{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414326164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15181439","title":"Advancing Zinc\u2013Manganese Oxide Batteries: Mechanistic Insights, Anode Engineering, and Cathode Regulation","display_name":"Advancing Zinc\u2013Manganese Oxide Batteries: Mechanistic Insights, Anode Engineering, and Cathode Regulation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414326164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15181439","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41003074","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12472640"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/nano15181439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15181439","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15181439","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/18/1439/pdf?version=1758206234","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764646681","display_name":"Nanomaterials","issn_l":"2079-4991","issn":["2079-4991"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/18/1439/pdf?version=1758206234","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108688896","display_name":"Chuang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8882-8563","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8882-8563"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8882-8563","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102589712","display_name":"Yiheng Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8373-7481","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8373-7481"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiheng Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105461960","display_name":"Yudong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4653-932X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4653-932X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yudong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bo Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Success Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Success Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056570751","display_name":"Zhaoqiang Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoqiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yu Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101578015","display_name":"Deqiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8490-7790","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8490-7790"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deqiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ruilin Qiu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruilin Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031321417","display_name":"Qilin Shuai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5155-9044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5155-9044"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qilin Shuai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103036617","display_name":"Yuan Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5523-3202","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5523-3202"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Haoqi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2232-0895","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2232-0895"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoqi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2232-0895","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015367134","display_name":"Xiaojuan Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8274-8105","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8274-8105"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojuan Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058641466","display_name":"Wu Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6665-5451","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6665-5451"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wu Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instrumentation and Service Center for Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6665-5451","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instrumentation and Service Center for Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Di Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Di Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics Group, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Secondary School, Zhongshan 528454, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Group, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Secondary School, Zhongshan 528454, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110103697","display_name":"Qingsong Hua","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280756","display_name":"Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfbj71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingsong Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280756"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056570751","https://openalex.org/A5058641466","https://openalex.org/A5110103697"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4405280756"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":0.4829,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45185584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"18","first_page":"1439","last_page":"1439"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11690","display_name":"Aqueous and Flow Batteries","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11690","display_name":"Aqueous and Flow Batteries","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10018","display_name":"Advancements in Battery Materials","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10179","display_name":"Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aqueous-zinc-ion-batteries","display_name":"aqueous zinc-ion batteries","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zn-mno2-batteries","display_name":"Zn-MnO2 batteries","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reaction-mechanism","display_name":"reaction mechanism","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversion-disorder","display_name":"conversion disorder","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zinc-dendrite-growth","display_name":"zinc dendrite growth","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-evolution-reaction","display_name":"hydrogen evolution reaction","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anode-corrosion","display_name":"anode corrosion","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anode-protection","display_name":"anode protection","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrolyte-additives","display_name":"electrolyte additives","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-ion-doping","display_name":"metal