{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414038140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","title":"Flexible and stable cycle-by-cycle phase-locked deep brain stimulation system targeting brain oscillations in the management of movement disorders","display_name":"Flexible and stable cycle-by-cycle phase-locked deep brain stimulation system targeting brain oscillations in the management of movement disorders","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414038140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40921295"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177350161","display_name":"Brain stimulation","issn_l":"1876-4754","issn":["1876-4754","1935-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain Stimulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087932619","display_name":"Xuanjun Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2528-484X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2528-484X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273316","display_name":"Frontiers Center for Brain Science of the Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8v1c41","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273316"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuanjun Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2528-484X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304","https://openalex.org/I4405273316"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006008581","display_name":"Alek H. Pogosyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4791-8153","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4791-8153"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alek Pogosyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050557758","display_name":"Jean Debarros","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Debarros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007288355","display_name":"Shenghong He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5269-1902","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5269-1902"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shenghong He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5269-1902","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047083968","display_name":"Laura Wehmeyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0280-6756","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0280-6756"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Wehmeyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106637993","display_name":"Fernando Rodriguez Plazas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6164-3265","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6164-3265"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Rodriguez Plazas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102833463","display_name":"Karen Wendt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7906-4995","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7906-4995"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90344618","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Wendt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7906-4995","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049224082","display_name":"Zixiao Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7088-8031","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7088-8031"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183519381","display_name":"Capital Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087691","display_name":"Beijing Tian Tan Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/003regz62","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087691"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixiao Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381","https://openalex.org/I4210087691"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065002310","display_name":"Ahmed Raslan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9551-3612","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9551-3612"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Raslan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Thomas Hart","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1310053265","display_name":"St George's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0001ke483","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1310053265","https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","display_name":"St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/040f08y74","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801196673","display_name":"St George\u2019s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/039zedc16","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Hart","raw_affiliation_strings":["City St George's, University of London & St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Neuroscience & Cell Biology Research Institute, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City St George's, University of London & St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Neuroscience & Cell Biology Research Institute, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1310053265","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054250413","display_name":"Francesca Morgante","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-3639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-3639"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1310053265","display_name":"St George's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0001ke483","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1310053265","https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","display_name":"St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/040f08y74","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801196673","display_name":"St George\u2019s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/039zedc16","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Morgante","raw_affiliation_strings":["City St George's, University of London & St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Neuroscience & Cell Biology Research Institute, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City St George's, University of London & St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Neuroscience & Cell Biology Research Institute, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1310053265","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031652451","display_name":"Timothy Denison","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5404-4004","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5404-4004"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90344618","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Denison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010068085","display_name":"Erlick A C Pereira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-4023","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-4023"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1310053265","display_name":"St George's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0001ke483","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1310053265","https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","display_name":"St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/040f08y74","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801196673","display_name":"St George\u2019s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/039zedc16","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erlick A. Pereira","raw_affiliation_strings":["City St George's, University of London & St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Neuroscience & Cell Biology Research Institute, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-4023","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City St George's, University of London & St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Neuroscience & Cell Biology Research Institute, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1310053265","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113965941","display_name":"Keyoumars Ashkan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5635-7434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5635-7434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keyoumars Ashkan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025802135","display_name":"Shouyan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9776-8539","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9776-8539"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273316","display_name":"Frontiers Center for Brain Science of the Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8v1c41","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273316"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shouyan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4405273316"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007188665","display_name":"Huiling Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8038-3029","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8038-3029","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-8425"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huiling Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: huiling.tan@ndcn.ox.ac.uk"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8038-3029","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: huiling.tan@ndcn.ox.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007188665"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"],"apc_list":{"value":4430,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4430},"apc_paid":{"value":4430,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4430},"fwci":3.3462,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93022031,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"5","first_page":"1705","last_page":"1717"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11123","display_name":"Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-oscillations","display_name":"neural oscillations","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/movement-disorders","display_name":"movement disorders","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subthalamic-nucleus","display_name":"subthalamic nucleus","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-oscillations","display_name":"beta oscillations","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bradykinesia","display_name":"bradykinesia","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finger-tapping","display_name":"finger tapping","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-field-potentials","display_name":"local field potentials","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evoked-potentials","display_name":"evoked potentials","score":0.5509999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778542668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618076","display_name":"Deep brain stimulation","level":4,"score":0.7094122767448425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.662804126739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985799443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955838","display_name":"Brain stimulation","level":3,"score":0.5399020314216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.5077741742134094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778261627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2608695","display_name":"Movement disorders","level":3,"score":0.49472543597221375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929848","display_name":"Movement (music)","level":2,"score":0.45870646834373474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.23616892099380493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.23334071040153503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1487198770046234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.05596837401390076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001611","descriptor_name":"Beta Rhythm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009069","descriptor_name":"Movement Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009069","descriptor_name":"Movement Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020531","descriptor_name":"Subthalamic Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020531","descriptor_name":"Subthalamic Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D046690","descriptor_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D046690","descriptor_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177350161","display_name":"Brain stimulation","issn_l":"1876-4754","issn":["1876-4754","1935-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain Stimulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1101/2025.04.16.25325658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.04.16.25325658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.04.16.25325658","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/04/19/2025.04.16.25325658.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:40921295","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40921295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain stimulation","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.sgul.ac.uk:117905","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/117905/1/1-s2.0-S1935861X25003213-mmc1.docx","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400552","display_name":"St George's Online Research Archive (St George's University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","host_organization_name":"St George's, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9a51fb0a128b4ab5b30365d0b8e51a66","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9a51fb0a128b4ab5b30365d0b8e51a66","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Brain Stimulation, Vol 18, Iss 5, Pp 1705-1717 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177350161","display_name":"Brain stimulation","issn_l":"1876-4754","issn":["1876-4754","1935-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain Stimulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1571217472","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202306100220","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1743271461","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFF1200600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3111806108","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82201400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G433646583","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022TQ0071","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G443680453","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022ZD0205300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5693685620","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFC2405100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7791465944","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022ZD0205300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7997935339","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021ZD0200407","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8430773317","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021ZD0200407","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8636719386","display_name":"Interfacing with the brain for therapy","funder_award_id":"MC_UU_00003/2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8698501489","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IES\\\\R3\\\\213123","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320199","funder_display_name":"Guarantors of Brain"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F2716835920","display_name":"Sino-British Fellowship Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/013nz5p78"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320199","display_name":"Guarantors of Brain","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkj2889"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335774","display_name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335960","display_name":"National Major Science and Technology Projects of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414038140.