{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414026331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486025.2025.2554222","title":"Geotechnical characteristics and strengthening mechanism of crushed micaceous sand stabilised with xanthan gum biopolymer as potential subgrade","display_name":"Geotechnical characteristics and strengthening mechanism of crushed micaceous sand stabilised with xanthan gum biopolymer as potential subgrade","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414026331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486025.2025.2554222"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/17486025.2025.2554222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486025.2025.2554222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486025.2025.2554222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74978649","display_name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","issn_l":"1748-6025","issn":["1748-6025","1748-6033"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015851691","display_name":"S. Anjali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3792-4237","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3792-4237"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114845381","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Calicut","ror":"https://ror.org/03yyd7552","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Anjali","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology Calicut"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology Calicut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002969610","display_name":"P. Seethalakshmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8708-1828","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8708-1828"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114845381","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Calicut","ror":"https://ror.org/03yyd7552","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Seethalakshmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology Calicut"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology Calicut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015851691"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17284222,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"20","last_page":"47"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12247","display_name":"Microbial Applications in Construction Materials","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13596","display_name":"Grouting, Rheology, and Soil Mechanics","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xanthan-gum","display_name":"xanthan gum","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biopolymer-soil-stabilization","display_name":"biopolymer soil stabilization","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-crushing","display_name":"particle crushing","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subgrade-improvement","display_name":"subgrade improvement","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-strength","display_name":"shear strength","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressibility","display_name":"compressibility","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclic-loading","display_name":"cyclic loading","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/california-bearing-ratio","display_name":"California bearing ratio","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilient-modulus","display_name":"resilient modulus","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curing-time","display_name":"curing time","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-bonding","display_name":"particle bonding","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohesion-and-internal-friction-angle","display_name":"cohesion and friction angle","score":0.5450000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182377489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337829","display_name":"Subgrade","level":2,"score":0.8460951447486877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780100132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410768","display_name":"Xanthan gum","level":3,"score":0.8296083211898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778636629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422649","display_name":"Biopolymer","level":3,"score":0.7899898290634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6998012065887451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.42293262481689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3983212113380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.37415826320648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.22823244333267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.10579454898834229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200990466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271707","display_name":"Rheology","level":2,"score":0.05719256401062012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/17486025.2025.2554222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486025.2025.2554222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486025.2025.2554222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74978649","display_name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","issn_l":"1748-6025","issn":["1748-6025","1748-6033"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5378999710083008}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48117082","https://openalex.org/W567221449","https://openalex.org/W1973823655","https://openalex.org/W1975771159","https://openalex.org/W2003817930","https://openalex.org/W2045542360","https://openalex.org/W2055836363","https://openalex.org/W2073685424","https://openalex.org/W2076957916","https://openalex.org/W2136819141","https://openalex.org/W2145932603","https://openalex.org/W2165589440","https://openalex.org/W2267114923","https://openalex.org/W2344599691","https://openalex.org/W2347089264","https://openalex.org/W2729417485","https://openalex.org/W2769775044","https://openalex.org/W2793898767","https://openalex.org/W2895872291","https://openalex.org/W2896930342","https://openalex.org/W2897403770","https://openalex.org/W2924494672","https://openalex.org/W2972608937","https://openalex.org/W2999694065","https://openalex.org/W3028457765","https://openalex.org/W3095814360","https://openalex.org/W3133212702","https://openalex.org/W3136160463","https://openalex.org/W3191378666","https://openalex.org/W4283464602","https://openalex.org/W4283708469","https://openalex.org/W4292265698","https://openalex.org/W4319084075","https://openalex.org/W4362731608","https://openalex.org/W4366263031","https://openalex.org/W4377104866","https://openalex.org/W4385469408","https://openalex.org/W4386306724","https://openalex.org/W4389011174","https://openalex.org/W4393259713","https://openalex.org/W4400886057","https://openalex.org/W4404996047","https://openalex.org/W4405444533","https://openalex.org/W4410894306"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414202117","https://openalex.org/W7117135311","https://openalex.org/W7212042039","https://openalex.org/W4407695380","https://openalex.org/W4399433122","https://openalex.org/W3122022482","https://openalex.org/W2724819196","https://openalex.org/W4415552619","https://openalex.org/W7133782353","https://openalex.org/W4413840440"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Micaceous":[0],"sand":[1,34,59,197],"exhibits":[2],"problematic":[3],"geotechnical":[4],"behaviour":[5],"characterised":[6],"by":[7,65,98,106,114,137,141,146],"high":[8],"compressibility,":[9],"low":[10],"shear":[11,90],"strength,":[12],"and":[13,49,68,73,100,119,134,143,151,169,201],"progressive":[14],"particle":[15,40,80,167],"degradation":[16],"under":[17,76,199],"repeated":[18],"loading.":[19,203],"This":[20],"study":[21],"evaluated":[22],"the":[23,89,101,115,125,158,175,190],"efficacy":[24],"of":[25,39,79,92,160],"xanthan":[26,63,86,182],"gum,":[27],"a":[28,161],"natural":[29],"biopolymer,":[30],"in":[31],"stabilising":[32],"micaceous":[33,58,93,196],"subjected":[35],"to":[36],"varying":[37,77],"degrees":[38,78],"crushing.":[41,81],"Laboratory":[42],"experiments,":[43],"including":[44],"one-dimensional":[45],"consolidation,":[46],"direct":[47],"shear,":[48],"cyclic":[50,123,202],"California":[51],"Bearing":[52],"Ratio":[53],"tests,":[54],"were":[55],"conducted":[56],"on":[57],"treated":[60,126],"with":[61,95,131,165,174,185],"0\u20131.5%":[62],"gum":[64,87,183],"dry":[66],"weight":[67],"cured":[69],"for":[70,194],"1,":[71],"3,":[72],"7":[74],"days,":[75],"The":[82],"results":[83],"demonstrated":[84],"that":[85],"enhanced":[88,149],"strength":[91],"sand,":[94],"cohesion":[96],"increasing":[97,136],"30\u2013113%":[99],"internal":[102],"friction":[103],"angle":[104],"improving":[105],"2\u20139.5%.":[107],"Compressibility":[108],"was":[109],"consistently":[110],"reduced,":[111],"as":[112,189],"reflected":[113],"lower":[116],"void":[117],"ratios":[118],"compression":[120],"indices.":[121],"Under":[122],"loading,":[124],"specimens":[127],"showed":[128],"marked":[129],"improvements,":[130],"axial":[132],"stress":[133],"CBR":[135],"95\u2013386%,":[138],"resilient":[139,144],"deformation":[140,152],"29\u201378%,":[142],"modulus":[145],"17\u2013171%,":[147],"indicating":[148],"load-bearing":[150],"resistance.":[153],"Scanning":[154],"electron":[155],"microscopy":[156],"confirmed":[157],"formation":[159],"dense,":[162],"gel-like":[163],"matrix":[164],"improved":[166],"bonding":[168],"reduced":[170],"pores,":[171],"correlating":[172],"well":[173],"observed":[176],"macro-scale":[177],"mechanical":[178],"improvement.":[179],"A":[180],"1%":[181],"dosage":[184,193],"7-day":[186],"curing":[187],"emerged":[188],"optimal":[191],"sustainable":[192],"enhancing":[195],"performance":[198],"static":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-13T10:08:12.033832","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}