143784607","https://openalex.org/W2150308077","https://openalex.org/W2152699657","https://openalex.org/W2158827945","https://openalex.org/W2186742843","https://openalex.org/W2191361001","https://openalex.org/W2195247606","https://openalex.org/W2222869521","https://openalex.org/W2289398737","https://openalex.org/W2297784309","https://openalex.org/W2308675405","https://openalex.org/W2312566347","https://openalex.org/W2312973160","https://openalex.org/W2314046620","https://openalex.org/W2314197453","https://openalex.org/W2317058592","https://openalex.org/W2317747185","https://openalex.org/W2319465598","https://openalex.org/W2319494053","https://openalex.org/W2321123168","https://openalex.org/W2321346390","https://openalex.org/W2325249210","https://openalex.org/W2325264149","https://openalex.org/W2326323867","https://openalex.org/W2327970484","https://openalex.org/W2328764850","https://openalex.org/W2329742345","https://openalex.org/W2329896263","https://openalex.org/W2331359418","https://openalex.org/W2331681908","https://openalex.org/W2333033207","https://openalex.org/W2333508535","https://openalex.org/W2333653418","https://openalex.org/W2333734962","https://openalex.org/W2335361084","https://openalex.org/W2337049018","https://openalex.org/W2338231532","https://openalex.org/W2340710944","https://openalex.org/W2342620785","https://openalex.org/W2342901194","https://openalex.org/W2345906976","https://openalex.org/W2402582021","https://openalex.org/W2409097582","https://openalex.org/W2463194945","https://openalex.org/W2464765466","https://openalex.org/W2466677790","https://openalex.org/W2468946707","https://openalex.org/W2469045493","https://openalex.org/W2469631220","https://openalex.org/W2476895284","https://openalex.org/W2477719994","https://openalex.org/W2477834664","https://openalex.org/W2477948626","https://openalex.org/W2478095307","https://openalex.org/W2478425633","https://openalex.org/W2480706154","https://openalex.org/W2484616000","https://openalex.org/W2485768434","https://openalex.org/W2487100755","https://openalex.org/W2488338654","https://openalex.org/W2488907009","https://openalex.org/W2492957753","https://openalex.org/W2493494704","https://openalex.org/W2493606336","https://openalex.org/W2497848351","https://openalex.org/W2497876729","https://openalex.org/W2501519378","https://openalex.org/W2516224396","https://openalex.org/W2518626991","https://openalex.org/W2519271390","https://openalex.org/W2521224672","https://openalex.org/W2533674621","https://openalex.org/W2556229799","https://openalex.org/W2562058576","https://openalex.org/W2565607104","https://openalex.org/W2580275183","https://openalex.org/W2589445066","https://openalex.org/W2590608646","https://openalex.org/W2594467707","https://openalex.org/W2598738474","https://openalex.org/W2599737989","https://openalex.org/W2601012794","https://openalex.org/W2601427453","https://openalex.org/W2603795442","https://openalex.org/W2605294966","https://openalex.org/W2620527237","https://openalex.org/W2625064755","https://openalex.org/W2626713443","https://openalex.org/W2699609299","https://openalex.org/W2734397604","https://openalex.org/W2735044630","https://openalex.org/W2736378059","https://openalex.org/W2737195019","https://openalex.org/W2747059260","https://openalex.org/W2766653556","https://openalex.org/W2767233508","https://openalex.org/W2783786428","https://openalex.org/W2784608601","https://openalex.org/W2789289489","https://openalex.org/W2795386460","https://openalex.org/W2796326681","https://openalex.org/W2796623491","https://openalex.org/W2797985353","https://openalex.org/W2798266741","https://openalex.org/W2799337502","https://openalex.org/W2800734130","https://openalex.org/W2802030370","https://openalex.org/W2802347860","https://openalex.org/W2803562287","https://openalex.org/W2806485520","https://openalex.org/W2806835658","https://openalex.org/W2883452032","https://