{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413675352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","title":"The significance of S100\u03b2 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in postoperative cognitive dysfunction following cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","display_name":"The significance of S100\u03b2 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in postoperative cognitive dysfunction following cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413675352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40855344","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12379364"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","pdf_url":"https://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64516541","display_name":"European journal of medical research","issn_l":"0949-2321","issn":["0949-2321","2047-783X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Medical Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119389747","display_name":"Mehdi Hassani Ahangar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Hassani Ahangar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037305796","display_name":"Komeil Aghazadeh-Habashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6002-2437","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6002-2437"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163205636","display_name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04krpx645","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163205636"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Komeil Aghazadeh-Habashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6002-2437","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163205636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ali Rahi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114982161","display_name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04waqzz56","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Rahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119436833","display_name":"Armina Torabian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5580-0304","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5580-0304"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125694","display_name":"Islamic Azad University Kazeron","ror":"https://ror.org/02ytn4d59","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I4210125694"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Armina Torabian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Faculty, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5580-0304","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Faculty, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125694"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ilnaz Alavi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2894-5757","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2894-5757"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilnaz Alavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiovascular Division, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2894-5757","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiovascular Division, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012009648","display_name":"Kamran Shayesteh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4449-8318","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4449-8318"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183859904","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Mashhad","ror":"https://ror.org/00bvysh61","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I183859904"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kourosh Amirian Shayesteh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183859904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032149475","display_name":"Seyed Mohammad Mozaffari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48379061","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University","ror":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Mohammad Mozaffari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Surgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Surgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061","https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012386698","display_name":"Amirreza Khalaji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-1683","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-1683"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163205636","display_name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04krpx645","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163205636"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amirreza Khalaji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-1683","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163205636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116087969","display_name":"Mahsa Rostami Ghezeljeh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I235686326","display_name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxbqc24","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahsa Rostami Ghezeljeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077639277","display_name":"Seyyed Kiarash Sadat Rafiei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0280-8436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0280-8436"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48379061","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University","ror":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyyed Kiarash Sadat Rafiei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061","https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Alireza Mohebbi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0203-7347","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0203-7347"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33103891","display_name":"Ardabil University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04n4dcv16","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33103891"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Mohebbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Students Research Committee, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0203-7347","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Students Research Committee, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33103891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037832045","display_name":"Sadaf Salehi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-8842","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-8842"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadaf Salehi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-8842","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119436832","display_name":"Athena Fahami","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110525433","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzn7k21","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Athena Fahami","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037063761","display_name":"Mahsa Asadi Anar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5772-2472","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5772-2472"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48379061","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University","ror":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mahsa Asadi Anar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahsa.boz@gmail.com","School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5772-2472","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahsa.boz@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061","https://openalex.org/I58048189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061","https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080506568","display_name":"Pooya Eini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-8588","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-8588"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157063","display_name":"Shaheed Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/054zftm42","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157063"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pooya Eini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiovascular Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Institute, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-8588","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiovascular Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Institute, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157063"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091953982","display_name":"Mastooreh Sagharichi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0277-3455","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0277-3455"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48379061","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University","ror":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mastooreh Sagharichi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of medicine,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0277-3455","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of medicine,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061","https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101559781","display_name":"Fatemeh Khosravi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-7755","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-7755"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48379061","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University","ror":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farbod Khosravi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of medicine,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of