{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413609259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1","title":"Anti-Candida properties of 5-butyl-2-pyridine carboxylic acid, extracted from azole drug-sensitive micro-fungi Aspergillus fumigatus nHF-01","display_name":"Anti-Candida properties of 5-butyl-2-pyridine carboxylic acid, extracted from azole drug-sensitive micro-fungi Aspergillus fumigatus nHF-01","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413609259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10593573/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10593573/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054200505","display_name":"Vivekananda Mandal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6523-8069","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6523-8069"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33932797","display_name":"University of Gour Banga","ror":"https://ror.org/00pyh2y32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33932797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vivekananda Mandal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gour Banga"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gour Banga","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33932797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019604898","display_name":"Rajsekhar Adhikary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9167-3001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9167-3001"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33932797","display_name":"University of Gour Banga","ror":"https://ror.org/00pyh2y32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33932797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajsekhar Adhikary","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gour Banga"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gour Banga","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33932797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079876191","display_name":"Narendra Nath Ghosh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6026-4639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6026-4639"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33932797","display_name":"University of Gour Banga","ror":"https://ror.org/00pyh2y32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33932797"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137563","display_name":"Manhattan High School","ror":"https://ror.org/03tmvjq86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137563"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159927","display_name":"Pocatello High School","ror":"https://ror.org/05rtxtk57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159927"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268085","display_name":"Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05r7nck22","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125431","https://openalex.org/I4405268085"]}],"countries":["IN","NP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Narendra Nath Ghosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Narendra Nath Ghosh, Pakuahat ANM High School","University of Gour Banga"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Narendra Nath Ghosh, Pakuahat ANM High School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137563","https://openalex.org/I4210159927","https://openalex.org/I4405268085"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gour Banga","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33932797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031168014","display_name":"Sayan Poddar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7192-293X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7192-293X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154851008","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","ror":"https://ror.org/00582g326","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33932797","display_name":"University of Gour Banga","ror":"https://ror.org/00pyh2y32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33932797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sayan Poddar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","University of Gour Banga"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gour Banga","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33932797"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054200505","display_name":"Vivekananda Mandal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6523-8069","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6523-8069"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33932797","display_name":"University of Gour Banga","ror":"https://ror.org/00pyh2y32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33932797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"VIVEKANANDA MANDAL","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gour Banga"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gour Banga","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33932797"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10150","display_name":"Antifungal resistance and susceptibility","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10150","display_name":"Antifungal resistance and susceptibility","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10252","display_name":"Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-candida-activity","display_name":"anti-Candida activity","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/candida-albicans","display_name":"Candida albicans","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/candida-glabrata","display_name":"Candida glabrata","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/candida-parapsilosis","display_name":"Candida parapsilosis","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aspergillus-fumigatus","display_name":"Aspergillus fumigatus","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fungicidal-activity","display_name":"fungicidal activity","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antifungal-synergy","display_name":"antifungal synergy","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clotrimazole","display_name":"clotrimazole","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luliconazole","display_name":"luliconazole","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lanosterol-14alpha-demethylase","display_name":"lanosterol 14\u03b1-demethylase","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyp51","display_name":"CYP51","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erg11","display_name":"ERG11","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-wall-disruption","display_name":"cell wall damage","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-permeability","display_name":"membrane