openalex.org/W2886500992","https://openalex.org/W2889772031","https://openalex.org/W2890276750","https://openalex.org/W2891833836","https://openalex.org/W2891870244","https://openalex.org/W2893508023","https://openalex.org/W2894552327","https://openalex.org/W2895076978","https://openalex.org/W2895085878","https://openalex.org/W2896257127","https://openalex.org/W2899156859","https://openalex.org/W2903075906","https://openalex.org/W2903211793","https://openalex.org/W2904003537","https://openalex.org/W2904265409","https://openalex.org/W2904828158","https://openalex.org/W2904838454","https://openalex.org/W2905377109","https://openalex.org/W2909587927","https://openalex.org/W2912915276","https://openalex.org/W2913339739","https://openalex.org/W2915360373","https://openalex.org/W2915635024","https://openalex.org/W2916615902","https://openalex.org/W2918224764","https://openalex.org/W2918503115","https://openalex.org/W2926294454","https://openalex.org/W2927591261","https://openalex.org/W2937645974","https://openalex.org/W2939660811","https://openalex.org/W2944449671","https://openalex.org/W2945672048","https://openalex.org/W2946594605","https://openalex.org/W2950814630","https://openalex.org/W2952222142","https://openalex.org/W2953466813","https://openalex.org/W2953597995","https://openalex.org/W2954617014","https://openalex.org/W2955017979","https://openalex.org/W2955596864","https://openalex.org/W2965108103","https://openalex.org/W2969527147","https://openalex.org/W2970491074","https://openalex.org/W2976474962","https://openalex.org/W2979812350","https://openalex.org/W2980635123","https://openalex.org/W2985208003","https://openalex.org/W2986763620","https://openalex.org/W2989609994","https://openalex.org/W2990877968","https://openalex.org/W2991009600","https://openalex.org/W2991520943","https://openalex.org/W2995272758","https://openalex.org/W2996911650","https://openalex.org/W3000476496","https://openalex.org/W3000724447","https://openalex.org/W3002085528","https://openalex.org/W3005558606","https://openalex.org/W3012596459","https://openalex.org/W3021563893","https://openalex.org/W3026356049","https://openalex.org/W3028403959","https://openalex.org/W3043625730","https://openalex.org/W3043881916","https://openalex.org/W3047887318","https://openalex.org/W3048012958","https://openalex.org/W3081756385","https://openalex.org/W3083306269","https://openalex.org/W3101610323","https://openalex.org/W3106147697","https://openalex.org/W3107404326","https://openalex.org/W3108220470","https://openalex.org/W3119312462","https://openalex.org/W3120181993","https://openalex.org/W3121916978","https://openalex.org/W3129199949","https://openalex.org/W3135823677","https://openalex.org/W3161669125","https://openalex.org/W3162957158","https://openalex.org/W3166906655","https://openalex.org/W3167136361","https://openalex.org/W3170216442","https://openalex.org/W3170572543","https://openalex.org/W3170738712","https://openalex.org/W3172004098","https://openalex.org/W3172133760","https://openalex.org/W3172651947","https://openalex.org/W3187202390","https://openalex.org/W3187891535","https://openalex.org/W3187898366","https://openalex.org/W3188187732","https://openalex.org/W3188280788","https://openalex.org/W3188818422","https://openalex.org/W3190735971","https://openalex.org/W3191526503","https://openalex.org/W3191672775","https://openalex.org/W3192725061","https://openalex.org/W3192947570","https://openalex.org/W3195759039","https://openalex.org/W3199093823","https://openalex.org/W3199453494","https://openalex.org/W3201092454","https://openalex.org/W3201421323","https://openalex.org/W3204032589","https://openalex.org/W3205067298","https://openalex.org/W3207545716","https://openalex.org/W3210058790","https://openalex.org/W3216497993","https://openalex.org/W3217588581","https://openalex.org/W3217663896","https://openalex.org/W4200112779","https://openalex.org/W4205