{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414101926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326","title":"AI-Powered S11 Prediction for a Compact 2.4 GHz Patch Antenna","display_name":"AI-Powered S11 Prediction for a Compact 2.4 GHz Patch Antenna","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414101926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326","pdf_url":"https://sciresol.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/IJST/Articles/2025/Issue-33/IJST-2025-1326.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764746358","display_name":"Indian Journal of Science and Technology","issn_l":"0974-5645","issn":["0974-5645","0974-6846"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322615647","host_organization_name":"Indian Society for Education and Environment","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322615647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Indian Society for Education and Environment"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal Of Science And Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://sciresol.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/IJST/Articles/2025/Issue-33/IJST-2025-1326.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073988190","display_name":"Ameni Mersani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5284-6185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5284-6185"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112335","display_name":"\u00c9cole Sup\u00e9rieure Priv\u00e9e d'Ing\u00e9nierie et de Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/021f99908","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112335"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63596082","display_name":"Tunis El Manar University","ror":"https://ror.org/029cgt552","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ameni Mersani","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESPRIT M2M team , ESPRIT School of Engineering , Tunis , Tunisia","University of Tunis El Manar , Faculty of Sciences Tunisia , Microwave Electronics Research Laboratory LR18ES43 , 2092 Tunis , Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESPRIT M2M team , ESPRIT School of Engineering , Tunis , Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112335"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tunis El Manar , Faculty of Sciences Tunisia , Microwave Electronics Research Laboratory LR18ES43 , 2092 Tunis , Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040487119","display_name":"Kawther Mekki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7944-9852","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7944-9852"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088963","display_name":"University of Ha'il","ror":"https://ror.org/013w98a82","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kawther Mekki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering , College of Computer Science and Engineering , University of Ha'il , Ha'il 2440 , Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering , College of Computer Science and Engineering , University of Ha'il , Ha'il 2440 , Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012360312","display_name":"Omran Ncibi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199702508","display_name":"Jouf University","ror":"https://ror.org/02zsyt821","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omran Ncibi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science , College of Arts and Sciences at Tabarjal , Jouf University , Jouf 72388 , Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science , College of Arts and Sciences at Tabarjal , Jouf University , Jouf 72388 , Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073988190"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112335","https://openalex.org/I63596082"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6453,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9071009,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"33","first_page":"2715","last_page":"2728"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.009399999864399433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip-antenna","display_name":"microstrip antenna","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s11","display_name":"S11","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2-4-ghz-band","display_name":"2.4 GHz","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compact-antenna-design","display_name":"compact antenna design","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning-regression","display_name":"machine learning regression","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impedance-matching","display_name":"impedance matching","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iot-antennas","display_name":"IoT antennas","score":0.49300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"multilayer perceptron","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xgboost","display_name":"XGBoost","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-miniaturization","display_name":"antenna miniaturization","score":0.609000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196901423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933836","display_name":"Return loss","level":3,"score":0.792900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7476000189781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.567799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.46720001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4555000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4375999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3463999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3456000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159238334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1419428","display_name":"Patch antenna","level":3,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170349913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13402882","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","level":3,"score":0.33180001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.32260000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24574437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7135228","display_name":"Parametric model","level":3,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.3052000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777036283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7307245","display_name":"Reflection loss","level":3,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135252773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567213","display_name":"Inverse problem","level":2,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777115002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7168246","display_name":"Performance prediction","level":2,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326","pdf_url":"https://sciresol.