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414038140.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1872235122","https://openalex.org/W1973275441","https://openalex.org/W1975465422","https://openalex.org/W1982919432","https://openalex.org/W2016831903","https://openalex.org/W2038591487","https://openalex.org/W2107247691","https://openalex.org/W2142875089","https://openalex.org/W2146338963","https://openalex.org/W2163016920","https://openalex.org/W2166890181","https://openalex.org/W2169791062","https://openalex.org/W2172607168","https://openalex.org/W2470901602","https://openalex.org/W2525272915","https://openalex.org/W2613338979","https://openalex.org/W2725153312","https://openalex.org/W2790961768","https://openalex.org/W2802450380","https://openalex.org/W2809037332","https://openalex.org/W2885584851","https://openalex.org/W2886040293","https://openalex.org/W2902311118","https://openalex.org/W2920162174","https://openalex.org/W2944712042","https://openalex.org/W2951277489","https://openalex.org/W2951277728","https://openalex.org/W2952200157","https://openalex.org/W2974100836","https://openalex.org/W2981919484","https://openalex.org/W2988735788","https://openalex.org/W2990903842","https://openalex.org/W3005402525","https://openalex.org/W3007482991","https://openalex.org/W3012410602","https://openalex.org/W3034793066","https://openalex.org/W3034889226","https://openalex.org/W3042523037","https://openalex.org/W3082780322","https://openalex.org/W3091862623","https://openalex.org/W3094104683","https://openalex.org/W3120559597","https://openalex.org/W3137381974","https://openalex.org/W3164202249","https://openalex.org/W3165029286","https://openalex.org/W3168117650","https://openalex.org/W3201182526","https://openalex.org/W3201549300","https://openalex.org/W3202706149","https://openalex.org/W3204638600","https://openalex.org/W3216578538","https://openalex.org/W3217346965","https://openalex.org/W4213218918","https://openalex.org/W4225511358","https://openalex.org/W4239578586","https://openalex.org/W4283271550","https://openalex.org/W4288969999","https://openalex.org/W4291819193","https://openalex.org/W4308514378","https://openalex.org/W4311255680","https://openalex.org/W4312114477","https://openalex.org/W4317821209","https://openalex.org/W4322719700","https://openalex.org/W4375855765","https://openalex.org/W4376113825","https://openalex.org/W4385836886","https://openalex.org/W4387500195","https://openalex.org/W4387611363","https://openalex.org/W4388019593","https://openalex.org/W4390120532","https://openalex.org/W4391854851","https://openalex.org/W4394720016","https://openalex.org/W4400494007"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3026901239","https://openalex.org/W4416961788","https://openalex.org/W3137381974","https://openalex.org/W7168238294","https://openalex.org/W2044750331","https://openalex.org/W7115884194","https://openalex.org/W2898645603","https://openalex.org/W2266132748","https://openalex.org/W2902311118","https://openalex.org/W7220981715"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Phase-locked":[2],"neuromodulation":[3],"aligns":[4],"electrical":[5],"or":[6,44],"magnetic":[7],"stimulation":[8,43,71,79,187,250],"with":[9,84,142,275],"the":[10,124,151,159,162,194,295,300,310],"brain\u2019s":[11],"natural":[12],"rhythms,":[13],"showing":[14],"promising":[15],"potential":[16,90,252],"to":[17,217,306],"enhance":[18],"therapeutic":[19],"outcomes":[20],"by":[21],"more":[22],"precisely":[23],"modulating":[24,92],"specific":[25],"neural":[26,118],"oscillations.":[27,119],"However,":[28,235],"stimulation-induced":[29],"artifacts":[30],"critically":[31],"compromise":[32],"real-time":[33,125],"phase":[34,147,196],"estimation":[35,51],"accuracy.":[36],"Existing":[37],"approaches":[38],"either":[39],"suspend":[40],"phase-tracking":[41,129],"following":[42],"employ":[45],"dedicated":[46],"hardware":[47],"systems":[48],"yet":[49],"introduce":[50],"instability":[52],"through":[53],"temporal":[54],"gaps":[55],"and":[56,62,66,104,109,172,202,258,269,278,302,315],"signal":[57],"distortion.":[58],"Objective":[59],"We":[60,156],"develop":[61],"evaluate":[63],"a":[64,105,135,189,218,267,279],"flexible":[65,268],"stable":[67,270],"phase-locked":[68],"deep":[69],"brain":[70,82],"(PLDBS)":[72],"system":[73,97,140,180],"capable":[74],"of":[75,117,127,161,232,255],"delivering":[76,186],"cycle-by-cycle":[77,153],"phase-aligned":[78],"based":[80],"on":[81,88],"oscillations,":[83],"an":[85,237],"additional":[86],"focus":[87],"its":[89],"for":[91,145,164,197,272,312,318],"movement.":[93],"Methods":[94],"The":[95,120],"PLDBS":[96,154,165,274,287],"was":[98,239],"implemented":[99],"using":[100],"portable":[101],"CE-marked":[102,276],"devices":[103,277],"computer-in-the-loop":[106],"framework.":[107],"Simulations":[108],"clinical":[110,316],"experiments":[111],"were":[112],"performed":[113],"targeting":[114,169],"distinct":[115],"phases":[116,215,292],"simulation":[121],"framework":[122],"evaluated":[123,158],"performance":[126,160],"different":[128,212,289],"methodologies":[130],"considering":[131],"artifacts,":[132],"ultimately":[133],"establishing":[134],"Kalman":[136],"filter-based":[137],"artifact":[138],"removal":[139],"integrated":[141],"non-resonant":[143],"oscillators":[144],"instantaneous":[146],"estimation,":[148],"thereby":[149],"defining":[150],"final":[152],"architecture.":[155],"then":[157],"pipeline":[163,271],"in":[166,185,221,224,229,242,245,260,299],"human":[167],"patients":[168],"cortical":[170,203,243],"alpha":[171,204,244],"subthalamic":[173],"nucleus":[174],"(STN)":[175],"beta":[176,199,214,291],"rhythms.":[177],"Results":[178],"Our":[179],"achieved":[181],"over":[182],"90%":[183],"accuracy":[184],"within":[188],"90\u00b0and":[190],"45\u00b0window":[191],"centered":[192],"around":[193],"target":[195],"STN":[198,213,225,248,290,301],"(proximal":[200],"recording)":[201],"rhythms":[205],"(distal":[206],"recording),":[207],"respectively.":[208],"Stimulation":[209],"delivered":[210],"at":[211,288],"led":[216],"significant":[219],"difference":[220],"evoked":[222,296],"potentials":[223,228,298],"local":[226],"field":[227],"3":[230],"out":[231],"4":[233],"participants.":[234,247],"such":[236],"effect":[238],"not":[240],"found":[241],"any":[246],"beta-triggered":[249],"showed":[251,285],"phase-dependent":[253],"modulation":[254],"finger-tapping":[256],"velocity":[257],"amplitude":[259],"Parkinson\u2019s":[261],"disease.":[262],"Conclusion":[263],"This":[264],"study":[265],"presents":[266],"precise":[273],"computer-in-the-loop.":[280],"Using":[281],"this":[282],"pipeline,":[283],"we":[284],"that":[286],"differentially":[293],"modulates":[294],"action":[297],"motor":[303],"behavior":[304],"used":[305],"quantify":[307],"bradykinesia,":[308],"paving":[309],"way":[311],"further":[313],"studies":[314],"trials":[317],"PLDBS.":[319]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
