{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413798595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.950237","title":"tDCS and Speech Therapy in Aphasia Treatment: A Multicenter Comparative Study of Efficacy","display_name":"tDCS and Speech Therapy in Aphasia Treatment: A Multicenter Comparative Study of Efficacy","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413798595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.950237","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40975782"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.12659/msm.950237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.950237","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.950237","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156858864","display_name":"Medical Science Monitor","issn_l":"1234-1010","issn":["1234-1010","1643-3750"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320062","host_organization_name":"International Scientific Information Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320062"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Scientific Information Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Science Monitor","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12462536","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116701674","display_name":"Zofia Twardochleb","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zofia Twardochleb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Neurorehabilitation, AFA-MED, ?\u00f3d?, Poland","Centre of Neurorehabilitation, AFA-MED, \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Neurorehabilitation, AFA-MED, ?\u00f3d?, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Neurorehabilitation, AFA-MED, \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059289365","display_name":"Marta Szczepa\u0144ska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4996-2318","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4996-2318"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marta Szczepa\u0144ska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Neurorehabilitation, AFA-MED, ?\u00f3d?, Poland","Centre of Neurorehabilitation, AFA-MED, \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Neurorehabilitation, AFA-MED, ?\u00f3d?, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Neurorehabilitation, AFA-MED, \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064508942","display_name":"Maciej Mi\u015b","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-4113","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-4113"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219388962","display_name":"University of Wroc\u0142aw","ror":"https://ror.org/00yae6e25","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219388962"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I385303915","display_name":"Wroclaw Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01qpw1b93","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maciej M. Mi\u015b","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, University Centre of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Wroc?aw Medical University, Wroc?aw, Poland","Department of Neurosurgery, University Centre of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Centre of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Wroc?aw Medical University, Wroc?aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Centre of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219388962","https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006641901","display_name":"Marcin Mi\u015b","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0985-8778","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0985-8778"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219388962","display_name":"University of Wroc\u0142aw","ror":"https://ror.org/00yae6e25","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219388962"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I385303915","display_name":"Wroclaw Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01qpw1b93","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcin Mi\u015b","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, University Centre of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Wroc?aw Medical University, Wroc?aw, Poland","Department of Neurosurgery, University Centre of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Centre of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Wroc?aw Medical University, Wroc?aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Centre of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219388962","https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066269091","display_name":"Adam Druszcz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5307-3930","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5307-3930"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11923345","display_name":"Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/008fyn775","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Druszcz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Wroc?aw University of Science and Technology, Wroc?aw, Poland","Faculty of Medicine, Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Wroc?aw University of Science and Technology, Wroc?aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085967845","display_name":"Ma\u0142gorzata Paprocka\u2010Borowicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4296-7052","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4296-7052"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I385303915","display_name":"Wroclaw Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01qpw1b93","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ma\u0142gorzata Paprocka-Borowicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Clinical Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University Centre of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroc?aw Medical University, Wroc?aw, Poland","Division of Clinical Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University Centre of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University Centre of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroc?aw Medical University, Wroc?aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University Centre of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077026553","display_name":"Joanna Rosi\u0144\u0107zuk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-2287","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-2287"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I385303915","display_name":"Wroclaw Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01qpw1b93","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joanna Rosi\u0144czuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, Wroc?aw Medical University, Wroc?aw, Poland","Department of Nursing, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Wroc?aw Medical University, Wroc?aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, Wroc\u0142aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5262,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8322196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":null,"first_page":"e950237","last_page":"e950237"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10465","display_name":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","score":0.00989999994635582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aphasia","display_name":"aphasia","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-direct-current-stimulation","display_name":"transcranial direct current stimulation","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-therapy","display_name":"speech therapy","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke","display_name":"stroke","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traumatic-brain-injury","display_name":"traumatic brain injury","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-rehabilitation","display_name":"language rehabilitation","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prefrontal-cortex-stimulation","display_name":"prefrontal cortex stimulation","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verbal-expression","display_name":"verbal