{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412972754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2025.108496","title":"Towards a nuanced classification of mental fatigue: A comprehensive review of detection techniques and prospective research","display_name":"Towards a nuanced classification of mental fatigue: A comprehensive review of detection techniques and prospective research","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412972754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2025.108496"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2025.108496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2025.108496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2025.108496","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8427965","display_name":"Biomedical Signal Processing and Control","issn_l":"1746-8094","issn":["1746-8094","1746-8108"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedical Signal Processing and Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4412972754"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xinsheng He","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151615","display_name":"Wuyi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0488wz367","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151615"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98834328","display_name":"Wuyi University","ror":"https://ror.org/059djzq42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98834328"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinsheng He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151615","https://openalex.org/I98834328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075688579","display_name":"Shuran Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0354-8771","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0354-8771"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","display_name":"University of Essex","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkf1q06","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280161","display_name":"Guangzhou City University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02hcyt080","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280161"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuran Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK","School of Electronic & Information Engineering, Guangzhou City University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic & Information Engineering, Guangzhou City University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325502","display_name":"Haiyan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9592-4737","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9592-4737"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092944","display_name":"Dalian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2ypp58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiyan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Research Institute of Brain-inspired Intelligence, Dalian University, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Research Institute of Brain-inspired Intelligence, Dalian University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039342816","display_name":"Chuangquan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-296X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-296X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151615","display_name":"Wuyi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0488wz367","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151615"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98834328","display_name":"Wuyi University","ror":"https://ror.org/059djzq42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98834328"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuangquan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151615","https://openalex.org/I98834328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100329129","display_name":"Junhua Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5078-1712","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5078-1712"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","display_name":"University of Essex","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkf1q06","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junhua Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077677147","display_name":"Andrei Dragomir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2815-6958","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2815-6958"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrei Dragomir","raw_affiliation_strings":["N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, #05-COR, Singapore 117456 Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, #05-COR, Singapore 117456 Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080347335","display_name":"Anastasios Bezerianos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8199-6000","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8199-6000"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anastasios Bezerianos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hellenic Institute of Transportation, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hellenic Institute of Transportation, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018836772","display_name":"Hongtao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-5753","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-5753"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092944","display_name":"Dalian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2ypp58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151615","display_name":"Wuyi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0488wz367","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151615"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98834328","display_name":"Wuyi University","ror":"https://ror.org/059djzq42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98834328"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongtao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Research Institute of Brain-inspired Intelligence, Dalian University, Dalian, China","School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-5753","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Research Institute of Brain-inspired Intelligence, Dalian University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151615","https://openalex.org/I98834328"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018836772"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944","https://openalex.org/I4210151615","https://openalex.org/I98834328"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.8476,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9887406,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"111","issue":null,"first_page":"108496","last_page":"108496"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.9394999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.9394999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.03009999915957451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.01080000028014183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-fatigue","display_name":"mental fatigue","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatigue-classification","display_name":"fatigue classification","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatigue-detection","display_name":"fatigue detection","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-characteristics","display_name":"behavioral characteristics","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physiological-signals","display_name":"physiological