{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414214035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092091","title":"Granular Insights on Innate and Intrinsic Immunity to Flaviviruses","display_name":"Granular Insights on Innate and Intrinsic Immunity to Flaviviruses","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414214035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092091","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41011423","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12472450"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/microorganisms13092091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092091","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092091","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/9/2091/pdf?version=1757584268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222090","display_name":"Microorganisms","issn_l":"2076-2607","issn":["2076-2607"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microorganisms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/9/2091/pdf?version=1757584268","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095943562","display_name":"Janine Hvizdos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0054-8671","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0054-8671"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125275712","display_name":"Trudeau Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04r83e717","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125275712"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janine Hvizdos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0054-8671","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125275712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052383237","display_name":"Alex C. Hofler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-0984","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-0984"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125275712","display_name":"Trudeau Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04r83e717","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125275712"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex C. Hofler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125275712"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075582922","display_name":"Shelton S. Bradrick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1566-9797","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1566-9797"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125275712","display_name":"Trudeau Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04r83e717","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125275712"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shelton S. Bradrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125275712"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075582922"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125275712"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"9","first_page":"2091","last_page":"2091"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10166","display_name":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","score":0.73580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10166","display_name":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","score":0.73580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11668","display_name":"interferon and immune responses","score":0.12210000306367874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11150","display_name":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease","score":0.013500000350177288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-granules","display_name":"stress granules","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flaviviridae","display_name":"Flaviviridae","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zika-virus","display_name":"Zika virus","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flavivirus","display_name":"flavivirus","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-immunity","display_name":"innate immunity","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrinsic-immunity","display_name":"intrinsic immunity","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiviral-signaling","display_name":"antiviral signaling","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-virus-coevolution","display_name":"host-virus coevolution","score":0.5450000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6071000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117838200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14592582","display_name":"Stress granule","level":5,"score":0.5680999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779341262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182581","display_name":"Immunity","level":3,"score":0.49709999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.4401000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67705224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053","display_name":"RNA","level":3,"score":0.399399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.392300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3695000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126831891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Host (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779174946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q751911","display_name":"RNA virus","level":4,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780568436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165479","display_name":"Flavivirus","level":3,"score":0.28619998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78604142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640582","display_name":"Fight-or-flight response","level":3,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171279029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5128320","display_name":"Classical complement pathway","level":4,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777053367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202864","display_name":"Zika virus","level":3,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994541485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral infection","level":3,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/microorganisms13092091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092091","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092091","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/9/2091/pdf?version=1757584268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222090","display_name":"Microorganisms","issn_l":"2076-2607","issn":["2076-2607"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microorganisms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11281210","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12472450","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:41011423","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41011423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microorganisms","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12472450","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12472450/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microorganisms","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3bd6893f940e4e8cb87e1dab8490f3c9","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3bd6893f940e4e8cb87e1dab8490f3c9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Microorganisms, Vol 