expression","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-comprehension","display_name":"language comprehension","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-and-writing","display_name":"reading and writing","score":0.7599999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779422653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2836","display_name":"Aphasia","level":2,"score":0.7952802777290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5268431901931763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992435398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934595","display_name":"Multicenter study","level":3,"score":0.5153242945671082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.45978620648384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986304054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33226","display_name":"Speech therapy","level":2,"score":0.4282822012901306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3480904996395111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2688763737678528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.1707872450351715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.1221114993095398}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000070642","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries, Traumatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000070642","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries, Traumatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000070642","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries, Traumatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000070642","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries, Traumatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001037","descriptor_name":"Aphasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001037","descriptor_name":"Aphasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001037","descriptor_name":"Aphasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001037","descriptor_name":"Aphasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001037","descriptor_name":"Aphasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001037","descriptor_name":"Aphasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001037","descriptor_name":"Aphasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001037","descriptor_name":"Aphasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011788","descriptor_name":"Quality of Life","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011788","descriptor_name":"Quality of Life","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011788","descriptor_name":"Quality of Life","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011788","descriptor_name":"Quality of Life","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013070","descriptor_name":"Speech Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013070","descriptor_name":"Speech Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013070","descriptor_name":"Speech Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013070","descriptor_name":"Speech Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065908","descriptor_name":"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D065908","descriptor_name":"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D065908","descriptor_name":"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D065908","descriptor_name":"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.12659/msm.950237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.950237","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.950237","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156858864","display_name":"Medical Science Monitor","issn_l":"1234-1010","issn":["1234-1010","1643-3750"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320062","host_organization_name":"International Scientific Information Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320062"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Scientific Information Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Science Monitor","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40975782","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40975782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11271036","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12462536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12462536","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12462536/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Med Sci Monit","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11271036","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12462536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial"},{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2596917397"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2010967707","https://openalex.org/W2010934263","https://openalex.org/W2092876913","https://openalex.org/W2372795522","https://openalex.org/W2152210579","https://openalex.org/W122979221","https://openalex.org/W2276983060","https://openalex.org/W2510337802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"Aphasia":[1,125,129],"is":[2],"a":[3,29],"common":[4],"consequence":[5],"of":[6,19,43,64],"stroke":[7],"and":[8,17,87,112,133,141,145,170,182,209,225,239,247],"traumatic":[9],"brain":[10],"injury":[11],"(TBI)":[12],"that":[13],"significantly":[14,177],"impairs":[15],"communication":[16,208],"quality":[18],"life.":[20],"Transcranial":[21],"direct":[22],"current":[23],"stimulation":[24],"(tDCS)":[25],"has":[26],"emerged":[27],"as":[28,241],"non-invasive":[30],"technique":[31],"potentially":[32],"enhancing":[33],"language":[34,53,155],"rehabilitation.":[35],"This":[36],"study":[37],"aimed":[38],"to":[39,76,215],"evaluate":[40],"the":[41,108,113,123,163,244],"efficacy":[42],"tDCS":[44,79,88,99,186,198,224],"in":[45,51,55,154,166,174,202,206,211],"combination":[46],"with":[47,57,68,90,199],"speech-language":[48],"therapy":[49],"(SLT)":[50],"improving":[52],"functions":[54],"patients":[56,66],"aphasia.":[58],"MATERIAL":[59],"AND":[60],"METHODS":[61],"A":[62],"group":[63],"90":[65],"diagnosed":[67],"TBI-":[69],"or":[70],"stroke-related":[71],"aphasia":[72],"were":[73],"randomly":[74],"assigned":[75],"3":[77],"groups:":[78],"alone":[80,84,187,193],"(Group":[81,85,92],"I),":[82],"SLT":[83,91,192,200,226],"II),":[86],"combined":[89,223],"III).":[93],"Treatment":[94],"procedures":[95],"spanned":[96],"5":[97],"months.":[98],"sessions":[100],"lasted":[101],"30-40":[102],"minutes":[103],"each":[104],"(1-1.5":[105],"mA),":[106],"targeting":[107],"left":[109],"dorsolateral":[110],"(F3)":[111],"right":[114],"(F4)":[115],"prefrontal":[116],"cortex.":[117],"Language":[118],"function":[119,156],"was":[120,188],"assessed":[121,242],"using":[122],"Frenchay":[124],"Screening":[126],"Test":[127,135],"(FAST),":[128],"Evaluation":[130],"Scale":[131],"(SODA),":[132],"Token":[134],"(TT).":[136],"Statistical":[137],"analyses":[138],"compared":[139,214],"pre-":[140],"post-intervention":[142],"outcomes":[143],"within":[144],"between":[146],"groups.":[147],"RESULTS":[148],"All":[149],"groups":[150],"demonstrated":[151],"significant":[152],"improvements":[153,205,229],"(p":[157,194],"<":[158],"0.001).":[159],"Group":[160,179,183],"III":[161],"showed":[162],"greatest":[164],"gains":[165],"verbal":[167,212,235],"expression,":[168,236],"comprehension,":[169,237],"reading":[171],"(32.6%":[172],"improvement":[173],"FAST":[175],"scores),":[176],"outperforming":[178],"I":[180],"(24.3%)":[181],"II":[184],"(17.8%).":[185],"more":[189],"effective":[190],"than":[191],"=":[195],"0.04).":[196],"Combining":[197],"resulted":[201],"superior":[203],"patient-reported":[204],"daily":[207],"confidence":[210],"expression":[213],"either":[216],"treatment":[217],"alone.":[218],"CONCLUSIONS":[219],"Patients":[220],"who":[221],"received":[222],"had":[227],"notable":[228],"across":[230],"all":[231],"measured":[232],"parameters,":[233],"including":[234],"reading,":[238],"writing,":[240],"by":[243],"FAST,":[245],"SODA,":[246],"TT":[248],"tests.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-09-30T09:27:27.532063","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}