{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414479211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","title":"Association of metabolic score for insulin resistance with gestational diabetes mellitus: a multicenter cohort study","display_name":"Association of metabolic score for insulin resistance with gestational diabetes mellitus: a multicenter cohort study","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414479211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41070016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102787100","display_name":"Qiong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2116-4683","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2116-4683"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150657","display_name":"Chenzhou First People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04y2bwa40","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036446057","display_name":"Ailing Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3911-7367","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3911-7367"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ailing Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chenyang Zhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150657","display_name":"Chenzhou First People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04y2bwa40","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428524","display_name":"Ying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6355-9205","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6355-9205"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146205","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rhdtb47","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146205"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210146205"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Meng Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146205","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rhdtb47","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146205"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210146205"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101466432","display_name":"Ying Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6059-7361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6059-7361"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066982973","display_name":"Yajing Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5501-1483","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5501-1483"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yajing Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059077652","display_name":"Yu Ping","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3319-7145","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3319-7145"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ping Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062760552","display_name":"Chaoyan Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4030-0166","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4030-0166","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0597-8388"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146205","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rhdtb47","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146205"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chaoyan Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210146205"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059077652","https://openalex.org/A5062760552"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522","https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4210146205"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":5.2083,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95621239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"1661119","last_page":"1661119"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10673","display_name":"Gestational Diabetes Research and Management","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2729","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10673","display_name":"Gestational Diabetes Research and Management","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2729","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10290","display_name":"Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2729","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mets-ir","display_name":"METS-IR","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gestational-diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"gestational diabetes mellitus","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance","display_name":"insulin resistance","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-pregnancy-outcomes","display_name":"adverse pregnancy outcomes","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preterm-birth","display_name":"preterm birth","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrosomia","display_name":"macrosomia","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preeclampsia","display_name":"preeclampsia","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-response-relationship","display_name":"dose-response relationship","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-value","display_name":"predictive value","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hdl-cholesterol","display_name":"HDL cholesterol","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triglycerides","display_name":"triglycerides","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fasting-blood-glucose","display_name":"fasting blood glucose","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-age","display_name":"maternal age","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singleton-pregnancy","display_name":"singleton pregnancy","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes-risk","display_name":"type 2 diabetes risk","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-prediction-model","display_name":"risk prediction model","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-calculator","display_name":"risk calculator","score":0.32899999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779434492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126691","display_name":"Gestational diabetes","level":4,"score":0.7601000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777391703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470","display_name":"Insulin resistance","level":3,"score":0.7087000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.5483999848365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.5116000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4918000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.44020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.41760000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.40639999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780578515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657193","display_name":"Metabolic syndrome","level":3,"score":0.388700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.3871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.3813000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146304588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q961652","display_name":"Case-control study","level":2,"score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020404979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk stratification","level":2,"score":0.35409998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778376644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2253111","display_name":"Gestational