{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412988913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2025.111579","title":"Performance analysis of FSO-based communications in space\u2013air\u2013ground integrated networks: A comprehensive survey","display_name":"Performance analysis of FSO-based communications in space\u2013air\u2013ground integrated networks: A comprehensive survey","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412988913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2025.111579"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2025.111579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2025.111579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2025.111579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63392143","display_name":"Computer Networks","issn_l":"1389-1286","issn":["1389-1286","1872-7069"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107733307","display_name":"Ayalneh Bitew Wondmagegn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3971-8620","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3971-8620"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayalneh Bitew Wondmagegn","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3971-8620","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078333894","display_name":"Dongwook Won","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1781-1419","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1781-1419"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongwook Won","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1781-1419","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041116914","display_name":"Quang Tuan Do","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7991-9907","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7991-9907"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quang Tuan Do","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7991-9907","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045865971","display_name":"Demeke Shumeye Lakew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6795-8756","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6795-8756"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114501","display_name":"Wollo University","ror":"https://ror.org/01ktt8y73","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155077","display_name":"Kombolcha Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0527hfq87","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114501","https://openalex.org/I4387155077"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Demeke Shumeye Lakew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, Dessie, 1145, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6795-8756","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, Dessie, 1145, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114501","https://openalex.org/I4387155077"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041978875","display_name":"Sungrae Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-688X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-688X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sungrae Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-688X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041978875","https://openalex.org/A5045865971"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114501","https://openalex.org/I4387155077","https://openalex.org/I67900169"],"apc_list":{"value":2460,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2460},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7596,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94266737,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"271","issue":null,"first_page":"111579","last_page":"111579"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-space-optical-communication","display_name":"free-space optical communication","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-air-ground-integrated-networks","display_name":"space-air-ground integrated networks","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-turbulence","display_name":"atmospheric turbulence","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-turbulence-correction","display_name":"atmospheric turbulence correction","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outage-probability","display_name":"outage probability","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"bit error rate","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ergodic-capacity","display_name":"ergodic capacity","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"spectral efficiency","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-efficiency","display_name":"energy efficiency","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-security","display_name":"optical security","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/6g-networks","display_name":"6G","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-indicators","display_name":"performance indicators","score":0.5170000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8435369729995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.5223016738891602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197000039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2027432","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","level":3,"score":0.5009396076202393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.47772571444511414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.3091363310813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.24503931403160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2025.111579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2025.111579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2025.111579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63392143","display_name":"Computer Networks","issn_l":"1389-1286","issn":["1389-1286","1872-7069"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6773999929428101,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8776421289","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2023-00209125","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8892754160","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2025-RS-2022-00156353","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":232,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W111710148","https://openalex.org/W160838270","https://openalex.org/W1911888651","https://openalex.org/W1982892759","https://openalex.org/W2003806850","https://openalex.org/W2010008781","https://openalex.org/W2012642489","https://openalex.org/W2034460552","https://openalex.org/W2067766013","https://openalex.org/W2070449754","https://openalex.org/W2075624679","https://openalex.org/W2076989968","https://openalex.org/W2097642145","https://openalex.org/W2110766380","https://openalex.org/W2110931999","https://openalex.org/W2119148495","https://openalex.org/W2120827491","https://openalex.org/W2123479607","https://openalex.org/W2132419079","https://openalex.org/W2138020668","https://openalex.org/W2147056723","https://openalex.org/W2165210288","https://openalex.org/W2317741917","https://openalex.org/W2329036389","https://openalex.org/W2511038469","https://openalex.org/W2587993955","https://openalex.org/W2742002938","https://openalex.org/W2746550850","https://openalex.org/W2785864595","https://openalex.org/W2788129791","https://openalex.org/W2790962380","https://openalex.org/W2805960118","https://openalex.org/W2807884967","https://openalex.org/W2885535426","https://openalex.org/W2888792847","https://openalex.org/W2889117953","https://openalex.org/W2892656107","https://openalex.org/W2895265707","https://openalex.org/W2896407304","https://openalex.org/W2900729845","https://openalex.org/W2914338905","https://openalex.org/W2914367447","https://openalex.org/W2920880959","https://openalex.org/W2924920493","https://openalex.org/W2943663566","https://openalex.org/W2944619368","https://openalex.org/W2948175577","https://openalex.org/W2949403591","https://openalex.org/W2950675187","https://openalex.org/W2962804513","https://openalex.org/W2966869304","https://openalex.org/W2984772307","https://openalex.org/W2987882526","https://openalex.org/W2990279427","https://openalex.org/W2992876274","https://openalex.org/W2997888262","https://openalex.org/W2999360441","https://openalex.org/W3000699369","https://openalex.org/W3002567321","https://openalex.org/W3003382705","https://openalex.org/W3009170854","https://openalex.org/W3009302145","https://openalex.org/W3013500184","https://openalex.org/W3015088299","https://openalex.org/W3015435949","https://openalex.org/W3016298255","https://openalex.org/W3028742748","https://openalex.org/W3033429808","https://openalex.org/W3034104086","https://openalex.org/W3043294769","https://openalex.org/W3045502356","https://openalex.org/W3045597924","https://openalex.org/W3047317110","https://openalex.org/W3065982456","https://openalex.org/W3084313554","https://openalex.org/W3089706104","https://openalex.org/W3094038701","https://openalex.org/W3114322375","https://openalex.org/W3117854394","https://openalex.org/W3118082524","https://openalex.org/W3120420594","https://openalex.org/W3130765118","https://openalex.org/W3133744681","https://openalex.org/W3142872331","https://openalex.org/W3152598631","https://openalex.org/W3155561023","https://openalex.org/W3163044580","https://openalex.org/W3163817752","https://openalex.org/W3167009987","https://openalex.org/W3167683018","https://openalex.org/W3169113824","https://openalex.org/W3170034909","https://openalex.org/W3170255189","https://openalex.org/W3172588403","https://openalex.org/W3172981422","https://openalex.org/W3174495368","https://openalex.org/W3174568424","https://openalex.org/W3183878255","https://openalex.org/W3189778133","https://openalex.org/W3192749488","https://openalex.org/W3199935972","https://openalex.org/W3207963562","https://openalex.org/W3213413164","https://openalex.org/W3214774897","https://openalex.org/W3216603398","https://openalex.org/W4200057840","https://openalex.org/W4200257138","https://openalex.org/W4205161126","https://openalex.org/W4205364124","https://openalex.org/W4206336178","https://openalex.org/W4210248534","https://openalex.org/W4210280878","https://openalex.org/W4213435587","https://openalex.org/W4214889790","https://openalex.org/W4221075827","https://openalex.org/W4223453963","https://openalex.org/W4224263458","https://openalex.org/W4225911914","https://openalex.org/W4226292258","https://openalex.org/W4226309815","https://openalex.org/W4230621011","https://openalex.org/W4232484810","https://openalex.org/W4234865505","https://openalex.org/W4237761659","https://openalex.org/W4239080486","https://openalex.org/W4239407508","https://openalex.org/W4240554802","https://openalex.org/W4242072172","https://openalex.org/W4243658933","https://openalex.org/W4247712487","https://openalex.org/W4249475338","https://openalex.org/W4254128871","https://openalex.org/W4255303224","https://openalex.org/W4281998066","https://openalex.org/W4285115780","https://openalex.org/W4285118548","https://openalex.org/W4285245492","https://openalex.org/W4285269246","https://openalex.org/W4285506402","https://openalex.org/W4286900249","https://openalex.org/W4287729921","https://openalex.org/W4289529829","https://openalex.org/W4290991450","https://openalex.org/W4292825885","https://openalex.org/W4295308164","https://openalex.org/W4297513523","https://openalex.org/W4308125381","https://openalex.org/W4308917782","https://openalex.org/W4309778149","https://openalex.org/W4312442817","https://openalex.org/W4312560499","https://openalex.org/W4313163153","https://openalex.org/W4313184216","https://openalex.org/W4313195381","https://openalex.org/W4313307866","https://openalex.org/W4316658376","https://openalex.org/W4319865964","https://openalex.org/W4320016642","https://openalex.org/W4323059894","https://openalex.org/W4323338589","https://openalex.org/W4360604998","https://openalex.org/W4360995337","https://openalex.org/W4365801573","https://openalex.org/W4365806334","https://openalex.org/W4366149343","https://openalex.org/W4375802039","https://openalex.org/W4376851201","https://openalex.org/W4378194769","https://openalex.org/W4379196819","https://openalex.org/W4381416077","https://openalex.org/W4382052714","https://openalex.org/W4383112332","https://openalex.org/W4385151823","https://openalex.org/W4385151968","https://openalex.org/W4385453342","https://openalex.org/W4386065910","https://openalex.org/W4387010859","https://openalex.org/W4387042413","https://openalex.org/W4387251650","https://openalex.org/W4387303201","https://openalex.org/W4387415145","https://openalex.org/W4387717666","https://openalex.org/W4387789567","https://openalex.org/W4387883592","https://openalex.org/W4388286239","https://openalex.org/W4388407888","https://openalex.org/W4388756135","https://openalex.org/W4388938358","https://openalex.org/W4389633646","https://openalex.org/W4390874011","https://openalex.org/W4391149045","https://openalex.org/W4391235278","https://openalex.org/W4391696877","https://openalex.org/W4391742502","https://openalex.org/W4391889510","https://openalex.org/W4392024353","https://openalex.org/W4392152705","https://openalex.org/W4392175393","https://openalex.org/W4392451368","https://openalex.org/W4392946235","https://openalex.org/W4392979708","https://openalex.org/W4393028312","https://openalex.org/W4393047285","https://openalex.org/W4393973140","https://openalex.org/W4394675665","https://openalex.org/W4396530213","https://openalex.org/W4396667641","https://openalex.org/W4398151484","https://openalex.org/W4399039520","https://openalex.org/W4399767883","https://openalex.org/W4399881167","https://openalex.org/W4400033111","https://openalex.org/W4400679548","https://openalex.org/W4401163221","https://openalex.org/W4401808708","https://openalex.org/W4402186996","https://openalex.org/W4402350860","https://openalex.org/W4402774493","https://openalex.org/W4402835051","https://openalex.org/W4403060979","https://openalex.org/W4404809476","https://openalex.org/W4405205174","https://openalex.org/W4405598556","https://openalex.org/W4408325292","https://openalex.org/W4409103095","https://openalex.org/W6772802948","https://openalex.org/W6860376713","https://openalex.org/W6860380115","https://openalex.org/W6866875481","https://openalex.org/W6871032866","https://openalex.org/W6873540799","https://openalex.org/W6875343565"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6889681417","https://openalex.org/W4414551283","https://openalex.org/W4295015997","https://openalex.org/W4408572889","https://openalex.org/W4408324689","https://openalex.org/W4414525851","https://openalex.org/W4396608440","https://openalex.org/W2053933708","https://openalex.org/W4295308164","https://openalex.org/W4416267450"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}