signals","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemical-markers","display_name":"biochemical markers","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-fusion","display_name":"multimodal fusion","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transportation-safety","display_name":"transport safety","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-applications","display_name":"military applications","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pilot-performance","display_name":"pilot performance","score":0.9390000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5287919640541077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982735371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9690","display_name":"Mental fatigue","level":2,"score":0.4390994608402252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39985695481300354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3694825768470764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3557814657688141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.34625154733657837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.29617297649383545}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2025.108496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2025.108496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2025.108496","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8427965","display_name":"Biomedical Signal Processing and Control","issn_l":"1746-8094","issn":["1746-8094","1746-8108"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedical Signal Processing and Control","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3598429678","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2025TD002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","funder_display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7425160257","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024ZDJS033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","funder_display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5gyw91"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":151,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1126771041","https://openalex.org/W1952666776","https://openalex.org/W1981139865","https://openalex.org/W2003156394","https://openalex.org/W2012677220","https://openalex.org/W2026130871","https://openalex.org/W2026292399","https://openalex.org/W2049052668","https://openalex.org/W2052298016","https://openalex.org/W2064047542","https://openalex.org/W2071397834","https://openalex.org/W2073903692","https://openalex.org/W2074861365","https://openalex.org/W2080889861","https://openalex.org/W2087328255","https://openalex.org/W2088663548","https://openalex.org/W2119799745","https://openalex.org/W2131232285","https://openalex.org/W2144589738","https://openalex.org/W2147320300","https://openalex.org/W2148456697","https://openalex.org/W2220541428","https://openalex.org/W2244991220","https://openalex.org/W2269757556","https://openalex.org/W2295009060","https://openalex.org/W2314884918","https://openalex.org/W2315143670","https://openalex.org/W2329033499","https://openalex.org/W2411256484","https://openalex.org/W2415579967","https://openalex.org/W2478552648","https://openalex.org/W2517910850","https://openalex.org/W2521975186","https://openalex.org/W2527401766","https://openalex.org/W2548731518","https://openalex.org/W2556810949","https://openalex.org/W2558193840","https://openalex.org/W2563742216","https://openalex.org/W2590210438","https://openalex.org/W2595803110","https://openalex.org/W2622915959","https://openalex.org/W2623902889","https://openalex.org/W2628604254","https://openalex.org/W2738013437","https://openalex.org/W2739713481","https://openalex.org/W2740051075","https://openalex.org/W2761173690","https://openalex.org/W2767058673","https://openalex.org/W2770297267","https://openalex.org/W2776829712","https://openalex.org/W2783590821","https://openalex.org/W2789220724","https://openalex.org/W2789596781","https://openalex.org/W2790805479","https://openalex.org/W2793385254","https://openalex.org/W2793667632","https://openalex.org/W2796017944","https://openalex.org/W2797667027","https://openalex.org/W2883597459","https://openalex.org/W2886677687","https://openalex.org/W2900583110","https://openalex.org/W2901796686","https://openalex.org/W2908578648","https://openalex.org/W2909078322","https://openalex.org/W2912949708","https://openalex.org/W2913805982","https://openalex.org/W2913872323","https://openalex.org/W2913908672","https://openalex.org/W2943947171","https://openalex.org/W2948303596","https://openalex.org/W2956246994","https://openalex.org/W2980415636","https://openalex.org/W2989319645","https://openalex.org/W2989793251","https://openalex.org/W2990741191","https://openalex.org/W2999995229","https://openalex.org/W3008162595","https://openalex.org/W3010777170","https://openalex.org/W3016949303","https://openalex.org/W3017161802","https://openalex.org/W3017252933","https://openalex.org/W3030498851","https://openalex.org/W3033044366","https://openalex.org/W3033058966","https://openalex.org/W3042310736","https://openalex.org/W3083701231","https://openalex.org/W3089104907","https://openalex.org/W3114735065","https://openalex.org/W3118675156","https://openalex.org/W3122259083","https://openalex.org/W3125907799","https://openalex.org/W3130409332","https://openalex.org/W3157867987","https://openalex.org/W3165524315","https://openalex.org/W3174519036","https://openalex.org/W3197780705","https://openalex.org/W3204551889","https://openalex.org/W3206812900","https://openalex.org/W3208673579","https://openalex.org/W4200471506","https://openalex.org/W4205519040","https://openalex.org/W4206083335","https://openalex.org/W4212829408","https://openalex.org/W4238636802","https://openalex.org/W4247216964","https://openalex.org/W4247875883","https://openalex.org/W4252046679","https://openalex.org/W4255194165","https://openalex.org/W4280642030","https://openalex.org/W4281389957","https://openalex.org/W4281673086","https://openalex.org/W4286664370","https://openalex.org/W4287307736","https://openalex.org/W4291004899","https://openalex.org/W4295747632","https://openalex.org/W4296706931","https://openalex.org/W4297905678","https://openalex.org/W4300797202","https://openalex.org/W4303696396","https://openalex.org/W4310783780","https://openalex.org/W4319970836","https://openalex.org/W4377001522","https://openalex.org/W4381733137","https://openalex.org/W4383032374","https://openalex.org/W4385268829","https://openalex.org/W4387950231","https://openalex.org/W4388440361","https://openalex.org/W4388745514","https://openalex.org/W4390064514","https://openalex.org/W4390603674","https://openalex.org/W4392014476","https://openalex.org/W4392082907","https://openalex.org/W4392088509","https://openalex.org/W4392878267","https://openalex.org/W4393050195","https://openalex.org/W4394734808","https://openalex.org/W4394740881","https://openalex.org/W4394771898","https://openalex.org/W4395015615","https://openalex.org/W4396582046","https://openalex.org/W4396980317","https://openalex.org/W4400814982","https://openalex.org/W4401725696","https://openalex.org/W4403157514","https://openalex.org/W4403745993","https://openalex.org/W4406990635","https://openalex.org/W4409868887","https://openalex.org/W4410183331","https://openalex.org/W4410267992","https://openalex.org/W4411181359","https://openalex.org/W6674939634"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392661743","https://openalex.org/W4386093569","https://openalex.org/W2374255847","https://openalex.org/W4399839925","https://openalex.org/W4407952005","https://openalex.org/W7055954120","https://openalex.org/W3195365983","https://openalex.org/W7125930367","https://openalex.org/W2901228669","https://openalex.org/W3213654111"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