permeability","score":0.9290000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779787849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134359","display_name":"Aspergillus fumigatus","level":2,"score":0.9434942603111267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780315139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419639","display_name":"Azole","level":3,"score":0.6637685298919678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.6343681216239929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779485729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210385","display_name":"Pyridine","level":2,"score":0.6003670692443848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779175654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335130","display_name":"Aspergillus","level":2,"score":0.5300920605659485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779074116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134856","display_name":"Carboxylic acid","level":2,"score":0.5185818672180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.49511972069740295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.451097697019577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779548794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578726","display_name":"Antifungal","level":2,"score":0.43228596448898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.27863961458206177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2686924934387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.13452467322349548}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10593573/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"doi:10.22541/au.175616864.40833340/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.175616864.40833340/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.175616864.40833340/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.authorea.com/doi/pdf/10.22541/au.175616864.40833340/v1","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10593573/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10593573/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320717","display_name":"Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","ror":"https://ror.org/03tjsyq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413609259.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413609259.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1873116759","https://openalex.org/W1884430856","https://openalex.org/W1956405455","https://openalex.org/W1987547165","https://openalex.org/W2750959598","https://openalex.org/W2783461144","https://openalex.org/W2976984773","https://openalex.org/W2996664960","https://openalex.org/W2999664232","https://openalex.org/W4211042503","https://openalex.org/W4231537275","https://openalex.org/W4407611312"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4223505908","https://openalex.org/W4205918954","https://openalex.org/W4399653326","https://openalex.org/W2957022278","https://openalex.org/W7203966718","https://openalex.org/W2795628118","https://openalex.org/W4213117111","https://openalex.org/W4303685543","https://openalex.org/W2092764012","https://openalex.org/W4414674889"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Objectives":[1],"This":[2,257],"study":[3,120,258],"aimed":[4],"to":[5,52,123,147,222,230,284,302],"evaluate":[6],"the":[7,125,236,260,288],"effects":[8,75,194],"of":[9,41,128,163,235,244,252,265],"5-butyl-2-pyridinecarboxylic":[10,42],"acid,":[11],"a":[12,232,291],"potent":[13,134,186],"antimicrobial":[14],"compound":[15,132,190,289],"from":[16,143],"Aspergillus":[17],"fumigatus":[18],",":[19,205],"on":[20],"growth":[21,68],"inhibition,":[22],"biofilm":[23,25],"formation,":[24],"destabilization,":[26],"and":[27,35,49,58,70,97,105,139,156,165,172,180,197,202,247,281,297],"cellular":[28],"integrity":[29],"in":[30,306],"four":[31],"Candida":[32,39,263],"species.":[33],"Materials":[34],"Methods":[36],"The":[37,131,189],"anti-":[38,262],"activity":[40,219],"acid":[43,227],"was":[44,90,121,210,228],"assessed":[45],"using":[46,82,109],"disk":[47],"diffusion":[48],"microdilution":[50],"assays":[51,112,174],"determine":[53],"minimum":[54,59],"inhibitory":[55,84,135],"concentration":[56,61,85],"(MIC)":[57],"fungicidal":[60,187],"(MFC).":[62],"Growth":[63],"kinetics":[64,184],"were":[65,80,107],"monitored":[66],"through":[67],"curve":[69],"time-kill":[71],"assays,":[72],"while":[73,206],"synergistic":[74,193],"with":[76,113,137,195,278],"standard":[77],"antifungal":[78,307],"drugs":[79],"evaluated":[81],"fractional":[83],"(FIC)":[86],"indices.":[87],"Cellular":[88],"damage":[89],"analyzed":[91],"by":[92],"scanning":[93],"electron":[94],"microscopy":[95],"(SEM)":[96],"lactate":[98],"dehydrogenase":[99],"(LDH)":[100],"release":[101],"assays.":[102],"Biofilm":[103],"inhibition":[104],"destabilization":[106],"determined":[108],"microtiter":[110],"plate":[111],"crystal":[114],"violet":[115],"staining.":[116],"A":[117],"molecular":[118],"docking":[119],"done":[122],"predict":[124],"potential":[126,233,264,292],"target":[127,234],"action.":[129],"Results":[130],"exhibited":[133],"activity,":[136],"MIC":[138],"MFC":[140],"values":[141],"ranging":[142],"0.129":[144],"\u00b1":[145,149],"0.013":[146],"0.258":[148,157],"0.012":[150],"mg/ml.":[151],"At":[152],"concentrations":[153],"between":[154],"0.128":[155],"mg/mL,":[158],"it":[159],"induced":[160],"rapid":[161],"loss":[162],"viability":[164],"complete":[166],"lethality":[167],"within":[168],"15":[169],"hours.":[170],"SEM":[171],"LDH":[173],"revealed":[175],"significant":[176],"cell":[177,271],"wall":[178],"disruption":[179],"increased":[181],"permeability.":[182],"Time-kill":[183],"confirmed":[185],"activity.":[188],"also":[191],"showed":[192,217],"clotrimazole":[196],"luliconazole":[198],"against":[199,212],"C.":[200,203,213,245,253],"albicans":[201,254],"glabrata":[204,246],"an":[207],"additive":[208],"effect":[209],"observed":[211],"parapsilosis":[214],".":[215,255],"It":[216],"antibiofilm":[218],"as":[220],"compared":[221],"usnic":[223],"acid.":[224,268],"5-butyl-2-pyridine":[225,266],"carboxylic":[226,267],"predicted":[229,283],"be":[231],"ergosterol":[237],"biosynthetic":[238],"enzyme":[239],"Lanosterol":[240],"14\u03b1-demethylase":[241,286],"(LDM)":[242],"(CYP51)":[243],"its":[248,304],"correlated":[249],"isoform":[250],"ERG11":[251],"Conclusions":[256],"highlights":[259],"promising":[261],"By":[269],"disrupting":[270],"walls,":[272],"increasing":[273],"membrane":[274],"permeability,":[275],"exhibiting":[276],"synergism":[277],"conventional":[279],"antifungals,":[280],"being":[282],"inhibit":[285],"(CYP51),":[287],"represents":[290],"lead":[293],"candidate.":[294],"Further":[295],"safety":[296],"mechanistic":[298],"studies":[299],"are":[300],"needed":[301],"explore":[303],"application":[305],"drug":[308],"development.":[309]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}