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/IJST/Articles/2025/Issue-33/IJST-2025-1326.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764746358","display_name":"Indian Journal of Science and Technology","issn_l":"0974-5645","issn":["0974-5645","0974-6846"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322615647","host_organization_name":"Indian Society for Education and Environment","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322615647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Indian Society for Education and Environment"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal Of Science And Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:17091375","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v18i33.1326","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 18(33), 2715-2728, (2025-09-08)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v18i33.1326","pdf_url":"https://sciresol.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/IJST/Articles/2025/Issue-33/IJST-2025-1326.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764746358","display_name":"Indian Journal of Science and Technology","issn_l":"0974-5645","issn":["0974-5645","0974-6846"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322615647","host_organization_name":"Indian Society for Education and Environment","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322615647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Indian Society for Education and Environment"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal Of Science And Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.651199996471405}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414101926.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414101926.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4417443730","https://openalex.org/W4376609214","https://openalex.org/W7138932676","https://openalex.org/W4406928763","https://openalex.org/W7213426498","https://openalex.org/W4417053697","https://openalex.org/W4413321909","https://openalex.org/W7143476062","https://openalex.org/W4413819803","https://openalex.org/W7117556869"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objectives:":[0],"Designing":[1],"and":[2,61,70,87,99,110,121,123,127,136,169,207,224,248,282,295,307],"optimizing":[3],"a":[4,151,246,304],"compact":[5],"2.4":[6],"GHz":[7,149],"patch":[8,167],"antenna":[9,39,141,252,275,312],"through":[10,201],"AI-based":[11],"models":[12,54,112],"in":[13,23],"predicting":[14],"return":[15,152,182],"loss":[16,153,183],"(S11)":[17],"for":[18,63,84,130,145,235,310,314],"facilitating":[19],"effective":[20],"performance":[21,85],"estimation":[22],"IoT":[24,238,315,326],"applications.":[25,316],"Methods:":[26],"Parametric":[27],"analysis":[28,165],"was":[29,47,143],"performed":[30,113],"to":[31,78,105,216,227,251,259],"evaluate":[32],"the":[33,80,190,202,225,285],"effects":[34],"of":[35,44,119,125,154,192,204,242],"slot/feed":[36],"dimensions":[37],"on":[38,185,211,271],"performance.":[40],"A":[41],"bespoke":[42],"dataset":[43],"55,053":[45],"samples":[46],"created":[48],"via":[49],"CST":[50],"simulations.":[51],"Various":[52],"regression":[53,294],"(e.g.,":[55],"XGBoost,":[56,301],"KNN,":[57],"MLP)":[58],"were":[59,76],"trained":[60],"compared":[62,104],"S11":[64,138],"prediction.":[65],"Data":[66],"preprocessing,":[67],"train/test":[68],"splitting,":[69],"statistical":[71],"metrics":[72],"(MAE,":[73],"RMSE,":[74],"R2)":[75],"utilized":[77],"determine":[79],"most":[81,173],"accurate":[82],"model":[83],"prediction":[86,101,287],"inverse":[88,230,311],"optimization.":[89],"Findings:":[90],"The":[91,176,240,277],"suggested":[92],"AI-enhanced":[93],"method":[94],"greatly":[95],"curtailed":[96],"design":[97,142,313],"time":[98],"enhanced":[100],"accuracy":[102,288],"as":[103,172,300],"conventional":[106],"parametric":[107],"sweeps.":[108],"KNN":[109,281],"MLP":[111,283],"better":[114],"than":[115,156],"XGBoost":[116],"with":[117,150],"RMSE":[118],"0.42":[120],"0.51,":[122],"R2":[124],"0.9866":[126],"0.9803":[128],"respectively,":[129],"maintaining":[131],"high":[132],"correlation":[133,177],"between":[134],"predicted":[135],"simulated":[137,274],"values.":[139],"Final":[140],"achieved":[144,284],"resonance":[146],"at":[147],"2.45":[148],"less":[155],"-":[157],"40":[158],"dB,":[159],"showing":[160],"perfect":[161],"impedance":[162],"matching.":[163],"Sensitivity":[164],"revealed":[166],"width":[168],"feed":[170],"length":[171],"dominant":[174],"features.":[175],"matrix":[178],"pointed":[179],"out":[180,229],"that":[181,280],"relies":[184],"complicated":[186],"nonlinear":[187],"relationships,":[188],"validating":[189],"application":[191],"AI":[193,243],"models.":[194],"These":[195],"findings":[196,200],"vary":[197],"from":[198],"typical":[199],"provision":[203],"an":[205],"interpretable":[206],"efficient":[208,308],"solution":[209],"based":[210],"machine":[212],"learning.":[213],"In":[214],"comparison":[215],"previous":[217,256],"research,":[218],"our":[219],"methodology":[220],"ensures":[221],"quicker":[222],"optimization":[223],"capability":[226],"carry":[228],"design,":[231],"rendering":[232],"it":[233,303],"suitable":[234],"time-critical,":[236],"miniaturized":[237],"devices.":[239],"amalgamation":[241],"hence":[244],"presents":[245],"scalable":[247,306],"precise":[249],"avenue":[250],"engineering.":[253],"Novelty:":[254],"Unlike":[255],"studies":[257],"limited":[258],"small":[260],"datasets":[261],"or":[262],"single":[263],"algorithms,":[264],"this":[265],"work":[266],"benchmarks":[267],"six":[268],"ML":[269],"algorithms":[270],"over":[272],"55,000":[273],"samples.":[276],"results":[278],"show":[279],"highest":[286],"(R2":[289],">":[290],"0.98),":[291],"outperforming":[292],"traditional":[293],"advanced":[296],"ensemble":[297],"methods":[298],"such":[299],"making":[302],"highly":[305],"tool":[309],"Keywords:":[317],"Patch":[318],"Antenna,":[319],"Return":[320],"Loss":[321],"Prediction,":[322],"Machine":[323],"Learning,":[324],"IA,":[325],"Applications":[327]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}