{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414825554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104745","title":"Integrated enviro-economic optimization of solar-powered electrocoagulation for sustainable nitrate removal from groundwater","display_name":"Integrated enviro-economic optimization of solar-powered electrocoagulation for sustainable nitrate removal from groundwater","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414825554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104745","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41061486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20728117","display_name":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","issn_l":"0169-7722","issn":["0169-7722","1873-6009"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023137180","display_name":"Benan Yaz\u0131c\u0131 Karabulut","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-204X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-204X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80538482","display_name":"Harran University","ror":"https://ror.org/057qfs197","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80538482"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benan Yaz\u0131c\u0131 Karabulut","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Harran University, 63300 Sanliurfa, T\u00fcrkiye. Electronic address: benanyazici@harran.edu.tr"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Harran University, 63300 Sanliurfa, T\u00fcrkiye. Electronic address: benanyazici@harran.edu.tr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80538482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028672442","display_name":"Fatma Didem Alay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5711-9991","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5711-9991"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80538482","display_name":"Harran University","ror":"https://ror.org/057qfs197","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80538482"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatma Didem Alay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Harran University, 63300 Sanliurfa, T\u00fcrkiye. Electronic address: fdidemogretmen@harran.edu.tr"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Harran University, 63300 Sanliurfa, T\u00fcrkiye. Electronic address: fdidemogretmen@harran.edu.tr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80538482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039304991","display_name":"Fatma Zuhal Adalar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8947-9123","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8947-9123"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80538482","display_name":"Harran University","ror":"https://ror.org/057qfs197","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80538482"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatma Zuhal Adalar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Automation, Vocational High School, Organized Industrial District, Harran University, 63300 Sanliurfa, T\u00fcrkiye. Electronic address: fzadalar@harran.edu.tr"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Automation, Vocational High School, Organized Industrial District, Harran University, 63300 Sanliurfa, T\u00fcrkiye. Electronic address: fzadalar@harran.edu.tr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80538482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023137180"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80538482"],"apc_list":{"value":3640,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3640},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6379,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80330685,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"276","issue":null,"first_page":"104745","last_page":"104745"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11188","display_name":"Coagulation and Flocculation Studies","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11188","display_name":"Coagulation and Flocculation Studies","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11493","display_name":"Water Treatment and Disinfection","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10210","display_name":"Advanced oxidation water treatment","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrocoagulation","display_name":"electrocoagulation","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate-removal","display_name":"nitrate removal","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-treatment","display_name":"groundwater treatment","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-energy","display_name":"photovoltaic energy","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-optimization","display_name":"energy optimization","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning-prediction","display_name":"machine learning prediction","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-boosting","display_name":"gradient boosting","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-surface-methodology","display_name":"response surface methodology","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aluminum-electrodes","display_name":"aluminum electrodes","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-electrodes","display_name":"iron electrodes","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-costs","display_name":"operating costs","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-water-treatment","display_name":"rural water treatment","score":0.7519999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777828583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2668225","display_name":"Electrocoagulation","level":2,"score":0.6614000201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.6399000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6137999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5566999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.5063999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.49459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179717631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991667","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","level":3,"score":0.48660001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.4745999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70153297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591907","display_name":"Gradient boosting","level":3,"score":0.47110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150077022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3136137","display_name":"Response surface methodology","level":2,"score":0.40220001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.39989998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.3723999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.37139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168","display_name":"Nitrate","level":2,"score":0.349700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150217764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6803607","display_name":"Mean absolute percentage error","level":3,"score":0.34470000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145828037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17086219","display_name":"Least squares support vector machine","level":3,"score":0.3142000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776870568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190873","display_name":"Desalination","level":3,"score":0.31130000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.30000001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122383733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865920","display_name":"Approximation error","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777347956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362005","display_name":"Operating cost","level":2,"score":0.2890999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188154048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6803609","display_name":"Mean absolute error","level":3,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129360787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2466917","display_name":"Total dissolved solids","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8625798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752112","display_name":"Surface water","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.2542000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190960625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058719","display_name":"Water treatment","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004564","descriptor_name":"Electrocoagulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004564","descriptor_name":"Electrocoagulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009566","descriptor_name":"Nitrates","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009566","descriptor_name":"Nitrates","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012993","descriptor_name":"Solar Energy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014874","descriptor_name":"Water Pollutants, Chemical","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018508","descriptor_name":"Water Purification","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018508","descriptor_name":"Water Purification","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060587","descriptor_name":"Groundwater","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20728117","display_name":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","issn_l":"0169-7722","issn":["0169-7722","1873-6009"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41061486","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41061486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"},{"score":0.875,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"},{"score":0.7811999917030334,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495061682","https://openalex.org/W1857560888","https://openalex.org/W1984509278","https://openalex.org/W2028696452","https://openalex.org/W2216946510","https://openalex.org/W2499581503","https://openalex.org/W2790277650","https://openalex.org/W2895297162","https://openalex.org/W2938996351","https://openalex.org/W2943118732","https://openalex.org/W2971565213","https://openalex.org/W2989345584","https://openalex.org/W2993680157","https://openalex.org/W3004192430","https://openalex.org/W3008210917","https://openalex.org/W3042215171","https://openalex.org/W3044864455","https://openalex.org/W3045241364","https://openalex.org/W3133877803","https://openalex.org/W3165826739","https://openalex.org/W3196902773","https://openalex.org/W3197652676","https://openalex.org/W3200060520","https://openalex.org/W3207070361","https://openalex.org/W3208261418","https://openalex.org/W3208883750","https://openalex.org/W3210457799","https://openalex.org/W4206527664","https://openalex.org/W4224263496","https://openalex.org/W4229443113","https://openalex.org/W4255836927","https://openalex.org/W4281383667","https://openalex.org/W4295872592","https://openalex.org/W4298149000","https://openalex.org/W4307568274","https://openalex.org/W4309247449","https://openalex.org/W4313188841","https://openalex.org/W4362714906","https://openalex.org/W4362732974","https://openalex.org/W4385633203","https://openalex.org/W4386171729","https://openalex.org/W4389513861","https://openalex.org/W4391934115","https://openalex.org/W4396554785","https://openalex.org/W4399808501","https://openalex.org/W4402012855","https://openalex.org/W4402899283","https://openalex.org/W4404394846","https://openalex.org/W4405876261","https://openalex.org/W4406916771","https://openalex.org/W4407205341","https://openalex.org/W4408387227","https://openalex.org/W4408851271","https://openalex.org/W4409464596","https://openalex.org/W4411174069","https://openalex.org/W4412700346","https://openalex.org/W4413401891"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410230418","https://openalex.org/W7117422747","https://openalex.org/W2593622455","https://openalex.org/W3004192430","https://openalex.org/W3133877803","https://openalex.org/W3157006346","https://openalex.org/W4415243826","https://openalex.org/W4415300491","https://openalex.org/W4411670849","https://openalex.org/W4281383667"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}