{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413048890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2","title":"Unveiling inverse piezoelectricity and field induced nonvolatile strain in 2D TMDs","display_name":"Unveiling inverse piezoelectricity and field induced nonvolatile strain in 2D TMDs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413048890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41699-025-00564-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185653","display_name":"npj 2D Materials and Applications","issn_l":"2397-7132","issn":["2397-7132"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj 2D Materials and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41699-025-00564-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014053095","display_name":"Utpreksh Patbhaje","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7648-1080","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7648-1080"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Utpreksh Patbhaje","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086263561","display_name":"Rupali Verma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5629-9070","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5629-9070","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7337-3943"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rupali Verma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088780832","display_name":"Jeevesh Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6178-8434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6178-8434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeevesh Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Ansh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Ansh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031450949","display_name":"Mayank Shrivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1005-040X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1005-040X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayank Shrivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014053095"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"],"apc_list":{"value":3405,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3405},"apc_paid":{"value":3405,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3405},"fwci":1.2753,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77768421,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10275","display_name":"2D Materials and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10275","display_name":"2D Materials and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition-metal-dichalcogenides","display_name":"transition metal dichalcogenides","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambipolar-transistors","display_name":"ambipolar transistors","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-instability","display_name":"electrical instability","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-strain","display_name":"tensile strain","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strain","display_name":"compressive strain","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strain-mismatch","display_name":"strain mismatch","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-transport","display_name":"charge transport","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piezoelectricity","display_name":"piezoelectric properties","score":0.6330000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25621703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2658857","display_name":"Ambipolar diffusion","level":3,"score":0.6579405069351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.625058650970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207821765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405372","display_name":"Instability","level":2,"score":0.6018287539482117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100082104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183759","display_name":"Piezoelectricity","level":2,"score":0.5941084027290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40003534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862228","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.5821565389633179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778022156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576145","display_name":"Strain (injury)","level":2,"score":0.5517053604125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.5018956661224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.47558891773223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145598152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176097","display_name":"Field-effect transistor","level":4,"score":0.4750395119190216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.4343251585960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4291861355304718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.3556898832321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2739115059375763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.27035340666770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2570113241672516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.15382850170135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14577463269233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.13513362407684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.11188814043998718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41699-025-00564-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185653","display_name":"npj 2D Materials and Applications","issn_l":"2397-7132","issn":["2397-7132"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj 2D Materials