{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413454735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec65582.2025.11109398","title":"Design and Fabrication of a Metalens for Beam Shaping in an End-fire Optical Phased Array","display_name":"Design and Fabrication of a Metalens for Beam Shaping in an End-fire Optical Phased Array","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413454735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec65582.2025.11109398"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec65582.2025.11109398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec65582.2025.11109398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec65582.2025.11109398","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe &amp;amp; European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106859782","display_name":"Talem Rebeda Roy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39534123","display_name":"Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024kbgz78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Talem Rebeda Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology,Gwangju,Republic of Korea,61005"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology,Gwangju,Republic of Korea,61005","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061064811","display_name":"Toijam Sunder Meetei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7189-4804","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7189-4804"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39534123","display_name":"Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024kbgz78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toijam Sunder Meetei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology,Gwangju,Republic of Korea,61005"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology,Gwangju,Republic of Korea,61005","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018576221","display_name":"Nan Ei Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5078-8842","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5078-8842"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39534123","display_name":"Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024kbgz78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Ei Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology,Gwangju,Republic of Korea,61005"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology,Gwangju,Republic of Korea,61005","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39534123"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1132,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92347526,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.020800000056624413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11517","display_name":"Advanced optical system design","score":0.010400000028312206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metalens","display_name":"metalenses","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-shaping","display_name":"beam shaping","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-phased-array","display_name":"optical phased array","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elliptical-beam","display_name":"elliptical beam","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-collimation","display_name":"beam collimation","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-divergence","display_name":"beam divergence","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-range","display_name":"detection range","score":0.6869999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.7448305487632751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.6832467317581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193860024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7180973","display_name":"Phased-array optics","level":4,"score":0.6603971719741821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.495159775018692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.4816940724849701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4728919565677643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4418124854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984025587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser beams","level":3,"score":0.43726468086242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.40180861949920654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2865116596221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.28178030252456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19280844926834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.10552734136581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec65582.2025.11109398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec65582.2025.11109398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec65582.2025.11109398","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe &amp;amp; European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401995844"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4290716467","https://openalex.org/W2048938327","https://openalex.org/W2005613467","https://openalex.org/W2993230840","https://openalex.org/W4391087564","https://openalex.org/W4377082521","https://openalex.org/W4317792916","https://openalex.org/W2386749714","https://openalex.org/W1974616999","https://openalex.org/W2363616626"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optical":[0],"phased":[1],"array":[2],"(OPA)":[3],"devices":[4],"for":[5,115],"beam":[6,19,70,80,95,105],"steering":[7],"and":[8,82],"ranging":[9],"applications":[10],"have":[11],"a":[12,53,102],"characteristics":[13],"built-in":[14],"architecture":[15],"that":[16],"emanates":[17],"elliptical":[18,94],"pattern,":[20],"mainly":[21],"due":[22,46],"to":[23,35,47,66,91],"laterally":[24],"expanded":[25],"aperture":[26],"of":[27,63,96,109],"their":[28],"end-fire":[29,99],"emitter":[30],"designs":[31],"[1].":[32],"This":[33],"leads":[34],"poor":[36],"resolution":[37],"along":[38],"the":[39,61,68,93,107],"vertical":[40,44],"direction":[41],"(i.e.,":[42],"large":[43],"divergence)":[45],"optical":[48],"power":[49],"dispersion,":[50],"resulting":[51],"in":[52],"short":[54],"detection":[55,83],"range.":[56],"Various":[57],"literature":[58],"has":[59],"demonstrated":[60],"use":[62,108],"cylindrical":[64],"lenses":[65],"collimate":[67],"output":[69,79],"from":[71],"OPA":[72,100],"devices,":[73],"enhancing":[74],"desired":[75],"functionalities":[76],"such":[77],"as":[78],"properties":[81],"range":[84],"[2].":[85],"In":[86],"this":[87],"work,":[88],"we":[89],"try":[90],"shape":[92],"64-channel":[97],"silica":[98],"into":[101],"sharp":[103],"spherical":[104],"by":[106],"metalens":[110],"with":[111],"minimal":[112],"objective":[113],"distance":[114],"more":[116],"realistic":[117],"approach.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
