{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414853014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30193999","title":"Methods for Conjugating Antibodies with Quantum Dots","display_name":"Methods for Conjugating Antibodies with Quantum Dots","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414853014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30193999","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41097419","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12526299"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules30193999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30193999","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30193999","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/19/3999/pdf?version=1759741908","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/19/3999/pdf?version=1759741908","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067325937","display_name":"Pavel M. Sokolov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5321-3753","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5321-3753"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17877952","display_name":"Sechenov University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yqqv993","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17877952"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887846188","display_name":"National Research Nuclear University MEPhI","ror":"https://ror.org/04w8z7f34","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887846188"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pavel Sokolov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia","Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia","Laboratory of Optical Quantum Sensors, Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5321-3753","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17877952"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887846188"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Optical Quantum Sensors, Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087933878","display_name":"\u0410. \u0410. \u041a\u043d\u044b\u0448","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6219-7568","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6219-7568"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887846188","display_name":"National Research Nuclear University MEPhI","ror":"https://ror.org/04w8z7f34","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887846188"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Knysh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia","Laboratory of Optical Quantum Sensors, Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6219-7568","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887846188"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Optical Quantum Sensors, Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060267859","display_name":"Irina S. Kriukova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4551-2870","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4551-2870"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887846188","display_name":"National Research Nuclear University MEPhI","ror":"https://ror.org/04w8z7f34","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887846188"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irina Kriukova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia","Laboratory of Optical Quantum Sensors, Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4551-2870","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887846188"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Optical Quantum Sensors, Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078471621","display_name":"Pavel S. Samokhvalov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2878-8376","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2878-8376"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887846188","display_name":"National Research Nuclear University MEPhI","ror":"https://ror.org/04w8z7f34","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887846188"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavel Samokhvalov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia","Laboratory of Optical Quantum Sensors, Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2878-8376","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887846188"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Optical Quantum Sensors, Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063268268","display_name":"Yury V. Kistenev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5760-1462","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5760-1462"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196355604","display_name":"National Research Tomsk State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02he2nc27","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196355604"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yury V. Kistenev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Av., 634050 Tomsk, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5760-1462","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Av., 634050 Tomsk, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196355604"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067325937"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17877952","https://openalex.org/I887846188"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":0.3897,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37086685,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"19","first_page":"3999","last_page":"3999"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10321","display_name":"Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties","score":0.9336000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10321","display_name":"Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties","score":0.9336000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11016","display_name":"Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research","score":0.027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-dots","display_name":"quantum dots","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibody-conjugation","display_name":"antibody conjugation","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/site-specific-conjugation","display_name":"site-specific conjugation","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanobodies","display_name":"nanobodies","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibody-fragments","display_name":"antibody fragments","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescent-probes","display_name":"fluorescent probes","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-biomarker-detection","display_name":"disease biomarker detection","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-diagnosis","display_name":"early diagnosis","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-biosensors","display_name":"optical biosensors","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-monitoring","display_name":"environmental monitoring","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-safety","display_name":"food safety","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probe-stability","display_name":"probe stability","score":0.9340000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124657808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133068","display_name":"Quantum dot","level":2,"score":0.8051999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10390740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2282401","display_name":"Analyte","level":2,"score":0.6481999754905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.54339998960495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138631740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967847","display_name":"Nanomaterials","level":2,"score":0.5314000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197336794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5161150","display_name":"Conjugate","level":2,"score":0.5231000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4375999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4253999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.33959999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542903549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422248","display_name":"Monoclonal antibody","level":3,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21951064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899212","display_name":"Combinatorial chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000906","descriptor_name":"Antibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018796","descriptor_name":"Immunoconjugates","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D045663","descriptor_name":"Quantum Dots","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules30193999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30193999","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30193999","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/19/3999/pdf?version=1759741908","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11328698","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12526299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:41097419","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41097419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12526299","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12526299/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:de0b7a9b35aa4bd1bf0832c0924f22ed","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/de0b7a9b35aa4bd1bf0832c0924f22ed","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Molecules, Vol 30, Iss 19, p 3999 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules30193999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30193999","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30193999","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/19/3999/pdf?version=1759741908","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4043000042438507,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G699432499","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22-75-10103-\u041f","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","funder_display_name":"Russian Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7045800928","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23-75-30016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","funder_display_name":"Russian Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","display_name":"Russian Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03y2gwe85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414853014.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414853014.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":131,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W75488212","https://openalex.org/W190175358","https://openalex.org/W562798361","https://openalex.org/W1239799147","https://openalex.org/W1489551577","https://openalex.org/W1598123544","https://openalex.org/W1807187538","https://openalex.org/W1876539374","https://openalex.org/W1970786331","https://openalex.org/W1972437767","https://openalex.org/W1973888120","https://openalex.org/W1976672416","https://openalex.org/W1978837548","https://openalex.org/W1980991166","https://openalex.org/W1981789583","https://openalex.org/W1991412093","https://openalex.org/W1996820981","https://openalex.org/W2008890466","https://openalex.org/W2010268411","https://openalex.org/W2014158928","https://openalex.org/W2015957056","https://openalex.org/W2026370963","https://openalex.org/W2026482572","https://openalex.org/W2035527702","https://openalex.org/W2045729352","https://openalex.org/W2053653269","https://openalex.org/W2055973049","https://openalex.org/W2057222401","https://openalex.org/W2060186677","https://openalex.org/W2062082739","https://openalex.org/W2064402566","https://openalex.org/W2065084738","https://openalex.org/W2068774062","https://openalex.org/W2075198467","https://openalex.org/W2078733693","https://