{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414101903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","title":"Parkinson\u2019s Disease and the Gut Microbiota: Mechanistic Insights and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches","display_name":"Parkinson\u2019s Disease and the Gut Microbiota: Mechanistic Insights and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414101903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764586180","display_name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","issn_l":"2249-9571","issn":["2249-9571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237698","host_organization_name":"Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Afra Wasama Islam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7848551","display_name":"Tbilisi State Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/020jbrt22","country_code":"GE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}],"countries":["GE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afra Wasama Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119583861","display_name":"Anusaya Sadanand Gawai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7848551","display_name":"Tbilisi State Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/020jbrt22","country_code":"GE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}],"countries":["GE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anusaya Sadanand Gawai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119583862","display_name":"Arifa Akthar Niha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1447-2902","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1447-2902"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7848551","display_name":"Tbilisi State Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/020jbrt22","country_code":"GE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}],"countries":["GE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arifa Akthar Niha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063307124","display_name":"Johora Akter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2821-4420","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2821-4420"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7848551","display_name":"Tbilisi State Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/020jbrt22","country_code":"GE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}],"countries":["GE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johora Akter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26387121,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"9","first_page":"140","last_page":"155"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9648000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9648000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10066","display_name":"Gut microbiota and health","score":0.03420000150799751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10365","display_name":"Gastrointestinal motility and disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-microbiota","display_name":"gut microbiota","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-dysbiosis","display_name":"gut dysbiosis","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-brain-axis","display_name":"gut-brain axis","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/short-chain-fatty-acids","display_name":"short-chain fatty acids","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intestinal-permeability","display_name":"intestinal permeability","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrointestinal-dysfunction","display_name":"gastrointestinal dysfunction","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-synuclein","display_name":"alpha-synuclein","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lewy-bodies","display_name":"Lewy bodies","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ketogenic-diet","display_name":"ketogenic diet","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/omega-3-fatty-acids","display_name":"omega-3 fatty acids","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamins","display_name":"vitamins","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fecal-microbiota-transplantation","display_name":"fecal microbiota transplantation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probiotics","display_name":"probiotics","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-therapy","display_name":"gene therapy","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopaminergic-neuron-degeneration","display_name":"dopaminergic neuron loss","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-therapy","display_name":"dietary therapy","score":0.6330000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.8170999884605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777165150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269334","display_name":"Dysbiosis","level":3,"score":0.6782000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539455810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739734","display_name":"Gut flora","level":2,"score":0.6772000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781071285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141320","display_name":"Intestinal permeability","level":2,"score":0.5838000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143121216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330402","display_name":"Microbiome","level":2,"score":0.5512999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780938664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753278","display_name":"Substantia nigra","level":4,"score":0.4973999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019978661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739734","display_name":"Gut microbiome","level":3,"score":0.4684999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777439022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586582","display_name":"Enteric nervous system","level":2,"score":0.4587000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177857423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17077315","display_name":"Gut\u2013brain axis","level":3,"score":0.41429999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.40880000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137183658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461076","display_name":"Dopaminergic","level":3,"score":0.38179999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019468659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7988517","display_name":"Western diet","level":3,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778260677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917447","display_name":"Inflammatory bowel disease","level":3,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.296099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018605307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200779","display_name":"Complex disease","level":3,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778587478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070684","display_name":"Ketogenic diet","level":3,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764586180","display_name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","issn_l":"2249-9571","issn":["2249-9571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237698","host_organization_name":"Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250918","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764586180","display_name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","issn_l":"2249-9571","issn":["2249-9571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237698","host_organization_name":"Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414101903.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414101903.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4389568370","https://openalex.org/W3134596587","https://openalex.org/W3216329096","https://openalex.org/W2416973532","https://openalex.org/W3116665257","https://openalex.org/W2111650087","https://openalex.org/W1995085194"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Parkinson's":[0,115,142],"Disease":[1],"(PD)":[2],"is":[3,37],"a":[4,94,145,204],"neurodegenerative":[5],"disorder":[6],"that":[7,121],"affects":[8,30],"around":[9],"14":[10],"per":[11],"100,000":[12],"people":[13],"each":[14],"year,":[15],"making":[16],"it":[17],"the":[18,24,48,54,58,67,97,106,134,148,165,201],"second":[19],"most":[20],"frequent":[21],"disease":[22,46,116,129,160,224],"among":[23],"elderly":[25],"behind":[26],"Alzheimer's.":[27],"It":[28,73,162],"primarily":[29],"males":[31],"aged":[32],"55":[33],"to":[34,39,207,218],"65":[35],"and":[36,57,69,77,83,89,100,112,141,155,192,215,221],"projected":[38],"double":[40],"in":[41,53,66,96,114,123,174],"prevalence":[42],"by":[43],"2050.":[44],"The":[45],"causes":[47,74],"loss":[49],"of":[50,60,108,150,167,203],"dopaminergic":[51],"neurons":[52],"substantia":[55],"nigra":[56],"formation":[59],"\u03b1-synuclein":[61],"aggregates,":[62],"including":[63,80],"Lewy":[64],"bodies,":[65],"central":[68],"enteric":[70],"nervous":[71],"systems.":[72],"both":[75],"motor":[76],"non-motor":[78],"symptoms,":[79],"rigidity,":[81],"bradykinesia,":[82],"tremors.":[84],"Environmental":[85],"pollutants,":[86],"genetic":[87],"predispositions,":[88],"dietary":[90,168],"factors":[91],"all":[92],"play":[93],"role":[95,107],"disease's":[98],"onset":[99],"course.":[101],"Emerging":[102],"studies":[103],"focus":[104,146],"on":[105,147,159],"gut":[109,137,230,232],"microbiota":[110,188,238],"imbalances":[111],"dysbiosis":[113],"progression,":[117],"with":[118,144],"data":[119],"suggesting":[120],"changes":[122],"gut-brain":[124],"axis":[125],"communication":[126],"may":[127],"worsen":[128],"symptoms.":[130,177],"This":[131,198],"review":[132,199],"analyses":[133],"relationship":[135],"between":[136],"microbiota,":[138,231],"gastrointestinal":[139],"dysfunction,":[140],"disease,":[143],"effects":[149],"reduced":[151],"short-chain":[152],"fatty":[153,184],"acids":[154],"increased":[156],"intestinal":[157],"permeability":[158],"pathology.":[161],"also":[163],"explores":[164],"possibilities":[166],"therapies,":[169],"such":[170,181],"as":[171,182],"ketogenic":[172],"diets,":[173],"controlling":[175],"Parkinson\u2019s":[176,228],"Recent":[178],"therapeutic":[179],"innovations,":[180],"omega-3":[183],"acids,":[185],"vitamins,":[186],"fecal":[187,237],"transplantation,":[189],"gene":[190],"therapy,":[191,234],"probiotics,":[193],"present":[194],"intriguing":[195],"treatment":[196],"options.":[197],"emphasizes":[200],"significance":[202],"comprehensive":[205],"approach":[206],"management,":[208],"which":[209],"includes":[210],"innovative":[211],"medications,":[212],"lifestyle":[213],"intervention,":[214],"nutritional":[216],"measures":[217],"enhance":[219],"prognosis":[220],"perhaps":[222],"alter":[223],"progression.":[225],"Key":[226],"words:":[227],"Disease,":[229],"microbiome":[233],"alpha-synuclein,":[235],"treatment,":[236],"transplantation":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-11T09:32:39.932853","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