179101","https://openalex.org/W4205482697","https://openalex.org/W4205548439","https://openalex.org/W4205946848","https://openalex.org/W4206048573","https://openalex.org/W4206422366","https://openalex.org/W4206605822","https://openalex.org/W4206618623","https://openalex.org/W4210363199","https://openalex.org/W4210939889","https://openalex.org/W4210955783","https://openalex.org/W4211028329","https://openalex.org/W4211052356","https://openalex.org/W4211055031","https://openalex.org/W4211075539","https://openalex.org/W4211126453","https://openalex.org/W4211158449","https://openalex.org/W4211168891","https://openalex.org/W4211236377","https://openalex.org/W4213261039","https://openalex.org/W4213353892","https://openalex.org/W4214735339","https://openalex.org/W4220861078","https://openalex.org/W4224996076","https://openalex.org/W4226326931","https://openalex.org/W4226424126","https://openalex.org/W4229928562","https://openalex.org/W4230154549","https://openalex.org/W4230725343","https://openalex.org/W4230866088","https://openalex.org/W4231387708","https://openalex.org/W4231812842","https://openalex.org/W4234193765","https://openalex.org/W4234541086","https://openalex.org/W4234743886","https://openalex.org/W4235597743","https://openalex.org/W4236934454","https://openalex.org/W4237331961","https://openalex.org/W4237987879","https://openalex.org/W4238161821","https://openalex.org/W4238666722","https://openalex.org/W4238673600","https://openalex.org/W4240209316","https://openalex.org/W4241148411","https://openalex.org/W4241610911","https://openalex.org/W4241719604","https://openalex.org/W4243102353","https://openalex.org/W4244137375","https://openalex.org/W4244923747","https://openalex.org/W4245293751","https://openalex.org/W4245477870","https://openalex.org/W4245765255","https://openalex.org/W4245892613","https://openalex.org/W4246866176","https://openalex.org/W4247322235","https://openalex.org/W4247574558","https://openalex.org/W4247613980","https://openalex.org/W4248397181","https://openalex.org/W4248570408","https://openalex.org/W4248831282","https://openalex.org/W4249194740","https://openalex.org/W4249647802","https://openalex.org/W4249931543","https://openalex.org/W4249956554","https://openalex.org/W4250922943","https://openalex.org/W4251356892","https://openalex.org/W4251714015","https://openalex.org/W4252007760","https://openalex.org/W4252427620","https://openalex.org/W4252986097","https://openalex.org/W4253137416","https://openalex.org/W4253455460","https://openalex.org/W4255265351","https://openalex.org/W4256028469","https://openalex.org/W4280564827","https://openalex.org/W4285092247","https://openalex.org/W4288077307","https://openalex.org/W4289536942","https://openalex.org/W4296722011","https://openalex.org/W4296722062","https://openalex.org/W4297879154","https://openalex.org/W4298200987","https://openalex.org/W4298207034","https://openalex.org/W4298285114","https://openalex.org/W4298286717","https://openalex.org/W4298865518","https://openalex.org/W4299946112","https://openalex.org/W4300054059","https://openalex.org/W4300581095","https://openalex.org/W4301394951","https://openalex.org/W4302080681","https://openalex.org/W4307291671","https://openalex.org/W4312243568","https://openalex.org/W4312372489","https://openalex.org/W4312389856","https://openalex.org/W4312690425","https://openalex.org/W4312693131","https://openalex.org/W4313048735","https://openalex.org/W4313198516","https://openalex.org/W4315645620","https://openalex.org/W4315650908","https://openalex.org/W4319588499","https://openalex.org/W4320477424","https://openalex.org/W4323970460","https://openalex.org/W4362497292","https://openalex.org/W4379400218","https://openalex.org/W4380084831","https://openalex.org/W4380490554","https://openalex.org/W4386020496","https://openalex.org/W4386522705","https://openalex.org/W4388261257","https://openalex.org/W4388352808","https://