medicine,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061","https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037063761"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061","https://openalex.org/I58048189"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"fwci":2.178,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87470024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"1","first_page":"811","last_page":"811"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10867","display_name":"Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders","score":0.8568999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10867","display_name":"Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders","score":0.8568999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11055","display_name":"Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques","score":0.07760000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12963","display_name":"Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research","score":0.02969999983906746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2806","display_name":"Developmental Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-cognitive-dysfunction","display_name":"postoperative cognitive dysfunction","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-surgery","display_name":"cardiac surgery","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s100beta","display_name":"S100\u03b2","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuron-specific-enolase","display_name":"neuron-specific enolase","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-injury","display_name":"cerebral injury","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurocognitive-impairment","display_name":"neurocognitive impairment","score":0.8930000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7953993082046509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780043718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956181","display_name":"Postoperative cognitive dysfunction","level":3,"score":0.7627530097961426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31174226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64855140","display_name":"Perioperative","level":2,"score":0.680487871170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188618488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24776639","display_name":"Enolase","level":3,"score":0.6042233109474182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.5018887519836426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.4640921950340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.44310006499290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.43557536602020264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.4347359538078308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172467417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1670397","display_name":"Neurocognitive","level":3,"score":0.4243800640106201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778789114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235007","display_name":"Cardiac surgery","level":2,"score":0.42185860872268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.31492558121681213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.11432185769081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204232928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899285","display_name":"Immunohistochemistry","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000079690","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Cognitive Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000079690","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Cognitive Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000079690","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Cognitive Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006348","descriptor_name":"Cardiac Surgical Procedures","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010751","descriptor_name":"Phosphopyruvate Hydratase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064568","descriptor_name":"S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","pdf_url":"https://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64516541","display_name":"European journal of medical research","issn_l":"0949-2321","issn":["0949-2321","2047-783X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Medical Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11187892","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12379364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:40855344","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40855344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European journal of medical research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12379364","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12379364/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eur J Med Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:024c6cf469e440e99c2fa5a7cbfe6a68","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/024c6cf469e440e99c2fa5a7cbfe6a68","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Medical Research, Vol 30, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","pdf_url":"https://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40001-025-03081-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64516541","display_name":"European journal of medical research","issn_l":"0949-2321","issn":["0949-2321","2047-783X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Medical Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413675352.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413675352.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966809271","https://openalex.org/W1993172197","https://openalex.org/W1996631957","https://openalex.org/W1998716532","https://openalex.org/W2002795594","https://openalex.org/W2004871498","https://openalex.org/W2007377955","https://openalex.org/W2020590969","https://openalex.org/W2027667780","https://openalex.org/W2028308037","https://openalex.org/W2030373365","https://openalex.org/W2034162657","https://openalex.org/W2035539957","https://openalex.org/W2043276792","https://openalex.org/W2052961394","https://openalex.org/W2091512692","https://openalex.org/W2116789036","https://openalex.org/W2116873128","https://openalex.org/W2122958546","https://openalex.org/W2132138469","https://openalex.org/W2145989984","https://openalex.org/W2147523835","https://openalex.org/W2160978993","https://openalex.org/W2168149585","https://openalex.org/W2229582722","https://openalex.org/W2325537322","https://openalex.org/W2361072375","https://openalex.org/W2791910913","https://openalex.org/W2895965040","https://openalex.org/W2944322285","https://openalex.org/W2982240991","https://openalex.org/W3089152972","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3155247055","https://openalex.org/W3161856492","https://openalex.org/W3189948650","https://openalex.org/W3193705467","https://openalex.org/W4200490897","https://openalex.org/W4295067333","https://openalex.org/W4297983178","https://openalex.org/W4308343366","https://openalex.org/W4362586995","https://openalex.org/W4387940113","https://openalex.org/W4389450299","https://openalex.org/W4391358958","https://openalex.org/W4393279733","https://openalex.org/W4402933870","https://openalex.org/W4403855624","https://openalex.org/W4404764824","https://openalex.org/W4409353464"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366996188","https://openalex.org/W4410707597","https://openalex.org/W3161856492","https://openalex.org/W2512128069","https://openalex.org/W7154751570","https://openalex.org/W2365152370","https://openalex.org/W2380493542","https://openalex.org/W2312812437","https://openalex.org/W2361921508","https://openalex.org/W6924940151"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Postoperative":[1],"cognitive":[2],"dysfunction":[3],"(POCD)":[4],"significantly":[5,171],"affects":[6],"recovery,":[7],"hospitalization":[8],"duration,":[9],"and":[10,27,37,49,56,66,96,110,126,168,205],"quality":[11,129],"of":[12,46,98,155],"life":[13],"following":[14],"cardiac":[15,75,118],"surgery.":[16],"Identifying":[17],"reliable":[18],"biomarkers":[19,81],"for":[20,144,192],"predicting":[21],"POCD":[22,73,116,201],"could":[23],"improve":[24],"patient":[25],"outcomes":[26],"perioperative":[28,62],"care.":[29],"Among":[30,162],"these,":[31],"S100":[32],"calcium-binding":[33],"protein":[34],"beta":[35],"(S100\u03b2)":[36],"neuron-specific":[38],"enolase":[39],"(NSE)":[40],"have":[41],"emerged":[42],"as":[43,186],"promising":[44],"indicators":[45],"cerebral":[47,183],"injury":[48],"neurocognitive":[50],"dysfunction.":[51],"OBJECTIVES:":[52],"This":[53],"systematic":[54],"review":[55],"meta-analysis":[57],"aimed":[58],"to":[59,77,101,115,175,200],"assess":[60],"within-subject":[61],"changes":[63],"in":[64,84,113,117],"S100\u03b2":[65,109,167],"NSE":[67,111,169],"levels":[68,112,170],"among":[69],"patients":[70,163,188],"who":[71,164],"developed":[72,165],"after":[74],"surgery,":[76],"evaluate":[78],"whether":[79],"these":[80,156],"consistently":[82],"rise":[83],"association":[85,181],"with":[86,182],"POCD.":[87],"METHODS:":[88],"Following":[89],"PRISMA":[90],"guidelines,":[91],"we":[92],"searched":[93],"PubMed,":[94],"Scopus,":[95],"Web":[97],"Science":[99],"up":[100],"October":[102],"2024.":[103],"Studies":[104],"included":[105],"peer-reviewed":[106],"articles":[107],"evaluating":[108],"relation":[114],"surgery":[119],"patients.":[120],"Two":[121],"reviewers":[122],"independently":[123],"extracted":[124],"data":[125],"assessed":[127],"the":[128,131,153,193],"using":[130,137],"ROBINS-I":[132],"tool.":[133],"Meta-analyses":[134],"were":[135,189],"conducted":[136],"a":[138,179],"random-effects":[139],"model.":[140],"RESULTS:":[141],"=":[142],"88.7%)":[143],"NSE,":[145],"indicating":[146,178],"large":[147],"effect":[148],"sizes.":[149],"Sensitivity":[150],"analyses":[151],"confirmed":[152,204],"robustness":[154],"findings":[157],"despite":[158],"substantial":[159],"heterogeneity.":[160],"CONCLUSIONS:":[161],"POCD,":[166],"increased":[172],"from":[173],"preoperative":[174],"postoperative":[176],"measurements,":[177],"potential":[180],"injury.":[184],"However,":[185],"non-POCD":[187],"not":[190],"analyzed":[191],"same":[194],"biomarker":[195],"changes,":[196],"causality":[197],"or":[198],"specificity":[199],"cannot":[202],"be":[203,209],"future":[206],"research":[207],"should":[208],"directed":[210],"toward":[211],"between":[212],"group":[213],"changes.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2025-08-27T00:00:00"}