13, Iss 9, p 2091 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/microorganisms13092091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092091","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092091","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/9/2091/pdf?version=1757584268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222090","display_name":"Microorganisms","issn_l":"2076-2607","issn":["2076-2607"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microorganisms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317720","display_name":"Trudeau Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04r83e717"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414214035.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414214035.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":104,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W520469","https://openalex.org/W1529530721","https://openalex.org/W1914838920","https://openalex.org/W1987480613","https://openalex.org/W1990584803","https://openalex.org/W1991436313","https://openalex.org/W1991999080","https://openalex.org/W1994354351","https://openalex.org/W1998581442","https://openalex.org/W2002461129","https://openalex.org/W2004739896","https://openalex.org/W2005928242","https://openalex.org/W2008075099","https://openalex.org/W2008089898","https://openalex.org/W2012390132","https://openalex.org/W2012718182","https://openalex.org/W2020962585","https://openalex.org/W2020969008","https://openalex.org/W2021199098","https://openalex.org/W2039086039","https://openalex.org/W2040640278","https://openalex.org/W2044757050","https://openalex.org/W2049311171","https://openalex.org/W2050892823","https://openalex.org/W2065148518","https://openalex.org/W2065843293","https://openalex.org/W2066107559","https://openalex.org/W2073256630","https://openalex.org/W2075107227","https://openalex.org/W2086816308","https://openalex.org/W2088967588","https://openalex.org/W2090811548","https://openalex.org/W2100277907","https://openalex.org/W2101363646","https://openalex.org/W2108736984","https://openalex.org/W2113290624","https://openalex.org/W2116592258","https://openalex.org/W2120434672","https://openalex.org/W2138267133","https://openalex.org/W2139529165","https://openalex.org/W2143069387","https://openalex.org/W2157820817","https://openalex.org/W2158264786","https://openalex.org/W2164180007","https://openalex.org/W2166343003","https://openalex.org/W2170598671","https://openalex.org/W2171500588","https://openalex.org/W2188675745","https://openalex.org/W2259288646","https://openalex.org/W2332149111","https://openalex.org/W2416403255","https://openalex.org/W2515305272","https://openalex.org/W2518959324","https://openalex.org/W2570973103","https://openalex.org/W2592368235","https://openalex.org/W2596617684","https://openalex.org/W2606591457","https://openalex.org/W2623079358","https://openalex.org/W2623709996","https://openalex.org/W2736269273","https://openalex.org/W2755048196","https://openalex.org/W2759609596","https://openalex.org/W2765486298","https://openalex.org/W2767613320","https://openalex.org/W2784401093","https://openalex.org/W2792650153","https://openalex.org/W2802219035","https://openalex.org/W2809836824","https://openalex.org/W2890013528","https://openalex.org/W2902929894","https://openalex.org/W2917703782","https://openalex.org/W2939776888","https://openalex.org/W2949826307","https://openalex.org/W2959449984","https://openalex.org/W2980567099","https://openalex.org/W2995218882","https://openalex.org/W2997447385","https://openalex.org/W3000736974","https://openalex.org/W3016592635","https://openalex.org/W3019679086","https://openalex.org/W3081630267","https://openalex.org/W3082507119","https://openalex.org/W3089848576","https://openalex.org/W3133761944","https://openalex.org/W3177828909","https://openalex.org/W3211795435","https://openalex.org/W4237291129","https://openalex.org/W4243584933","https://openalex.org/W4283159995","https://openalex.org/W4290725198","https://openalex.org/W4295359186","https://openalex.org/W4306728652","https://openalex.org/W4317870345","https://openalex.org/W4323350088","https://openalex.org/W4362716168","https://openalex.org/W4388900960","https://openalex.org/W4389163513","https://openalex.org/W4391418252","https://openalex.org/W4392859090","https://openalex.org/W4394623081","https://openalex.org/W4394749867","https://openalex.org/W4398761308","https://openalex.org/W4399996544","https://openalex.org/W4400070579"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2949826307","https://openalex.org/W2515305272","https://openalex.org/W2944643689","https://openalex.org/W2623709996","https://openalex.org/W2736269273","https://openalex.org/W1991436313","https://openalex.org/W3083189505","https://openalex.org/W4411499328","https://openalex.org/W2040721528","https://openalex.org/W2646467224"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Interaction":[0],"between":[1],"pathogenic":[2],"human":[3],"RNA":[4],"viruses":[5,18],"and":[6,25,35,42],"host":[7],"stress":[8,23,80],"granules":[9,24,51,81],"is":[10,45],"an":[11],"active":[12],"area":[13],"of":[14,90,107],"research.":[15],"Understanding":[16],"how":[17],"manipulate,":[19],"evade,":[20],"and/or":[21],"parasitize":[22],"related":[26],"assemblies":[27],"may":[28],"lead":[29],"to":[30,55,65,104],"novel":[31],"approaches":[32],"for":[33,59],"therapeutic":[34],"vaccine":[36],"development.":[37],"However,":[38],"knowledge":[39],"gaps":[40],"remain,":[41],"the":[43,101,108],"field":[44],"laden":[46],"with":[47,110],"conflicting":[48],"conclusions.":[49],"Stress":[50],"have":[52],"been":[53],"implicated":[54],"serve":[56],"as":[57],"hubs":[58],"antiviral":[60],"signaling":[61],"pathways,":[62],"thereby":[63],"serving":[64],"indirectly":[66],"restrict":[67],"virus":[68],"infection":[69],"through":[70,87],"enhancing":[71],"innate":[72],"immune":[73,95],"responses.":[74],"More":[75],"recent":[76],"evidence":[77],"suggests":[78],"that":[79],"can":[82],"exert":[83],"intrinsic":[84],"anti-viral":[85],"properties":[86],"direct":[88],"sequestration":[89],"viral":[91],"RNAs":[92],"without":[93],"impacting":[94],"signaling.":[96],"Here":[97],"we":[98],"critically":[99],"review":[100],"literature":[102],"relevant":[103],"specific":[105],"members":[106],"Flaviviridae":[109],"particular":[111],"focus":[112],"on":[113],"Zika":[114],"virus.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}