ion doping","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-vacancy-engineering","display_name":"oxygen vacancy engineering","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-collapse","display_name":"structural collapse","score":0.46700000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89395315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181232","display_name":"Anode","level":3,"score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6818000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.5939000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50690","display_name":"Oxide","level":2,"score":0.5698999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49110097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175233","display_name":"Cathode","level":2,"score":0.5457000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68801617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162908","display_name":"Electrolyte","level":3,"score":0.5041000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.4932999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144822601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11271324","display_name":"Energy transformation","level":2,"score":0.43130001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114221277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899743","display_name":"Vacancy defect","level":2,"score":0.4293000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7877","display_name":"Electrochemistry","level":3,"score":0.4081000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163114375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11260161","display_name":"Surface engineering","level":2,"score":0.3919000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20625102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056","display_name":"Corrosion","level":2,"score":0.3441999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7645993","display_name":"Surface modification","level":2,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9682599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11549077","display_name":"Hydrogen fuel","level":3,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513720949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778729","display_name":"Carbon nanotube","level":2,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68044625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1203442","display_name":"Hydrogen storage","level":3,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35590869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2697332","display_name":"Water splitting","level":4,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57863236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130571","display_name":"Doping","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39380314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478859","display_name":"Hydrogen economy","level":4,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109883240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1672053","display_name":"Fast ion conductor","level":4,"score":0.2526000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106773901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19588","display_name":"Transition metal","level":3,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/nano15181439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15181439","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15181439","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/18/1439/pdf?version=1758206234","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764646681","display_name":"Nanomaterials","issn_l":"2079-4991","issn":["2079-4991"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11281385","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12472640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:41003074","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41003074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12472640","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12472640/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a319c21dfd934b789b010a7632272f61","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a319c21dfd934b789b010a7632272f61","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials, Vol 15, Iss 18, p 1439 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/nano15181439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15181439","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15181439","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/18/1439/pdf?version=1758206234","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764646681","display_name":"Nanomaterials","issn_l":"2079-4991","issn":["2079-4991"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9853000044822693}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1780510714","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024A1515010806","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2270621130","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52302215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2414661507","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021QN020182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3194729447","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024YFB4006500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3882101136","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024A1515010806","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5630221049","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52302215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7446803741","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021QN020182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7821732333","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 52302215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8925892653","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024YFB4006500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414326164.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414326164.