{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414746504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20112","title":"Mauritian snail shells show evidence of extinct predators","display_name":"Mauritian snail shells show evidence of extinct predators","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414746504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20112","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41054569","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12497399"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj.20112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1983995261","display_name":"PeerJ","issn_l":"2167-8359","issn":["2167-8359"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20112","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044817288","display_name":"Justin Gerlach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0157-0449","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0157-0449"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Justin Gerlach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peterhouse, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0157-0449","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peterhouse, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082678016","display_name":"F. B. Vincent Florens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1720-5438","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1720-5438"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69072986","display_name":"University of Mauritius","ror":"https://ror.org/05cyprz33","country_code":"MU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"]}],"countries":["MU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. B. Vincent Florens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tropical Island Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation Pole of Research, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1720-5438","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tropical Island Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation Pole of Research, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103849420","display_name":"Owen Lee Griffiths","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Owen L. Griffiths","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioculture Ltd., Senneville, Riviere des Anguilles, Mauritius"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioculture Ltd., Senneville, Riviere des Anguilles, Mauritius","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044817288"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":{"value":1395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1395},"apc_paid":{"value":1395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1395},"fwci":1.8544,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83757294,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"e20112","last_page":"e20112"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12234","display_name":"Mollusks and Parasites Studies","score":0.8169000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12234","display_name":"Mollusks and Parasites Studies","score":0.8169000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11913","display_name":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","score":0.05510000139474869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12473","display_name":"Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies","score":0.023399999365210533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropidophora","display_name":"Tropidophora","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-snails","display_name":"land snails","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mauritius","display_name":"Mauritius","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mascarene-islands","display_name":"Mascarene Islands","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predator-prey-interactions","display_name":"predator-prey interactions","score":0.5479999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188382862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170430","display_name":"Predation","level":2,"score":0.8883000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178300618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1898509","display_name":"Extant taxon","level":2,"score":0.7516999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96857902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2138108","display_name":"Predator","level":3,"score":0.654699981212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5769000053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779965526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308841","display_name":"Snail","level":2,"score":0.5282999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.5091000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120806208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8072","display_name":"Volcano","level":2,"score":0.4657000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777182579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6484264","display_name":"Land snail","level":3,"score":0.4546999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780252984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4867740","display_name":"Gastropoda","level":2,"score":0.3882000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.3716000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173656711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19067","display_name":"Apex predator","level":3,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993009931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6646992","display_name":"Extinct species","level":3,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776249982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25326","display_name":"Mollusca","level":2,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018451901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1700688","display_name":"Small