age","level":3,"score":0.34450000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.3382999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46973012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28627","display_name":"Gestation","level":3,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.3301999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018380654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5572348","display_name":"Fasting glucose","level":4,"score":0.3012000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017594256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470","display_name":"Insulin sensitivity","level":4,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992435398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934595","display_name":"Multicenter study","level":3,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779974597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28448986","display_name":"Clinical Practice","level":2,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.2529999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70818257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502671","display_name":"Metabolic control analysis","level":3,"score":0.25209999084472656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41070016","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41070016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in nutrition","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11312890","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12504880","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c6eccc1ce3a64a8cbc6d1591e9bd0dc2","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c6eccc1ce3a64a8cbc6d1591e9bd0dc2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition, Vol 12 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12504880","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12504880/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Nutr","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1661119/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317802","display_name":"Jiangsu Commission of Health","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321851","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414479211.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414479211.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133548050","https://openalex.org/W1619324779","https://openalex.org/W1969883571","https://openalex.org/W1975628529","https://openalex.org/W1981268963","https://openalex.org/W2029486004","https://openalex.org/W2030768595","https://openalex.org/W2042789677","https://openalex.org/W2073049802","https://openalex.org/W2075999876","https://openalex.org/W2081791812","https://openalex.org/W2105912552","https://openalex.org/W2120763335","https://openalex.org/W2124937339","https://openalex.org/W2135944926","https://openalex.org/W2146712490","https://openalex.org/W2175474731","https://openalex.org/W2326229595","https://openalex.org/W2519657095","https://openalex.org/W2558605920","https://openalex.org/W2577132550","https://openalex.org/W2793064977","https://openalex.org/W2800537826","https://openalex.org/W2885227339","https://openalex.org/W2898304806","https://openalex.org/W2953822763","https://openalex.org/W2962773382","https://openalex.org/W2972454366","https://openalex.org/W3012542868","https://openalex.org/W3036555590","https://openalex.org/W3064462073","https://openalex.org/W3134982590","https://openalex.org/W3195688121","https://openalex.org/W4200046797","https://openalex.org/W4205324281","https://openalex.org/W4245793408","https://openalex.org/W4281563604","https://openalex.org/W4288885871","https://openalex.org/W4311133814","https://openalex.org/W4313889563","https://openalex.org/W4378782021","https://openalex.org/W4395453799","https://openalex.org/W4399864136","https://openalex.org/W4401324952","https://openalex.org/W4404093404","https://openalex.org/W4404179651","https://openalex.org/W4412714235","https://openalex.org/W4413439615"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"The":[1,160,304],"metabolic":[2],"score":[3],"for":[4,14,176,317,359,368],"insulin":[5,16],"resistance":[6],"(METS-IR)":[7],"is":[8,24,340],"a":[9,294,356],"novel":[10],"and":[11,39,59,69,91,140,151,206,225,241,253,271,281,324,331,346,362],"effective":[12],"indicator":[13],"assessing":[15],"resistance.":[17],"Previous":[18],"studies":[19],"have":[20],"shown":[21],"that":[22,276,308,338],"METS-IR":[23,38,58,99,131,150,180,240,270,280,316,339,352],"positively":[25,341],"associated":[26,184,342],"with":[27,185,192,250,293,343],"the":[28,35,55,97,103,147,170,193,198,203,277,309,312],"risk":[29,188,297,345,360],"of":[30,78,189,200,315],"type":[31],"2":[32],"diabetes.":[33],"However,":[34],"association":[36,56,278],"between":[37,57,88,149,239,269,279],"gestational":[40,245],"diabetes":[41,246],"mellitus":[42,247],"(GDM)":[43,248],"has":[44],"not":[45],"yet":[46],"been":[47],"clearly":[48],"clarified.":[49],"This":[50,335],"study":[51,336],"aims":[52],"to":[53,70,130,145,168],"investigate":[54],"GDM":[60,152,201,256,282,296,344],"as":[61,63,153,155,355],"well":[62,154],"its":[64,72,347],"related":[65,156,348],"adverse":[66,157,349],"pregnancy":[67,158,350],"outcomes":[68],"evaluate":[71,169],"predictive":[73,171],"value.":[74],"Methods":[75],"A":[76],"total":[77],"37,770":[79],"singleton":[80],"pregnant":[81],"women":[82,300],"from":[83],"three":[84],"hospitals":[85],"in":[86,96,202,365],"China":[87],"January":[89],"2018":[90],"June":[92],"2024":[93],"were":[94,124,143,166,182,236,326],"included":[95],"study.":[98],"was":[100],"calculated":[101],"using":[102],"formula:":[104],"ln":[105],"([high-density":[106],"lipoprotein":[107],"cholesterol":[108],"(HDL-C)":[109],"(mg/dL)]":[110,116],"\u00d7":[111,113,120],"[2":[112],"fasting":[114],"glucose":[115],"+":[117],"TG":[118],"(mg/dL)":[119],"BMI":[121],"(kg/m2)).":[122],"Participants":[123],"divided":[125],"into":[126],"four":[127],"groups":[128,208,288],"according":[129],"quartiles.":[132],"Multivariable":[133],"logistic":[134],"regression":[135],"models,":[136],"smoothed":[137],"curve":[138,261,313],"fitting,":[139],"subgroup":[141],"analyses":[142],"conducted":[144],"assess":[146],"associations":[148,235],"outcomes.":[159,351],"receiver":[161],"operating":[162],"characteristic":[163],"(ROC)":[164],"curves":[165],"used":[167],"performance.":[172],"Results":[173],"After":[174],"adjusting":[175],"potential":[177],"confounders,":[178],"higher":[179,295],"levels":[181],"significantly":[183],"an":[186,264],"increased":[187,209],"GDM.":[190,272,369],"Compared":[191],"lowest":[194],"quartile":[195],"group":[196],"(Q1),":[197],"risks":[199],"Q2,":[204],"Q3,":[205],"Q4":[207],"by":[210],"13%":[211],"(OR":[212,219,227],"=":[213,220,228],"1.13,":[214],"95%":[215,222,230],"CI:":[216,223,231],"1.02\u20131.25),":[217],"59%":[218],"1.59,":[221],"1.44\u20131.75),":[224],"165%":[226],"2.65,":[229],"2.42\u20132.91),":[232],"respectively.":[233,333],"Similar":[234],"also":[237],"observed":[238,298],"preterm":[242,320],"birth,":[243,321],"macrosomia,":[244,322],"complicated":[249],"preeclampsia":[251],"(GDM&PE),":[252],"pharmacologically":[254],"treated":[255],"class":[257],"A2":[258],"(GDMA2).":[259],"Smoothed":[260],"fitting":[262],"suggested":[263],"approximately":[265],"linear":[266],"dose\u2013response":[267],"relationship":[268],"Subgroup":[273],"analysis":[274,306],"indicated":[275],"remained":[283],"consistent":[284],"across":[285],"different":[286],"age":[287],"(interaction":[289],"p":[290],">":[291],"0.05),":[292],"among":[299],"aged":[301],"\u226535":[302],"years.":[303],"ROC":[305],"showed":[307],"areas":[310],"under":[311],"(AUCs)":[314],"predicting":[318],"GDM,":[319],"GDM&PE,":[323],"GDMA2":[325],"0.623,":[327],"0.532,":[328],"0.640,":[329],"0.741,":[330],"0.712,":[332],"Conclusion":[334],"demonstrated":[337],"may":[353],"serve":[354],"useful":[357],"tool":[358],"stratification":[361],"early":[363],"intervention":[364],"clinical":[366],"practice":[367]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}