{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414282965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","title":"FD-Net: Fire detection from CC videos with frame inter correlated pattern analysis and Bi-directional SVM pyramid networks","display_name":"FD-Net: Fire detection from CC videos with frame inter correlated pattern analysis and Bi-directional SVM pyramid networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414282965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651922","display_name":"Systems and Soft Computing","issn_l":"2772-9419","issn":["2772-9419"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Nivedita Das","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nivedita Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security), Malla Reddy Engineering College and Management Sciences, Kistapur, Medchal, Telangana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security), Malla Reddy Engineering College and Management Sciences, Kistapur, Medchal, Telangana, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090065228","display_name":"G.S.N. Murthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4538-6490","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4538-6490"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405262389","display_name":"Aditya University","ror":"https://ror.org/03127q162","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405262389"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.S.N. Murthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Aditya University, Surampalem, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Aditya University, Surampalem, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405262389"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kapu Akhila","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kapu Akhila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security), Malla Reddy Engineering College and Management Sciences, Kistapur, Medchal, Telangana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security), Malla Reddy Engineering College and Management Sciences, Kistapur, Medchal, Telangana, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ailada Uma Maheshwar Rao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ailada Uma Maheshwar Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security), Malla Reddy Engineering College and Management Sciences, Kistapur, Medchal, Telangana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security), Malla Reddy Engineering College and Management Sciences, Kistapur, Medchal, Telangana, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049629110","display_name":"M. Ruchitha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Ruchitha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security), Malla Reddy Engineering College and Management Sciences, Kistapur, Medchal, Telangana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security), Malla Reddy Engineering College and Management Sciences, Kistapur, Medchal, Telangana, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119650642","display_name":"Nagender","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nagender","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security), Malla Reddy Engineering College and Management Sciences, Kistapur, Medchal, Telangana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security), Malla Reddy Engineering College and Management Sciences, Kistapur, Medchal, Telangana, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1870,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1870},"apc_paid":{"value":1870,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1870},"fwci":0.9221,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69729647,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"200393","last_page":"200393"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-detection","display_name":"fire detection","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-surveillance","display_name":"video surveillance","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/background-noise-reduction","display_name":"background noise suppression","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-reduction","display_name":"false positive reduction","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-fire-detection","display_name":"real-time fire detection","score":0.7900000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780836893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19922674","display_name":"Fire detection","level":2,"score":0.7700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6967999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.6636999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6635000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.6517999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6115999817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5644999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64869954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859747","display_name":"False positive paradox","level":2,"score":0.5238999724388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5065000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.48019999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.46050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.44190001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4415000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4203999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.39320001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776088427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378859","display_name":"Pattern detection","level":2,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3158999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100675267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1371624","display_name":"Background noise","level":2,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985264313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378859","display_name":"Pattern analysis","level":2,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81545478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451561","display_name":"Fire control","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780156472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2355550","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","level":3,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32653426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813641","display_name":"Background subtraction","level":3,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39394851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q921594","display_name":"Inter frame","level":4,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651922","display_name":"Systems and Soft Computing","issn_l":"2772-9419","issn":["2772-9419"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0bc3741bc3634161a38e6ec89de10c46","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0bc3741bc3634161a38e6ec89de10c46","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Soft Computing, Vol 7, Iss , Pp 200393- (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200393","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651922","display_name":"Systems and Soft Computing","issn_l":"2772-9419","issn":["2772-9419"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2951170807","https://openalex.org/W3020703583","https://openalex.org/W3022122362","https://openalex.org/W3183944541","https://openalex.org/W3193643894","https://openalex.org/W3197938577","https://openalex.org/W4200555195","https://openalex.org/W4211057462","https://openalex.org/W4213223813","https://openalex.org/W4213437443","https://openalex.org/W4224243785","https://openalex.org/W4224277509","https://openalex.org/W4224936685","https://openalex.org/W4240396040","https://openalex.org/W4293240934","https://openalex.org/W4295599279","https://openalex.org/W4306404511","https://openalex.org/W4319987537","https://openalex.org/W4320492316","https://openalex.org/W4327953416","https://openalex.org/W4386914061","https://openalex.org/W4402518287","https://openalex.org/W4402992628","https://openalex.org/W4406900947","https://openalex.org/W4407004404","https://openalex.org/W4408791539"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308752374","https://openalex.org/W7131263726","https://openalex.org/W4406163167","https://openalex.org/W4386970501","https://openalex.org/W3099631847","https://openalex.org/W4412905100","https://openalex.org/W4415704063","https://openalex.org/W3046886119","https://openalex.org/W7219892842","https://openalex.org/W4415672515"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fire":[0,55],"detection":[1,44,61,140,149],"from":[2],"closed-circuit":[3],"(CC)":[4],"camera":[5],"videos":[6],"is":[7,107],"crucial":[8],"for":[9,128,146],"real-time":[10,147],"security":[11],"applications":[12],"in":[13,32],"industries,":[14],"urban":[15],"areas,":[16],"and":[17,28,40,75,138],"public":[18],"spaces.":[19],"Statistically,":[20],"fire":[21,43,60,112,148],"incidents":[22,113],"cause":[23],"over":[24,131],"1.3":[25],"million":[26],"injuries":[27],"approximately":[29],"$10":[30],"billion":[31],"property":[33],"damage":[34],"annually.":[35],"Due":[36],"to":[37,110,126],"environmental":[38],"noise":[39,74],"light":[41],"reflections,":[42],"methods":[45],"often":[46],"struggle":[47],"with":[48,114],"high":[49],"false":[50,136],"positive":[51],"rates.":[52],"The":[53,79,99],"proposed":[54],"Detection":[56],"Network":[57,105],"(FD-Net)":[58],"enhances":[59],"accuracy":[62],"by":[63],"incorporating":[64],"a":[65,118],"robust":[66],"data":[67,124],"preprocessing":[68],"stage":[69],"that":[70,121],"filters":[71],"out":[72],"background":[73],"stabilises":[76],"video":[77,123],"frames.":[78],"system":[80],"also":[81],"utilises":[82],"the":[83,92],"Frame":[84],"Inter":[85],"Correlated":[86],"Pattern":[87],"(FICP)":[88],"feature":[89],"analysis,":[90],"improving":[91],"identification":[93],"of":[94],"unique":[95],"frame":[96,129],"movement":[97],"patterns.":[98],"Bi-directional":[100],"Support":[101],"Vector":[102],"Machine-based":[103],"Pyramid":[104],"(BSVM-PN)":[106],"then":[108],"applied":[109],"classify":[111],"enhanced":[115],"precision,":[116],"leveraging":[117],"multi-layer":[119],"architecture":[120],"processes":[122],"bidirectionally":[125],"account":[127],"variations":[130],"time.":[132],"This":[133],"approach":[134],"reduces":[135],"positives":[137],"increases":[139],"speed,":[141],"making":[142],"it":[143],"highly":[144],"suitable":[145],"across":[150],"diverse":[151],"environments.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