island","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005580","descriptor_name":"Fossils","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008436","descriptor_name":"Mauritius","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011235","descriptor_name":"Predatory Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012908","descriptor_name":"Snails","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012908","descriptor_name":"Snails","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053476","descriptor_name":"Extinction, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060105","descriptor_name":"Animal Shells","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj.20112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1983995261","display_name":"PeerJ","issn_l":"2167-8359","issn":["2167-8359"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11306234","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12497399","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:41054569","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41054569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12497399","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12497399/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:faea7fc0027249ef9d12d084578e2db4","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/faea7fc0027249ef9d12d084578e2db4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ, Vol 13, p e20112 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/405799","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/405799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj.20112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1983995261","display_name":"PeerJ","issn_l":"2167-8359","issn":["2167-8359"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W73245517","https://openalex.org/W264025024","https://openalex.org/W1495707140","https://openalex.org/W1606464265","https://openalex.org/W1965120508","https://openalex.org/W1991714873","https://openalex.org/W2005216734","https://openalex.org/W2023672256","https://openalex.org/W2040106838","https://openalex.org/W2051445529","https://openalex.org/W2061793583","https://openalex.org/W2064741477","https://openalex.org/W2067497754","https://openalex.org/W2091190314","https://openalex.org/W2105216982","https://openalex.org/W2120224036","https://openalex.org/W2124304531","https://openalex.org/W2201320028","https://openalex.org/W2340540518","https://openalex.org/W2341830337","https://openalex.org/W2460952544","https://openalex.org/W2497888800","https://openalex.org/W2597234636","https://openalex.org/W2770421712","https://openalex.org/W2890019432","https://openalex.org/W2954291042","https://openalex.org/W2968438546","https://openalex.org/W3158626152","https://openalex.org/W3168111188","https://openalex.org/W4248801499","https://openalex.org/W4287218264","https://openalex.org/W4321596732"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136406889","https://openalex.org/W4298146592","https://openalex.org/W2998637659","https://openalex.org/W2954291042","https://openalex.org/W3164308176","https://openalex.org/W4309830276","https://openalex.org/W2052201534","https://openalex.org/W2162754094","https://openalex.org/W1977740728","https://openalex.org/W2011595526"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Shells":[0],"of":[1,4,8,12,35,54,89,114,131,139,195,202,220],"several":[2],"species":[3],"Tropidophora":[5],"land":[6],"snails":[7,168],"the":[9,26,36,52,67,92,129,186,203,206,214],"volcanic":[10],"island":[11],"Mauritius":[13],"(Mascarenes,":[14],"SW":[15],"Indian":[16],"Ocean),":[17],"all":[18],"dated":[19],"between":[20,231],"~1426BCE":[21],"and":[22,32,77,124,169,182,235],"~1090":[23],"CE":[24],"predating":[25],"earliest":[27],"confirmed":[28],"human":[29],"discovery":[30],"(1519)":[31],"settlement":[33],"(1638)":[34],"island,":[37],"have":[38,83,108,159],"been":[39,84,110],"found":[40],"with":[41],"characteristic":[42],"predatory":[43],"holes.":[44],"These":[45,148],"are":[46,209],"either":[47],"large,":[48],"irregular":[49],"holes":[50,60,107,149,187],"on":[51],"underside":[53],"T.":[55,72,75,78],"carinata":[56],",":[57,74,98],"or":[58],"circular":[59,106],"0\u20139\u20133.3":[61],"mm":[62],"in":[63,65,71,122,128,205,223],"diameter,":[64],"almost":[66],"exact":[68],"same":[69],"place":[70],"ligata":[73],"icterica":[76],"michaudi":[79],".":[80],"The":[81,105,172,198],"former":[82],"suggested":[85],"to":[86,102,118,126,145,152,158,177,212],"be":[87,103,119,127,213],"evidence":[88,219],"predation":[90,222],"by":[91,136,155,180,190],"extinct":[93,193,229],"red":[94],"rail":[95],"Aphanapteryx":[96],"bonasia":[97],"which":[99],"we":[100,183],"consider":[101],"probable.":[104],"not":[109],"reported":[111,157],"previously.":[112],"Examination":[113],"these":[115],"shows":[116],"them":[117],"very":[120],"regular":[121],"shape":[123],"size,":[125],"centre":[130],"a":[132,191],"shallow":[133],"depression":[134],"marked":[135],"two":[137],"sets":[138],"fine":[140],"grooves":[141],"at":[142],"right":[143],"angles":[144],"one":[146],"another.":[147],"were":[150,188],"compared":[151],"damage":[153,173],"caused":[154,179,189],"predators":[156],"\u2018bored\u2019":[160],"into":[161],"shells:":[162],"Drillus":[163],"elaterid":[164],"beetles,":[165],"Poiretia":[166],"spiraxid":[167],"rathouisiid":[170],"slugs.":[171],"is":[174,217,227],"most":[175],"similar":[176],"that":[178,185,196],"rathouisiids":[181],"postulate":[184],"now":[192],"predator":[194,234],"family.":[197],"only":[199],"extant":[200],"members":[201],"family":[204],"Mascarene":[207],"islands":[208],"too":[210],"small":[211],"predators.":[215],"There":[216],"no":[218],"such":[221],"recent":[224],"shells;":[225],"this":[226],"an":[228,232],"interaction":[230],"extirpated":[233],"its":[236],"prey.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
