{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414862011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2025.2543240","title":"Standardized Estimates of Second-Order Latent Growth Models: A Comparison of Alternative Latent-Standardization Methods","display_name":"Standardized Estimates of Second-Order Latent Growth Models: A Comparison of Alternative Latent-Standardization Methods","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414862011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2025.2543240","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41051157"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00273171.2025.2543240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2025.2543240","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2025.2543240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64250036","display_name":"Multivariate Behavioral Research","issn_l":"0027-3171","issn":["0027-3171","1532-7906"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multivariate Behavioral Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100398549","display_name":"Yifan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2267-2217","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2267-2217"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187400657","display_name":"South China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kq0pv72","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University","School of Psychology, South China Normal University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2267-2217","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, South China Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108720072","display_name":"Zhonglin Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9066-1886","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9066-1886"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187400657","display_name":"South China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kq0pv72","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhonglin Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University","School of Psychology, South China Normal University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9066-1886","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, South China Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003543118","display_name":"Kit\u2010Tai Hau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-1855","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-1855"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kit-Tai Hau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-1855","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088329350","display_name":"Tonglin Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1883-5842","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1883-5842"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22046295","display_name":"Inner Mongolia Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0497ase59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tonglin Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1883-5842","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108720072"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"6","first_page":"1151","last_page":"1168"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.02280000038444996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-identification","display_name":"system identification","score":0.8640000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65965080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806885","display_name":"Latent variable model","level":3,"score":0.7379000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51167844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4422623","display_name":"Latent variable","level":2,"score":0.6459000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.6086999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.5733000040054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.5508000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192806908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6495487","display_name":"Latent growth modeling","level":2,"score":0.5156000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.511900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018076075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1826427","display_name":"Variance components","level":2,"score":0.4677000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4629000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4032000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70727504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806878","display_name":"Latent class model","level":2,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.3343000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020672099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Longitudinal data","level":2,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983335520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47537570","display_name":"Growth model","level":2,"score":0.29249998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19875794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207340","display_name":"Item response theory","level":3,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138528620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2510752","display_name":"Explained variation","level":2,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777027219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779466056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107630651","display_name":"Time point","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077272","descriptor_name":"Latent Class Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003627","descriptor_name":"Data Interpretation, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00273171.2025.2543240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2025.2543240","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2025.2543240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64250036","display_name":"Multivariate Behavioral Research","issn_l":"0027-3171","issn":["0027-3171","1532-7906"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multivariate Behavioral Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41051157","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41051157","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multivariate behavioral research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W130596010","https://openalex.org/W177281196","https://openalex.org/W1966159400","https://openalex.org/W1979298728","https://openalex.org/W1981882373","https://openalex.org/W1990367161","https://openalex.org/W2005532382","https://openalex.org/W2010420668","https://openalex.org/W2030535887","https://openalex.org/W2031595395","https://openalex.org/W2037564479","https://openalex.org/W2047238473","https://openalex.org/W2059802685","https://openalex.org/W2062278424","https://openalex.org/W2071666535","https://openalex.org/W2082246284","https://openalex.org/W2092722188","https://openalex.org/W2097775924","https://openalex.org/W2126074132","https://openalex.org/W2159018744","https://openalex.org/W2478752836","https://openalex.org/W2914560022","https://openalex.org/W3007312592","https://openalex.org/W3033436890","https://openalex.org/W3047312027","https://openalex.org/W4298091299","https://openalex.org/W4376621774","https://openalex.org/W4385330995"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3033436890","https://openalex.org/W7213487908","https://openalex.org/W2068631728","https://openalex.org/W4376621774","https://openalex.org/W2784969190","https://openalex.org/W7104012813","https://openalex.org/W3047312027","https://openalex.org/W2913819011","https://openalex.org/W7027062502","https://openalex.org/W2900545919"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Second-order":[0],"latent":[1,18,45],"growth":[2,25,61],"models":[3,30],"(LGMs)":[4],"have":[5],"garnered":[6],"considerable":[7],"attention":[8],"and":[9,59,90,117,138,145,158],"are":[10,31,148],"increasingly":[11],"utilized":[12],"in":[13,28,42],"longitudinal":[14],"data":[15],"analyses":[16],"of":[17,21,73,110,119,136,141,161],"constructs":[19],"comprised":[20],"multiple":[22],"items.":[23],"The":[24],"parameter":[26],"estimates":[27],"these":[29],"intrinsically":[32],"linked":[33],"to":[34],"the":[35,44,70,74,107,111,115,120,155,162],"model":[36,112],"identification":[37],"methods.":[38],"Latent-standardization":[39],"(identification)":[40],"methods,":[41,153],"which":[43],"variable":[46],"is":[47,130],"standardized":[48],"at":[49],"a":[50,86,99,134,139],"reference":[51],"time":[52],"point":[53],"(e.g.,":[54],"eta-1),":[55],"yield":[56],"theoretically":[57],"unique":[58],"interpretable":[60],"parameters.":[62],"Traditional":[63],"latent-standardization":[64,152],"methods":[65,84],"indirectly":[66,103],"standardize":[67,94],"eta-1":[68,105,129],"via":[69],"first-order":[71],"component":[72,109],"second-order":[75,108],"LGM":[76],"by":[77,113],"constraining":[78,114],"item":[79],"intercepts":[80],"and/or":[81],"loadings.":[82],"Such":[83],"require":[85],"two-step":[87],"modeling":[88,126],"procedure":[89],"do":[91],"not":[92],"truly":[93,131],"eta-1.":[95],"This":[96,123],"article":[97],"proposes":[98],"1-stage":[100,164],"method":[101,127],"that":[102],"standardizes":[104],"through":[106],"mean":[116,135],"variance":[118,140],"level":[121],"factor.":[122],"new":[124],"single-step":[125],"ensures":[128],"standardized,":[132],"with":[133],"0":[137],"1.":[142],"Theoretical,":[143],"simulated,":[144],"empirical":[146],"comparisons":[147],"conducted":[149],"across":[150],"different":[151],"demonstrating":[154],"target":[156],"accuracy":[157],"implementation":[159],"simplicity":[160],"proposed":[163],"method.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}