{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413612290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","title":"Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas: a 16-year retrospective analysis of multimodal treatment strategies and long-term clinical outcomes","display_name":"Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas: a 16-year retrospective analysis of multimodal treatment strategies and long-term clinical outcomes","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413612290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40933047","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12417146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96975567","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","issn_l":"1664-2295","issn":["1664-2295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041500691","display_name":"Chingiz Nurimanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-7980","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-7980"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chingiz Nurimanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027883357","display_name":"Iroda Zukhritdinkyzy Mammadinova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0427-1751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0427-1751"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Iroda Mammadinova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048538022","display_name":"Karashash Menlibayeva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3021-6350","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3021-6350","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2910-9996"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karashash Menlibayeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119428260","display_name":"Yeldar Kydyrmoldin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeldar Kydyrmoldin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119428261","display_name":"Ramazan Duisengali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramazan Duisengali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117859264","display_name":"Diana Kerimbayeva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diana Kerimbayeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068821578","display_name":"Serik Akshulakov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-6017","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-6017"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Serik Akshulakov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030725927","display_name":"Yerbol T. Makhambetov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1180-4285","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1180-4285"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yerbol Makhambetov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular and Functional Neurosurgery, National Center of Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027883357"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":6.9674,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97707925,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"1625899","last_page":"1625899"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11402","display_name":"Vascular Malformations Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11402","display_name":"Vascular Malformations Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10420","display_name":"Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carotid-cavernous-fistula","display_name":"carotid-cavernous fistula","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endovascular-embolization","display_name":"endovascular embolization","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcatheter-arterial-embolization","display_name":"transcatheter arterial embolization","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transvenous-embolization","display_name":"transvenous embolization","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barrow-classification","display_name":"Barrow classification","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embolic-agents","display_name":"embolic agents","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-occlusion","display_name":"total occlusion","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-clinical-outcomes","display_name":"long-term clinical outcomes","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-factors","display_name":"prognostic factors","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-impairment","display_name":"visual impairment","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurological-deficit","display_name":"neurological deficit","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-efficacy-and-safety","display_name":"treatment efficacy and safety","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/follow-up-mri","display_name":"MRI follow-up","score":0.40299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6914951205253601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018386432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426449","display_name":"Endovascular treatment","level":3,"score":0.5313893556594849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.5068793892860413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4441509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6418787","display_name":"Multimodal therapy","level":2,"score":0.47741806507110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.46134334802627563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778569377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5045537","display_name":"Carotid-cavernous fistula","level":3,"score":0.4185091555118561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3201926350593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776741419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457751","display_name":"Cavernous sinus","level":2,"score":0.24809181690216064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776098176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189389","display_name":"Aneurysm","level":2,"score":0.12066236138343811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96975567","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","issn_l":"1664-2295","issn":["1664-2295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40933047","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40933047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in neurology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12417146","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12417146/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Neurol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e42105ff89284e40a32572b34d6514c3","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e42105ff89284e40a32572b34d6514c3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology, Vol 16 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1625899/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96975567","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","issn_l":"1664-2295","issn":["1664-2295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413612290.