{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414817153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","title":"Economic Perspective of Trends and Determinants of Paddy Stubble Burning in North Western India","display_name":"Economic Perspective of Trends and Determinants of Paddy Stubble Burning in North Western India","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414817153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2025.61425"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092473128","display_name":"Ragini Jambagi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ragini Jambagi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ph.D. Scholar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ph.D. Scholar","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032434358","display_name":"Dharam Raj Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0245-1812","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0245-1812"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dharam Raj Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Former Principal Scientist"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Former Principal Scientist","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101961406","display_name":"Alka Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4712-2799","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4712-2799"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alka Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Head, Division of Agricultural Economics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Head, Division of Agricultural Economics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076249441","display_name":"B. J. Giridhar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B J Giridhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Department of Collegiate Education, Bengaluru-560001, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Department of Collegiate Education, Bengaluru-560001, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014507142","display_name":"Vinay Kumar Sehgal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3473-9722","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3473-9722"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179420787","display_name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04fw54a43","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179420787"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45509622","display_name":"Indian Agricultural Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01bzgdw81","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179420787","https://openalex.org/I45509622"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinay Kumar Sehgal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Principal Scientist, Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Principal Scientist, Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179420787","https://openalex.org/I45509622"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26762327,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"4","first_page":"153","last_page":"159"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13508","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Practices","score":0.6093999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13508","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Practices","score":0.6093999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.057999998331069946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.029899999499320984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-burning","display_name":"agricultural burning","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-pollution","display_name":"air pollution","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smog","display_name":"smog","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/punjab","display_name":"Punjab","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haryana","display_name":"Haryana","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uttar-pradesh","display_name":"Uttar Pradesh","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potato-cultivation","display_name":"potato cultivation","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basmati-rice","display_name":"basmati rice","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-fertility","display_name":"soil fertility","score":0.6060000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85582077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842623","display_name":"Paddy field","level":2,"score":0.5468999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778281468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299260","display_name":"Local government area","level":3,"score":0.5457000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5388000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.41110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127142870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7838279","display_name":"Trend analysis","level":2,"score":0.39500001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985697011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economic analysis","level":2,"score":0.3625999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.3553999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3095000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137660486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732240","display_name":"Growing season","level":2,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.epubs.icar.org.in:article/170926","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJEE/article/view/170926","pdf_url":"https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJEE/article/download/170926/62831","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764871142","display_name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","issn_l":"0537-1996","issn":["0537-1996","2454-552X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"0537-1996","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2025.61425","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Extension Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6875,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5351999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2770622936","https://openalex.org/W2904803948","https://openalex.org/W2917681707","https://openalex.org/W2918436704","https://openalex.org/W2985624247","https://openalex.org/W3043755468","https://openalex.org/W3146104539","https://openalex.org/W3161198482","https://openalex.org/W4214911157","https://openalex.org/W4224000193","https://openalex.org/W4292440721","https://openalex.org/W4309002014","https://openalex.org/W4312340034","https://openalex.org/W4383554343","https://openalex.org/W4384346227","https://openalex.org/W4394613628"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,15,47,71,84,90,94,109,125,173],"paddy":[2,85,98,110,126,156,174],"harvesting":[3],"season":[4],"in":[5,57,67,104,136,144],"North-Western":[6,58],"India,":[7],"a":[8,64,121],"significant":[9],"smog":[10],"problem":[11],"occurs":[12],"due":[13,149],"to":[14,32,55,150,159],"unhealthy":[16],"practice":[17],"of":[18,40,49,74,83,93,108,155],"stubble":[19],"burning,":[20],"which":[21],"also":[22],"reduces":[23],"soil":[24],"fertility.":[25],"The":[26,60],"government":[27],"has":[28],"implemented":[29],"various":[30],"efforts":[31],"lessen":[33],"its":[34,115],"severity.":[35],"By":[36],"using":[37],"tabular":[38],"analysis":[39,163],"burning":[41,68],"events,":[42],"this":[43],"study":[44],"found":[45],"that":[46,165],"number":[48],"such":[50],"events":[51,69],"decreased":[52],"from":[53],"2016":[54],"2021":[56],"India.":[59],"Mann-Kendall":[61],"test":[62],"indicated":[63],"negative":[65],"trend":[66],"for":[70],"three":[72],"states":[73],"Punjab,":[75,80,137],"Haryana,":[76,105,145],"and":[77,97,134,142,168],"WUP.":[78],"In":[79],"about":[81],"49%":[82],"area":[86,96,99,111,117,127,157,175],"is":[87,112,118],"burned,":[88,113],"with":[89,139],"growth":[91],"rates":[92],"burnt":[95,116],"being":[100],"nearly":[101],"equal.":[102],"Conversely,":[103],"only":[106],"17%":[107],"but":[114],"growing":[119],"at":[120],"faster":[122],"rate":[123],"than":[124],"itself.":[128],"Districts":[129],"like":[130],"Firozepur,":[131],"Faridkot,":[132],"Patiala,":[133],"Sangrur":[135],"along":[138],"Fatehabad,":[140],"Kurukshetra,":[141],"Karnal":[143],"require":[146],"special":[147],"attention":[148],"their":[151],"relatively":[152],"high":[153],"percentage":[154],"subjected":[158],"burning.":[160,178],"Panel":[161],"regression":[162],"suggests":[164],"cultivating":[166],"potato":[167],"basmati":[169],"rice":[170],"can":[171],"reduce":[172],"affected":[176],"by":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
