{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413805328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics and driving mechanisms of alpine peatland wetlands in the eastern Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau based on a Vision Transformer model","display_name":"Spatiotemporal dynamics and driving mechanisms of alpine peatland wetlands in the eastern Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau based on a Vision Transformer model","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413805328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194154261","display_name":"Ecological Indicators","issn_l":"1470-160X","issn":["1470-160X","1872-7034"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Indicators","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113375557","display_name":"Tangzhen Qiu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63354593","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tangzhen Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086743179","display_name":"Nan Cong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8297-3751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8297-3751","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1543-6539"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nan Cong","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lei Rong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63354593","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Rong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111013055","display_name":"Gang Qi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63354593","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063793811","display_name":"Lei Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1115-3972","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1115-3972"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63354593","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053175580","display_name":"Ren Ping","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63354593","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010989895","display_name":"Jiangtao Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1373-5829","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1373-5829"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63354593","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiangtao Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1373-5829","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Resources Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010989895","https://openalex.org/A5086743179"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I63354593"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"fwci":0.8505,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7159863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"178","issue":null,"first_page":"114136","last_page":"114136"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13203","display_name":"Environmental Changes in China","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13203","display_name":"Environmental Changes in China","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14359","display_name":"Wetland Management and Conservation","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoige-wetland","display_name":"Zoige wetland","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wetland-area-change","display_name":"wetland area change","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover-change","display_name":"land cover change","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid-migration","display_name":"centroid migration","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"digital elevation model","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"wind speed","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature","display_name":"temperature","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gross-domestic-product","display_name":"gross domestic product","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landsat-imagery","display_name":"Landsat imagery","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wetland-conservation","display_name":"wetland conservation","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wetland-restoration","display_name":"wetland restoration","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eastern-tibetan-plateau","display_name":"eastern Tibetan Plateau","score":0.9089999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53657456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184624","display_name":"Peat","level":2,"score":0.782615602016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67715294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170321","display_name":"Wetland","level":2,"score":0.759345293045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4968575","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6061180830001831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018226390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201294","display_name":"Qinghai lake","level":3,"score":0.5648653507232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5140224695205688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.47819283604621887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777634280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36449705","display_name":"Mire","level":3,"score":0.4395039677619934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.38053885102272034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.33292922377586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.33049482107162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100834320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35666","display_name":"Glacier","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194154261","display_name":"Ecological Indicators","issn_l":"1470-160X","issn":["1470-160X","1872-7034"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Indicators","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fd87b507216c4af292ccc85ba50bff4a","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fd87b507216c4af292ccc85ba50bff4a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Indicators, Vol 178, Iss , Pp 114136- (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194154261","display_name":"Ecological Indicators","issn_l":"1470-160X","issn":["1470-160X","1872-7034"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Indicators","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"},{"score":0.821399986743927,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1994711830","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023NSFSC0191","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329861","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2424098034","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TDSYS202312","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329535","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Normal University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G653429178","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41801185","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7890922905","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023NSFSC1979","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329861","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329535","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329861","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019104299","https://openalex.org/W2021387943","https://openalex.org/W2064882470","https://openalex.org/W2149426509","https://openalex.org/W2339264458","https://openalex.org/W2586169538","https://openalex.org/W2612690371","https://openalex.org/W2735488265","https://openalex.org/W2738342129","https://openalex.org/W2792802470","https://openalex.org/W2943749046","https://openalex.org/W2999930999","https://openalex.org/W3024110832","https://openalex.org/W3081820952","https://openalex.org/W3107288001","https://openalex.org/W3110856481","https://openalex.org/W3119997354","https://openalex.org/W3120166401","https://openalex.org/W3165952434","https://openalex.org/W3171705516","https://openalex.org/W3196824925","https://openalex.org/W3208297162","https://openalex.org/W4210573691","https://openalex.org/W4213253308","https://openalex.org/W4226289601","https://openalex.org/W4282977975","https://openalex.org/W4285187901","https://openalex.org/W4293151878","https://openalex.org/W4297294435","https://openalex.org/W4308529546","https://openalex.org/W4311764026","https://openalex.org/W4313201801","https://openalex.org/W4319591135","https://openalex.org/W4321460206","https://openalex.org/W4323073243","https://openalex.org/W4376130727","https://openalex.org/W4378174541","https://openalex.org/W4384918198","https://openalex.org/W4386648688","https://openalex.org/W4390578432","https://openalex.org/W4391669325","https://openalex.org/W4391707479","https://openalex.org/W4392928480","https://openalex.org/W4393320640","https://openalex.org/W4399765484","https://openalex.org/W4400571962","https://openalex.org/W4400606985","https://openalex.org/W4405022676","https://openalex.org/W4405179919","https://openalex.org/W4407462248","https://openalex.org/W4408011655","https://openalex.org/W4409581167","https://openalex.org/W4410050817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772754186","https://openalex.org/W329016793","https://openalex.org/W233357626","https://openalex.org/W2313292002","https://openalex.org/W2316608752","https://openalex.org/W3185620061","https://openalex.org/W2805721841","https://openalex.org/W2360957937","https://openalex.org/W2799375347","https://openalex.org/W2038398106"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,151],"Zoige":[1],"Wetland,":[2],"located":[3],"in":[4,51],"the":[5,10,75,86,159,201,213],"eastern":[6],"Qinghai\u2013Tibet":[7,214],"Plateau,":[8],"is":[9,22],"world\u2019s":[11],"largest":[12],"alpine":[13,142,192],"peatland.":[14],"Understanding":[15],"its":[16],"spatiotemporal":[17],"dynamics":[18,50],"and":[19,47,59,80,102,108,129,137,176,206],"driving":[20,64],"mechanisms":[21],"essential":[23],"for":[24,208],"sustaining":[25],"fragile":[26],"plateau":[27],"ecosystems.":[28],"In":[29],"this":[30],"study,":[31],"we":[32,66],"applied":[33],"a":[34],"Vision":[35],"Transformer":[36],"(ViT)":[37],"model":[38,72],"to":[39,45,73,197],"classify":[40],"Landsat":[41],"imagery":[42],"from":[43],"1990":[44],"2020":[46],"investigated":[48],"wetland":[49,88,149,163,199],"terms":[52],"of":[53,77,126,134,141,191,203],"areal":[54],"change,":[55],"land":[56],"cover":[57],"transitions,":[58],"centroid":[60],"migration.":[61],"To":[62],"explore":[63],"forces,":[65],"employed":[67],"an":[68],"optimized":[69],"geographical":[70],"detector":[71],"quantify":[74],"effects":[76,168],"climatic,":[78],"natural,":[79],"anthropogenic":[81],"factors.":[82],"Results":[83],"indicate":[84],"that":[85],"total":[87],"area":[89],"declined":[90],"by":[91,105,116],"3.11":[92],"%":[93,107],"(207.36":[94],"km2)":[95],"over":[96],"three":[97],"decades,":[98],"with":[99],"water":[100,127],"bodies":[101,128],"swamps":[103],"expanding":[104],"48.11":[106],"26.92":[109],"%,":[110],"respectively,":[111],"while":[112,165],"swamp":[113,135],"meadows":[114],"decreased":[115],"11.59":[117],"%.":[118],"Centroid":[119],"analysis":[120],"further":[121],"revealed":[122],"consistent":[123],"southeastward":[124],"migration":[125],"swamps,":[130],"slight":[131],"northeastward":[132],"shifts":[133],"meadows,":[136,143],"minor":[138],"northwestward":[139],"movement":[140],"highlighting":[144],"distinct":[145],"directional":[146],"patterns":[147],"among":[148,171],"types.":[150],"Digital":[152],"Elevation":[153],"Model":[154],"(DEM)":[155],"was":[156],"identified":[157],"as":[158],"dominant":[160],"factor":[161],"shaping":[162],"distribution,":[164],"strong":[166],"interactive":[167],"were":[169],"observed":[170],"DEM,":[172],"wind":[173],"speed,":[174],"temperature,":[175],"GDP.":[177],"These":[178],"findings":[179],"reveal":[180],"not":[181],"only":[182],"pronounced":[183],"spatial":[184],"restructuring":[185],"but":[186],"also":[187],"substantial":[188],"temporal":[189],"variability":[190],"peatlands,":[193],"providing":[194],"robust":[195],"evidence":[196],"inform":[198],"conservation,":[200],"restoration":[202],"degraded":[204],"ecosystems,":[205],"strategies":[207],"long-term":[209],"ecological":[210],"sustainability":[211],"on":[212],"Plateau.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