and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:50fdc2087e4549e693d8cd7e88097b97","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/50fdc2087e4549e693d8cd7e88097b97","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"npj 2D Materials and Applications, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-025-00564-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41699-025-00564-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185653","display_name":"npj 2D Materials and Applications","issn_l":"2397-7132","issn":["2397-7132"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj 2D Materials and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310071","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337367","display_name":"Division of Materials Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01pc7k308"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413048890.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413048890.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509625286","https://openalex.org/W1999476436","https://openalex.org/W2048682471","https://openalex.org/W2066978116","https://openalex.org/W2086880071","https://openalex.org/W2089559557","https://openalex.org/W2101787945","https://openalex.org/W2114859176","https://openalex.org/W2160280418","https://openalex.org/W2163299211","https://openalex.org/W2170506198","https://openalex.org/W2236073419","https://openalex.org/W2249016579","https://openalex.org/W2335373519","https://openalex.org/W2416108250","https://openalex.org/W2464223839","https://openalex.org/W2465510599","https://openalex.org/W2615204552","https://openalex.org/W2624922195","https://openalex.org/W2742934599","https://openalex.org/W2747433442","https://openalex.org/W2747658721","https://openalex.org/W2765336661","https://openalex.org/W2791671538","https://openalex.org/W2802407191","https://openalex.org/W2902564794","https://openalex.org/W2915024977","https://openalex.org/W2939613475","https://openalex.org/W2943239698","https://openalex.org/W2952693114","https://openalex.org/W3004593431","https://openalex.org/W3009913903","https://openalex.org/W3018891632","https://openalex.org/W3035831555","https://openalex.org/W3038707091","https://openalex.org/W3040263581","https://openalex.org/W3045089613","https://openalex.org/W3047532982","https://openalex.org/W3049054849","https://openalex.org/W3087947621","https://openalex.org/W3136133937","https://openalex.org/W3173114720","https://openalex.org/W3192629720","https://openalex.org/W3204150277","https://openalex.org/W3212692650","https://openalex.org/W4200410333","https://openalex.org/W4200615822","https://openalex.org/W4205663798","https://openalex.org/W4210827889","https://openalex.org/W4225590527","https://openalex.org/W4226245903","https://openalex.org/W4226319054","https://openalex.org/W4226334645","https://openalex.org/W4292388255","https://openalex.org/W4302013367","https://openalex.org/W4310383787","https://openalex.org/W4317792918","https://openalex.org/W4317793279","https://openalex.org/W4319438208","https://openalex.org/W4323662862","https://openalex.org/W4376606793","https://openalex.org/W4385294305","https://openalex.org/W4386161547","https://openalex.org/W4388809763","https://openalex.org/W4389586890","https://openalex.org/W4396949202","https://openalex.org/W4400183412","https://openalex.org/W4400407504","https://openalex.org/W4400614656","https://openalex.org/W4400921554","https://openalex.org/W4403122251","https://openalex.org/W4403253239"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7171389466","https://openalex.org/W7208814648","https://openalex.org/W6889777788","https://openalex.org/W6962925892","https://openalex.org/W6927221662","https://openalex.org/W2887516798","https://openalex.org/W4411318811","https://openalex.org/W3211405900","https://openalex.org/W3156149551","https://openalex.org/W7223012860"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"advancement":[2],"of":[3,13,60,125,149],"transition":[4],"metal":[5],"dichalcogenide":[6],"(TMD)-based":[7],"electronics":[8],"technology":[9],"demands":[10],"thorough":[11],"understanding":[12],"dominant":[14],"electrical":[15,33,43,105],"instability":[16,38,103],"mechanisms.":[17,39],"Through":[18],"rigorous":[19],"analysis,":[20],"we":[21],"identify":[22],"a":[23],"previously":[24],"unrecognized":[25],"non-volatile":[26],"strain":[27,78,84,89],"in":[28,45,79,104,132],"TMDs":[29,126],"that":[30],"emerges":[31],"during":[32],"operation,":[34],"distinct":[35],"from":[36,114],"known":[37],"Strain":[40],"induced":[41],"by":[42,56],"operation":[44],"TMD":[46],"devices":[47],"distinctly":[48],"impacts":[49],"electron":[50],"and":[51,72,82,94,100,121,127,146],"hole":[52],"transport,":[53],"as":[54,111],"evidenced":[55],"the":[57,80,86,92,115,118,122,133,144],"performance":[58],"evolution":[59],"our":[61],"ambipolar":[62],"MoSe":[63],"2":[64],"field":[65,120],"effect":[66],"transistors":[67],"(FETs).":[68],"Raman":[69],"spectroscopy,":[70],"photoluminescence,":[71],"work":[73],"function":[74],"measurements":[75],"reveal":[76],"tensile":[77],"channel":[81,93],"compressive":[83],"near":[85],"contacts.":[87],"This":[88],"mismatch":[90],"between":[91,117],"contact":[95],"regions":[96],"disrupts":[97],"charge":[98],"transport":[99],"leads":[101],"to":[102,130],"performance.":[106],"These":[107],"instabilities":[108,140],"are":[109,128],"inevitable":[110],"they":[112],"originate":[113],"interaction":[116],"electric":[119],"piezoelectric":[123],"properties":[124],"expected":[129],"intensify":[131],"field-accelerated":[134],"downscaled":[135],"devices.":[136],"If":[137],"unaddressed,":[138],"these":[139],"could":[141],"severely":[142],"limit":[143],"practical":[145],"commercial":[147],"viability":[148],"TMD-based":[150],"electronics.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}