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413612290.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W129810158","https://openalex.org/W1587186017","https://openalex.org/W1794331373","https://openalex.org/W1931646915","https://openalex.org/W1973410262","https://openalex.org/W1984023958","https://openalex.org/W1991350053","https://openalex.org/W1995907976","https://openalex.org/W2053960945","https://openalex.org/W2056816374","https://openalex.org/W2065293881","https://openalex.org/W2070809519","https://openalex.org/W2070933721","https://openalex.org/W2084319938","https://openalex.org/W2085972722","https://openalex.org/W2087492762","https://openalex.org/W2091929868","https://openalex.org/W2132463633","https://openalex.org/W2135876517","https://openalex.org/W2142796114","https://openalex.org/W2142825813","https://openalex.org/W2148432194","https://openalex.org/W2157364047","https://openalex.org/W2181702064","https://openalex.org/W2304446107","https://openalex.org/W2318732440","https://openalex.org/W2334712981","https://openalex.org/W2412741764","https://openalex.org/W2413921807","https://openalex.org/W2518886134","https://openalex.org/W2574458343","https://openalex.org/W2766271017","https://openalex.org/W2900195941","https://openalex.org/W2955288657","https://openalex.org/W2971494112","https://openalex.org/W2979964636","https://openalex.org/W3024984160","https://openalex.org/W3048629842","https://openalex.org/W3092394370","https://openalex.org/W3110266263","https://openalex.org/W3138412468","https://openalex.org/W3161810725","https://openalex.org/W3164783359","https://openalex.org/W4214885603","https://openalex.org/W4307126847","https://openalex.org/W4308294559","https://openalex.org/W4361292160","https://openalex.org/W4362672037","https://openalex.org/W4392356985","https://openalex.org/W4392357408","https://openalex.org/W4401185331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7170913850","https://openalex.org/W4399752300","https://openalex.org/W4391437893","https://openalex.org/W7126182142","https://openalex.org/W4394600105","https://openalex.org/W4400893040","https://openalex.org/W2048864927","https://openalex.org/W4382927894","https://openalex.org/W4319787235","https://openalex.org/W4406632701"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Carotid-cavernous":[1],"fistulas":[2,106],"(CCFs)":[3,107],"are":[4,35],"abnormal":[5],"connections":[6],"between":[7,119],"the":[8,15,39,45,51,69,111,139,191,196,233],"carotid":[9,273],"artery":[10,274],"and/or":[11],"its":[12],"branches":[13],"and":[14,26,31,71,82,92,108,121,157,160,183,186,207,290,315,324,344],"cavernous":[16],"sinus,":[17],"potentially":[18],"resulting":[19],"in":[20,116,147,153,162,195,252,259],"significant":[21,304],"complications,":[22],"including":[23,270],"visual":[24],"impairment":[25],"neurological":[27],"deficits.":[28],"Timely":[29],"diagnosis":[30],"appropriate":[32],"therapeutic":[33],"intervention":[34,235],"critical":[36,338],"to":[37,67,83,138],"minimizing":[38],"risk":[40,350],"of":[41,74,101,125,173,178,241,280,292,330,340,351],"adverse":[42],"outcomes.":[43,188,308],"Over":[44],"years,":[46,220],"endovascular":[47,80,129],"techniques":[48],"have":[49],"become":[50],"preferred":[52],"method":[53],"for":[54,114,320],"treating":[55],"CCFs,":[56],"offering":[57],"high":[58],"success":[59],"rates":[60,329],"with":[61,76,79,89,104,221,229,239,255,306,347],"fewer":[62],"complications.":[63,353],"This":[64],"study":[65,68],"aims":[66],"clinical":[70,187,201,211,307,331,342],"radiological":[72,185],"outcomes":[73,225,343],"patients":[75,102,127,149,155,193,243],"CCFs":[77],"treated":[78,109],"approaches,":[81],"identify":[84],"key":[85],"prognostic":[86],"factors":[87],"associated":[88,228,346],"treatment":[90,181,285,318],"efficacy":[91],"symptomatic":[93],"resolution.":[94,247],"Methods":[95],"A":[96,123,143],"retrospective":[97],"analysis":[98],"was":[99,216,250],"conducted":[100],"diagnosed":[103],"carotid-cavernous":[105],"at":[110,265],"National":[112],"Center":[113],"Neurosurgery":[115],"Astana,":[117],"Kazakhstan,":[118],"2008":[120],"2024.":[122],"total":[124],"71":[126,192],"underwent":[128],"embolization":[130,311],"using":[131],"either":[132],"transarterial":[133,323],"or":[134],"transvenous":[135,325],"techniques.":[136],"According":[137],"Barrow":[140],"classification,":[141],"type":[142,151,172,291],"CCF":[144],"were":[145,226],"observed":[146],"62":[148],"(87.3%),":[150],"D":[152],"7":[154],"(9.9%),":[156],"types":[158],"B":[159],"C":[161],"1":[163],"patient":[164,170],"each":[165],"(1.4%).":[166],"Collected":[167],"data":[168],"included":[169,194],"demographics,":[171],"embolic":[174,293],"materials":[175],"utilized,":[176],"number":[177,279],"procedures":[179],"performed,":[180],"approach,":[182],"corresponding":[184],"Results":[189],"Among":[190],"study,":[197],"80.3%":[198],"achieved":[199],"complete":[200,230,256,334],"resolution,":[202],"15.5%":[203],"demonstrated":[204],"partial":[205],"improvement,":[206],"4.2%":[208],"experienced":[209],"no":[210],"benefit.":[212],"The":[213],"mean":[214],"age":[215],"35.7":[217],"\u00b1":[218],"12.9":[219],"71.8%":[222],"males.":[223],"Clinical":[224],"significantly":[227],"occlusion":[231,257,335],"following":[232],"initial":[234],"(p":[236,276,282,287,296],"<":[237],"0.001),":[238],"96%":[240],"these":[242],"achieving":[244],"full":[245],"symptom":[246],"Imaging":[248],"follow-up":[249],"available":[251],"all":[253],"patients,":[254],"confirmed":[258],"65":[260],"cases":[261],"(91.5%)":[262],"on":[263],"MRI":[264],"6":[266],"months.":[267],"Other":[268],"variables,":[269],"distal":[271],"internal":[272],"flow":[275],"=":[277,283,288,297],"0.145),":[278],"interventions":[281],"0.838),":[284],"approach":[286],"0.529),":[289],"agent":[294],"employed":[295],"0.778),":[298],"did":[299],"not":[300],"demonstrate":[301],"a":[302,313,337,348],"statistically":[303],"association":[305],"Conclusion":[309],"Endovascular":[310],"is":[312,336,345],"safe":[314],"effective":[316],"first-line":[317],"modality":[319],"CCFs.":[321],"Both":[322],"approaches":[326],"offer":[327],"comparable":[328],"success.":[332],"Achieving":[333],"determinant":[339],"favorable":[341],"reduced":[349],"treatment-related":[352]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}