openalex.org/W2082454728","https://openalex.org/W2091209814","https://openalex.org/W2094437628","https://openalex.org/W2097368827","https://openalex.org/W2098577546","https://openalex.org/W2115598821","https://openalex.org/W2115625402","https://openalex.org/W2120596897","https://openalex.org/W2120720772","https://openalex.org/W2130769674","https://openalex.org/W2136056935","https://openalex.org/W2144991441","https://openalex.org/W2147451568","https://openalex.org/W2148884404","https://openalex.org/W2154302491","https://openalex.org/W2157161374","https://openalex.org/W2162504773","https://openalex.org/W2165148980","https://openalex.org/W2176075137","https://openalex.org/W2197238352","https://openalex.org/W2200725198","https://openalex.org/W2279844546","https://openalex.org/W2289965054","https://openalex.org/W2313394576","https://openalex.org/W2322548491","https://openalex.org/W2325516935","https://openalex.org/W2407338399","https://openalex.org/W2408573775","https://openalex.org/W2412079202","https://openalex.org/W2493648739","https://openalex.org/W2506770561","https://openalex.org/W2509664995","https://openalex.org/W2546436123","https://openalex.org/W2599985910","https://openalex.org/W2615851015","https://openalex.org/W2740207333","https://openalex.org/W2750298560","https://openalex.org/W2785793017","https://openalex.org/W2798115904","https://openalex.org/W2897679732","https://openalex.org/W2909741835","https://openalex.org/W2917865321","https://openalex.org/W2944211738","https://openalex.org/W2950712941","https://openalex.org/W2961939534","https://openalex.org/W2974933700","https://openalex.org/W2981191571","https://openalex.org/W3014701104","https://openalex.org/W3040705024","https://openalex.org/W3095548690","https://openalex.org/W3183294955","https://openalex.org/W3183358917","https://openalex.org/W3198013606","https://openalex.org/W3199601361","https://openalex.org/W3204068818","https://openalex.org/W3208288622","https://openalex.org/W4207022964","https://openalex.org/W4210618731","https://openalex.org/W4220687050","https://openalex.org/W4221097861","https://openalex.org/W4221115288","https://openalex.org/W4235522152","https://openalex.org/W4254808851","https://openalex.org/W4280531409","https://openalex.org/W4281761533","https://openalex.org/W4281958341","https://openalex.org/W4294718872","https://openalex.org/W4306925985","https://openalex.org/W4319601685","https://openalex.org/W4320715104","https://openalex.org/W4322626644","https://openalex.org/W4324382650","https://openalex.org/W4366823576","https://openalex.org/W4378528755","https://openalex.org/W4385422613","https://openalex.org/W4387046740","https://openalex.org/W4388920489","https://openalex.org/W4389915040","https://openalex.org/W4391310822","https://openalex.org/W4396957036","https://openalex.org/W4399167233","https://openalex.org/W4399836348","https://openalex.org/W4399889449","https://openalex.org/W4401423550","https://openalex.org/W4402854032","https://openalex.org/W4403727037","https://openalex.org/W4403901063","https://openalex.org/W4404124253","https://openalex.org/W4405500410","https://openalex.org/W4405750971","https://openalex.org/W4406499534","https://openalex.org/W4407260479","https://openalex.org/W4407694608","https://openalex.org/W4408367294","https://openalex.org/W4411664548","https://openalex.org/W4414149673"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2599985910","https://openalex.org/W4281958341","https://openalex.org/W2407338399","https://openalex.org/W2062082739","https://openalex.org/W1965009888","https://openalex.org/W2040521691","https://openalex.org/W2330740798","https://openalex.org/W1963795660","https://openalex.org/W4404953808","https://openalex.org/W2306915091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nanomaterials":[0],"are":[1,64],"increasingly":[2],"used":[3,84,134],"in":[4,25,46,151,167,196],"the":[5,69,80,90,162,178,191,200,207,214],"development":[6],"of":[7,34,42,62,73,82,92,103,108,144,147,164,182,190,202,209],"detection":[8,41,63],"systems":[9],"for":[10,16,39,85,135,212],"various":[11,43],"disease":[12,44],"biomarkers":[13],"as":[14,118,120],"tools":[15],"reliable":[17],"early":[18],"diagnosis,":[19,152],"which":[20],"is":[21],"a":[22,124,187],"key":[23],"factor":[24],"reducing":[26],"mortality":[27],"and":[28,50,56,60,89,105,115,131,155,174,180,194],"increasing":[29],"treatment":[30],"effectiveness.":[31],"The":[32,58,140,184],"use":[33],"quantum":[35,75,96,109,148],"dot-antibody":[36],"conjugates":[37],"allows":[38],"optical":[40,71],"markers":[45],"biological":[47],"fluids,":[48],"tissues,":[49],"individual":[51],"cells":[52],"with":[53,95,101,111,123],"high":[54],"sensitivity":[55,59],"specificity.":[57],"specificity":[61,181],"determined":[65],"not":[66],"only":[67],"by":[68,79],"outstanding":[70],"properties":[72],"fluorescent":[74],"dots":[76,110],"but":[77],"also":[78,160],"type":[81],"antibodies":[83,150],"binding":[86,136],"target":[87],"analytes":[88],"methods":[91,102,173,193],"their":[93,128,138],"conjugation":[94,107,172,198],"dots.":[97],"This":[98],"review":[99,141,185],"deals":[100],"site-specific":[104],"site-nonspecific":[106],"antibodies,":[112,117],"including":[113,170],"full-length":[114],"single-domain":[116],"well":[119],"antibody":[121,197],"fragments,":[122],"special":[125],"focus":[126],"on":[127],"structural":[129],"features":[130],"active":[132],"moieties":[133],"to":[137,177],"targets.":[139],"includes":[142],"examples":[143],"successful":[145],"applications":[146],"dot-conjugated":[149],"environment":[153],"monitoring,":[154],"food":[156],"safety":[157],"assessment.":[158],"We":[159],"discuss":[161],"prospects":[163],"further":[165,210],"research":[166,211],"this":[168],"field,":[169],"new":[171],"issues":[175],"related":[176],"stability":[179],"probes.":[183],"provides":[186],"comprehensive":[188],"analysis":[189],"current":[192],"achievements":[195],"from":[199],"viewpoint":[201],"subsequent":[203],"analyte":[204],"detection,":[205],"highlighting":[206],"importance":[208],"improving":[213],"existing":[215],"technologies.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}