{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414591663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","title":"Associations between Intergenerational Structure Transitions, Marital Status Transitions, and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Middle-aged and Older People: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study","display_name":"Associations between Intergenerational Structure Transitions, Marital Status Transitions, and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Middle-aged and Older People: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414591663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_386_24"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215553","display_name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","issn_l":"2589-9767","issn":["2589-9767","2772-4204"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113282057","display_name":"Jun Ma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Meirong Xiao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meirong Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou, China","National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yuqi Fu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqi Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bokang Zhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bokang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002272507","display_name":"Guilan Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-1644","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-1644"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guilan Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou, China","National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-1644","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002272507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2469,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94688265,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"4","first_page":"199","last_page":"206"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12811","display_name":"Aging, Health, and Disability","score":0.5185999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12811","display_name":"Aging, Health, and Disability","score":0.5185999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11712","display_name":"Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving","score":0.30399999022483826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.0820000022649765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depressive-symptoms","display_name":"depressive symptoms","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-aged-and-older-adults","display_name":"middle-aged and older adults","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-structure-change","display_name":"family structure change","score":0.6230000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019858935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4340209","display_name":"Depressive symptoms","level":3,"score":0.7506999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781354955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11920938","display_name":"Marital status","level":3,"score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.7444999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780176501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5690755","display_name":"Health and Retirement Study","level":2,"score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5198000073432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5020999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5020999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5006999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.49549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.3993000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.3418000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020672099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Longitudinal data","level":2,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1691868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1811049","display_name":"Life course approach","level":2,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79544238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423243","display_name":"Activities of daily living","level":2,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778087770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297111","display_name":"Social support","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215553","display_name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","issn_l":"2589-9767","issn":["2589-9767","2772-4204"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2979164496fb41afa7098003a480998a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2979164496fb41afa7098003a480998a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior, Vol 8, Iss 4, Pp 199-206 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_386_24","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215553","display_name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","issn_l":"2589-9767","issn":["2589-9767","2772-4204"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1849894349","https://openalex.org/W1971827490","https://openalex.org/W2121200145","https://openalex.org/W2128573775","https://openalex.org/W2131211090","https://openalex.org/W2258965048","https://openalex.org/W2737277124","https://openalex.org/W2766262999","https://openalex.org/W2902702011","https://openalex.org/W2967955176","https://openalex.org/W2979455245","https://openalex.org/W2986133334","https://openalex.org/W3009865978","https://openalex.org/W3021803594","https://openalex.org/W3090587863","https://openalex.org/W3111926214","https://openalex.org/W3154645133","https://openalex.org/W3154717037","https://openalex.org/W3176434685","https://openalex.org/W3190350957","https://openalex.org/W3211143280","https://openalex.org/W4200561577","https://openalex.org/W4214924478","https://openalex.org/W4223474759","https://openalex.org/W4225308749","https://openalex.org/W4281252243","https://openalex.org/W4284978251","https://openalex.org/W4294185218","https://openalex.org/W4312158850","https://openalex.org/W4366490454","https://openalex.org/W4385668964","https://openalex.org/W4386034564","https://openalex.org/W4386760229","https://openalex.org/W4387616299","https://openalex.org/W4389381415","https://openalex.org/W4401273940","https://openalex.org/W4401333201"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Intergenerational":[1],"structures":[2],"in":[3,39,48,56,89,116,194],"China":[4,50],"have":[5],"undergone":[6],"significant":[7],"changes":[8],"over":[9],"recent":[10],"decades.":[11],"However,":[12],"the":[13,32,49,58,69,90,102,107,128,217,226,234],"relationship":[14],"between":[15,71],"intergenerational":[16,72],"structure":[17,73],"transitions,":[18,21,74,77],"marital":[19,75],"status":[20,76,205],"and":[22,36,52,60,78,99,188,197,239],"depressive":[23,79,131,175,214,229],"symptoms":[24,132,176],"remains":[25],"underexplored.":[26],"This":[27],"study":[28,108],"aimed":[29],"to":[30,67,111,123,151,178,203,212,221],"investigate":[31],"topic":[33],"among":[34],"middle-aged":[35,187],"older":[37,189],"adults":[38,190],"China.":[40],"Methods:":[41],"Data":[42],"were":[43,65,87,104,209],"drawn":[44],"from":[45,120,149,201,219],"7732":[46,85],"participants":[47,86,103,146],"Health":[51],"Retirement":[53],"Longitudinal":[54],"Study":[55],"both":[57],"2018":[59],"2020":[61],"surveys.":[62],"Logistic":[63],"regressions":[64],"used":[66],"analyze":[68],"associations":[70],"symptoms.":[80,215,230],"Results:":[81],"A":[82],"total":[83],"of":[84,96,101,130,174,228],"included":[88],"analysis,":[91],"with":[92],"a":[93,171],"mean":[94],"age":[95],"60.89":[97],"years,":[98],"51%":[100],"males.":[105],"Among":[106],"participants,":[109],"compared":[110,177],"those":[112,179,198,242],"who":[113,147,180,191,199],"continued":[114],"living":[115],"two-generation":[117,121,195,220],"households,":[118,196],"transitioning":[119],"households":[122,125,223],"one-generation":[124,222],"significantly":[126,224],"reduced":[127,225],"risk":[129,173,227],"(odds":[133],"ratio":[134],"[OR]":[135],"=":[136,142,154,158,164,168],"0.80,":[137],"95%":[138,156,166],"confidence":[139],"interval":[140],"[CI]":[141],"0.64\u20130.99).":[143],"In":[144],"addition,":[145],"transitioned":[148,200],"married":[150,202],"unmarried":[152,162,204],"(OR":[153,163],"1.90,":[155],"CI":[157,167],"1.39\u20132.59),":[159],"or":[160,206],"stayed":[161,181,207],"1.39,":[165],"1.22\u20131.59)":[169],"had":[170],"higher":[172],"married.":[182],"Conclusion:":[183],"We":[184],"found":[185],"that":[186],"continuously":[192],"resided":[193],"unmarried,":[208],"more":[210],"likely":[211],"experience":[213],"Meanwhile,":[216],"transition":[218],"These":[231],"findings":[232],"highlight":[233],"need":[235],"for":[236,241],"targeted":[237],"interventions":[238],"support":[240],"at-risk":[243],"groups.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}