{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414644502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802","title":"\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0643)","display_name":"\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0643)","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414644502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802","pdf_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/ghjec/article/download/20802/15951","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407043129","display_name":"Al-Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences","issn_l":"1994-0947","issn":["1994-0947","3006-1911","3006-192X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Al-Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/ghjec/article/download/20802/15951","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"\u062f.\ufb94\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0626\u0627\u0645\u06ce\u062f\u064a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6033180","display_name":"University of Duhok","ror":"https://ror.org/02g07ds81","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6033180"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u062f.\ufb94\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0626\u0627\u0645\u06ce\u062f\u064a","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6033180"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119774261","display_name":"\u0628\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6033180","display_name":"University of Duhok","ror":"https://ror.org/02g07ds81","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6033180"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0628\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6033180"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6033180"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14441569,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"998","last_page":"1034"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.3253999948501587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.3253999948501587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14260","display_name":"Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and Society","score":0.19979999959468842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12376","display_name":"Corporate Management and Leadership","score":0.1363999992609024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"artificial intelligence","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-change","display_name":"organizational change","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-managers","display_name":"bank managers","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managerial-perceptions","display_name":"managers' perceptions","score":0.4779999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.19869999587535858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.19499999284744263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1906999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1860000044107437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.18389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.16850000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.16580000519752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.16410000622272491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.16120000183582306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.15870000422000885}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802","pdf_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/ghjec/article/download/20802/15951","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407043129","display_name":"Al-Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences","issn_l":"1994-0947","issn":["1994-0947","3006-1911","3006-192X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Al-Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802.","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802.","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407043129","display_name":"Al-Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences","issn_l":"1994-0947","issn":["1994-0947","3006-1911","3006-192X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Al-Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ade6bb7ebc274a07a656becd5cff0f2a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ade6bb7ebc274a07a656becd5cff0f2a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629, Vol 21, Iss 3 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36325/ghjec.v21i3.20802","pdf_url":"https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/ghjec/article/download/20802/15951","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407043129","display_name":"Al-Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences","issn_l":"1994-0947","issn":["1994-0947","3006-1911","3006-192X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Al-Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.651199996471405},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5263000130653381}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414644502.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414644502.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4233339536","https://openalex.org/W7159586465","https://openalex.org/W7162952270","https://openalex.org/W7170958929","https://openalex.org/W4402970010","https://openalex.org/W7221290861","https://openalex.org/W7170639983","https://openalex.org/W7221303811","https://openalex.org/W4235835576","https://openalex.org/W7130819979"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641":[0],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[1],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b":[2,28,72,113,171],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[3,114],"\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644":[4,123],"\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629":[5,33],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621":[6,34,146,155,189],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a":[7,35,156],"\u0641\u064a":[8,19,30,36,40,43,53,59,78,81,106,131,134,157,162],"\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642":[9,37,163],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644":[10,38,129,164,186],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c":[11],"\u0645\u0646":[12,17,76,100,116,118,121,128,145,173],"\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644":[13],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639":[14],"\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621":[15],"\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629":[16,71],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646":[18,77,140],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641":[20,41,60,79,132,158,167,176],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629":[21,42,80],"\u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629":[22],"\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0643.":[23,45,83],"\u0625\u0630":[24],"\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f":[25],"\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644":[26],"\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629":[27],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a":[29],"\u0645\u0627":[31],"\u0645\u062f\u0649":[32],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a":[39,130,165,187],"\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629":[44,82,135],"\u062d\u064a\u062b":[46],"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a":[47],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u062a\u0627\u0646":[48],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[49,150],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c":[50],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a":[51],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a":[52],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644":[54],"\u0645\u0639":[55,138],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a":[56],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629":[57],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629":[58],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0629\u060c":[61,177],"\u0648\u062a\u0645":[62,97],"\u062c\u0645\u0639":[63],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a":[64],"\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b":[65],"\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645":[66,90,188],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629":[67],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c":[68],"\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a":[69],"\u062d\u062c\u0645":[70],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a":[73],"(76)":[74],"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b":[75],"\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627":[84],"\u062c\u0631\u062a":[85],"\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a":[86],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644":[87,110],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a":[88],"\u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a":[89],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c":[91],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629":[92,102],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629":[93],"\u0628\u0640":[94],"(SPSS":[95],"V.27)\u060c":[96],"\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628":[98],"\u0639\u062f\u062f":[99],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a":[101],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[103],"\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a":[104],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633":[105],"\u0639\u0631\u0636":[107],"\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629":[108],"\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c":[109,122],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a.":[111],"\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644":[112],"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629":[115],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a":[117],"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627":[119,179],"\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646":[120],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637":[124],"\u0623\u0646":[125],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a":[126],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629":[127],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0629":[133,159],"\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0643":[136],"\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646":[137],"\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643":[139],"\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627":[141],"\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a":[142],"\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629":[143],"\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b":[144],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c":[147],"\u0648\u0647\u0630":[148],"\u064a\u064a\u062f\u0644":[149],"\u0623\u0646\u0647":[151],"\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627":[152,160],"\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u062a":[153],"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a":[154],"\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645":[161],"\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643":[166],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629.":[168],"\u0643\u0645\u0627":[169],"\u0642\u062f\u0645":[170],"\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b":[172],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a":[174],"\u062a\u062e\u0635":[175],"\u0648\u0645\u0646":[178],"\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629":[180],"\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a":[181],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a":[182],"\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629":[183],"\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644":[184],"\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629":[185],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