openalex.org/W4388352893","https://openalex.org/W4388379583","https://openalex.org/W4388390223","https://openalex.org/W4388390722","https://openalex.org/W4388390997","https://openalex.org/W4388870486","https://openalex.org/W4389432439","https://openalex.org/W4392108908","https://openalex.org/W4393099764","https://openalex.org/W4394893963","https://openalex.org/W4403700312","https://openalex.org/W4403700496","https://openalex.org/W4403700547","https://openalex.org/W4403700567","https://openalex.org/W4403701032","https://openalex.org/W4403701054","https://openalex.org/W4412154190","https://openalex.org/W4414514804"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2492049657","https://openalex.org/W7053067416","https://openalex.org/W2276781420","https://openalex.org/W4409830061","https://openalex.org/W6982242589","https://openalex.org/W2898897914","https://openalex.org/W4376112064","https://openalex.org/W4415040783","https://openalex.org/W2321092546","https://openalex.org/W2747659823"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Herodotus\u2019s":[1],"description":[2],"of":[3,11,24,38,76,98,117,155,175,186,192,222],"Xerxes\u2019s":[4,39,160,237],"campaign":[5],"is":[6,30],"infamous":[7],"for":[8,58,101,189,201,211,236],"its":[9,106],"exaggeration":[10],"Persian":[12],"military":[13,62,77,112],"numbers.":[14,96],"The":[15,42,74],"army\u2019s":[16],"and":[17,60,79,105,135,138,198,205,213,241],"navy\u2019s":[18],"enormous":[19],"sizes":[20],"were":[21],"essential":[22],"components":[23],"the":[25,102,115,183,190,193,202,223,229],"intended":[26],"spectacle,":[27],"but":[28,64,94,128],"it":[29,217,234],"necessary":[31],"to":[32,150,166,219,239,243],"establish":[33],"a":[34,69,83,152,171],"more":[35,55,70],"realistic":[36],"sense":[37],"numerical":[40],"potential.":[41],"most":[43],"plausible":[44,153],"estimates":[45,188,221],"proposed":[46],"in":[47,159],"earlier":[48],"studies":[49],"are":[50],"based":[51],"on":[52,82,209,228],"comparisons":[53],"with":[54,87,142],"reliable":[56],"figures":[57,145],"Greek":[59],"Roman":[61],"forces,":[63],"Achaemenid":[65],"records":[66],"can":[67],"provide":[68],"thorough":[71],"systemic":[72],"context.":[73],"process":[75],"recruitment":[78],"mobilization,":[80],"building":[81],"core":[84],"palace":[85],"army":[86,119],"selective":[88],"regional":[89,143],"conscription,":[90],"aimed":[91],"at":[92,124,130],"impressive":[93],"sustainable":[95],"Records":[97],"food":[99],"disbursement":[100],"royal":[103],"court":[104,133],"escorts,":[107],"as":[108,110],"well":[109],"traveling":[111],"units,":[113],"support":[114],"plausibility":[116],"an":[118],"that":[120,232],"may":[121],"have":[122,195],"included":[123],"least":[125,131],"50,000":[126],"soldiers,":[127],"also":[129],"20,000":[132],"staff":[134],"noncombatant":[136],"personnel":[137],"30,000":[139],"animals.":[140],"Comparison":[141],"naval":[144,173],"from":[146],"later":[147],"periods":[148],"helps":[149],"confirm":[151],"size":[154],"about":[156],"650":[157,165],"warships":[158],"fleet,":[161],"supported":[162],"by":[163],"perhaps":[164],"1,000":[167],"transport":[168],"craft,":[169],"generating":[170],"minimum":[172],"manpower":[174],"155,000.":[176],"These":[177],"huge":[178],"totals,":[179],"while":[180],"still":[181],"reflecting":[182],"low":[184],"end":[185],"potential":[187],"scale":[191],"campaign,":[194],"important":[196],"logistical":[197],"spatial":[199],"implications":[200],"expedition\u2019s":[203],"sustenance":[204],"accommodation.":[206],"Persepolis":[207],"evidence":[208],"rations":[210],"men":[212],"baggage":[214],"animals":[215],"make":[216],"possible":[218,235],"generate":[220],"consumption":[224],"requirements,":[225],"enabling":[226],"reflection":[227],"imperial":[230],"system":[231],"made":[233],"forces":[238],"march":[240],"sail":[242],"Athens.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2025-10-11T00:00:00"}