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":111,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2041439158","https://openalex.org/W2167575417","https://openalex.org/W2340600715","https://openalex.org/W2590426204","https://openalex.org/W2754928350","https://openalex.org/W2789422871","https://openalex.org/W2800903485","https://openalex.org/W2808025896","https://openalex.org/W2810395013","https://openalex.org/W2883511429","https://openalex.org/W2884331811","https://openalex.org/W2887208850","https://openalex.org/W2887470853","https://openalex.org/W2889349749","https://openalex.org/W2910862777","https://openalex.org/W2911676861","https://openalex.org/W2921157726","https://openalex.org/W2921838163","https://openalex.org/W2930426420","https://openalex.org/W2941622960","https://openalex.org/W2942376734","https://openalex.org/W2944207676","https://openalex.org/W2944672545","https://openalex.org/W2948714954","https://openalex.org/W2955408399","https://openalex.org/W2956965248","https://openalex.org/W2962932562","https://openalex.org/W2964150889","https://openalex.org/W2965353904","https://openalex.org/W2965897596","https://openalex.org/W2967704384","https://openalex.org/W2968644466","https://openalex.org/W2969244112","https://openalex.org/W2969461262","https://openalex.org/W2971580278","https://openalex.org/W2978454364","https://openalex.org/W2980826787","https://openalex.org/W2989390973","https://openalex.org/W2993434839","https://openalex.org/W2995442447","https://openalex.org/W2997804731","https://openalex.org/W2998076436","https://openalex.org/W2998705289","https://openalex.org/W2999202092","https://openalex.org/W2999957013","https://openalex.org/W3000486107","https://openalex.org/W3000525335","https://openalex.org/W3004801864","https://openalex.org/W3005493756","https://openalex.org/W3006981776","https://openalex.org/W3009693366","https://openalex.org/W3010440882","https://openalex.org/W3010676504","https://openalex.org/W3011295855","https://openalex.org/W3013729281","https://openalex.org/W3014782145","https://openalex.org/W3015715496","https://openalex.org/W3019221233","https://openalex.org/W3020561878","https://openalex.org/W3021738733","https://openalex.org/W3022743302","https://openalex.org/W3025035608","https://openalex.org/W3026103159","https://openalex.org/W3026934891","https://openalex.org/W3027533317","https://openalex.org/W3027838646","https://openalex.org/W3045315198","https://openalex.org/W3049391538","https://openalex.org/W3090268570","https://openalex.org/W3114938070","https://openalex.org/W3120496769","https://openalex.org/W3125952848","https://openalex.org/W3125979898","https://openalex.org/W3134618236","https://openalex.org/W3159037082","https://openalex.org/W3180871209","https://openalex.org/W3181304759","https://openalex.org/W4200213153","https://openalex.org/W4205527027","https://openalex.org/W4205838113","https://openalex.org/W4280550574","https://openalex.org/W4288067953","https://openalex.org/W4290672245","https://openalex.org/W4296311535","https://openalex.org/W4307956990","https://openalex.org/W4309771469","https://openalex.org/W4310067443","https://openalex.org/W4312181380","https://openalex.org/W4313893074","https://openalex.org/W4317584166","https://openalex.org/W4319334391","https://openalex.org/W4321485692","https://openalex.org/W4327599724","https://openalex.org/W4365811211","https://openalex.org/W4366278627","https://openalex.org/W4367680826","https://openalex.org/W4376225597","https://openalex.org/W4382396011","https://openalex.org/W4382797437","https://openalex.org/W4385852270","https://openalex.org/W4386211748","https://openalex.org/W4386355931","https://openalex.org/W4387141402","https://openalex.org/W4393148236","https://openalex.org/W4394697955","https://openalex.org/W4396557117","https://openalex.org/W4401888481","https://openalex.org/W4402754367","https://openalex.org/W4404319717","https://openalex.org/W4408129735","https://openalex.org/W4408164761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390098704","https://openalex.org/W4416527748","https://openalex.org/W4391275451","https://openalex.org/W4384071179","https://openalex.org/W7165362383","https://openalex.org/W4391043112","https://openalex.org/W4206433800","https://openalex.org/W7128431665","https://openalex.org/W4412782227","https://openalex.org/W4407071573"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rechargeable":[0],"aqueous":[1],"Zn-MnO2":[2],"batteries":[3],"are":[4],"positioned":[5],"as":[6,64,156,192],"a":[7,28,147,225],"highly":[8],"promising":[9],"candidate":[10],"for":[11,177,232],"next-generation":[12],"energy":[13,53,118],"storage,":[14],"owing":[15],"to":[16,223],"their":[17],"compelling":[18],"combination":[19],"of":[20,31,94,141,189,240],"economic":[21],"viability,":[22],"inherent":[23],"safety,":[24],"exceptional":[25],"capacity":[26],"(with":[27],"theoretical":[29,113,226],"value":[30],"\u2248308":[32],"mAh\u00b7g\u22121),":[33],"and":[34,68,74,82,102,137,164,194,208,217,228,237],"eco-sustainability.":[35],"However,":[36],"this":[37,220],"system":[38],"still":[39],"faces":[40],"multiple":[41],"critical":[42],"challenges":[43],"that":[44,115],"hinder":[45],"its":[46],"practical":[47,230,238],"application,":[48],"primarily":[49],"including":[50,183],"the":[51,78,86,111,117,127,131,138,173],"ambiguous":[52],"storage":[54,119],"reaction":[55,81,133],"mechanism":[56,140],"(e.g.,":[57,77,187,214],"unresolved":[58],"debates":[59],"on":[60,85,150,171],"core":[61],"issues":[62],"such":[63,155,191],"ion":[65,185],"transport":[66],"pathways":[67,182],"phase":[69],"transition":[70],"kinetics),":[71],"dendrite":[72],"growth":[73],"side":[75],"reactions":[76,120],"hydrogen":[79],"evolution":[80],"corrosion":[83],"reaction)":[84],"metallic":[87],"Zn":[88,151],"anode,":[89],"inadequate":[90],"intrinsic":[91],"electrical":[92],"conductivity":[93],"MnO2":[95,178],"cathodes":[96],"(\u224810\u22125":[97],"S\u00b7cm\u22121),":[98],"active":[99],"material":[100],"dissolution,":[101],"structural":[103,202],"collapse.":[104],"This":[105],"review":[106,221],"begins":[107],"by":[108],"systematically":[109],"summarizing":[110],"prevailing":[112],"models":[114],"describe":[116],"in":[121],"Zn-Mn":[122],"batteries,":[123],"categorizing":[124],"them":[125],"into":[126],"Zn2+":[128],"insertion/extraction":[129],"model,":[130],"conversion":[132],"involving":[134],"MnOx":[135],"dissolution\u2013deposition,":[136],"hybrid":[139],"H+/Zn2+":[142],"co-intercalation.":[143],"Subsequently,":[144],"we":[145,169],"present":[146],"comprehensive":[148],"discussion":[149],"anode":[152],"protection":[153],"strategies,":[154],"surface":[157],"protective":[158],"layer":[159],"construction,":[160],"3D":[161],"structure":[162,206],"design,":[163],"electrolyte":[165],"additive":[166],"regulation.":[167],"Furthermore,":[168],"focus":[170],"analyzing":[172],"performance":[174],"optimization":[175,204],"strategies":[176],"cathodes,":[179],"covering":[180],"key":[181],"metal":[184],"doping":[186],"introduction":[188],"heteroions":[190],"Al3+":[193],"Ni2+),":[195],"defect":[196],"engineering":[197,239],"(oxygen":[198],"vacancy/cation":[199],"vacancy":[200],"regulation),":[201],"topology":[203],"(layered/tunnel-type":[205],"design),":[207],"composite":[209],"modification":[210],"with":[211],"high-conductivity":[212],"substrates":[213],"carbon":[215],"nanotubes":[216],"graphene).":[218],"Therefore,":[219],"aims":[222],"establish":[224],"foundation":[227],"offer":[229],"guidance":[231],"advancing":[233],"both":[234],"fundamental":[235],"research":[236],"Zn-manganese":[241],"oxide":[242],"secondary":[243],"batteries.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
